scholarly journals AFLP Genome Scan to Detect Genetic Structure and Candidate Loci under Selection for Local Adaptation of the Invasive Weed Mikania micrantha

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e41310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Guopei Chen ◽  
Qijie Zan ◽  
Chunbo Wang ◽  
Ying-juan Su
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Genome Scan ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Candidate Loci

scholarly journals Host-symbiont coevolution, cryptic structure, and bleaching susceptibility, in a coral species complex (Scleractinia; Poritidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Forsman ◽  
R. Ritson-Williams ◽  
K.H. Tisthammer ◽  
I. S. S. Knapp ◽  
R. J. Toonen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Reduced Representation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Rapid Diversification ◽  
Candidate Loci

Abstract The ‘species’ is a key concept for conservation and evolutionary biology, yet the lines between population and species-level variation are often blurred, especially for corals. The ‘Porites lobata species complex’ consists of branching and mounding corals that form reefs across the Pacific. We used reduced representation meta-genomic sequencing to examine genetic relationships within this species complex and to identify candidate loci associated with colony morphology, cryptic genetic structure, and apparent bleaching susceptibility. We compared existing Porites data with bleached and unbleached colonies of the branching coral P. compressa collected in Kāneʻohe Bay Hawaiʻi during the 2015 coral bleaching event. Loci that mapped to coral, symbiont, and microbial references revealed genetic structure consistent with recent host-symbiont co-evolution. Cryptic genetic clades were resolved that previous work has associated with distance from shore, but no genetic structure was associated with bleaching. We identified many candidate loci associated with morphospecies, including candidate host and symbiont loci with fixed differences between branching and mounding corals. We also found many loci associated with cryptic genetic structure, yet relatively few loci associated with bleaching. Recent host-symbiont co-evolution and rapid diversification suggests that variation and therefore the capacity of these corals to adapt may be underappreciated.

scholarly journals Quantitative and molecular genetic variation in sympatric populations of Medicago laciniata and M. truncatula (Fabaceae): relationships with eco-geographical factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOUNAWER BADRI ◽  
HOUCINE ILAHI ◽  
THIERRY HUGUET ◽  
MOHAMED ELARBI AOUANI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection For

SummaryMedicago laciniata is restricted to south of the Mediterranean basin and it extends in Tunisia from the inferior semi-arid to Saharan stages, whereas M. truncatula is a widespread species in such areas. The genetic variability in four Tunisian sympatric populations of M. laciniata and M. truncatula was analysed using 19 quantitative traits and 20 microsatellites. We investigated the amplification transferability of 52 microsatellites developed in M. truncatula to M. laciniata. Results indicate that about 78·85% of used markers are valuable genetic markers for M. laciniata. M. laciniata displayed significantly lower quantitative differentiation among populations (QST=0·12) than did M. truncatula (QST=0·45). However, high molecular differentiations, with no significant difference, were observed in M. laciniata (FST=0·48) and M. truncatula (FST=0·47). Several quantitative traits exhibited significantly smaller QST than FST for M. laciniata, consistent with constraining selection. For M. truncatula, the majority of traits displayed no statistical difference in the level of QST and FST. Furthermore, these traits are significantly associated with eco-geographical factors, consistent with selection for local adaptation rather than genetic drift. In both species, there was no significant correlation between genetic variation at quantitative traits and molecular markers. The site-of-origin explains about 5·85% and 11·27% of total quantitative genetic variability among populations of M. laciniata and M. truncatula, respectively. Established correlations between quantitative traits and eco-geographical factors were generally more moderate for M. laciniata than for M. truncatula, suggesting that the two species exhibit different genetic bases of local adaptation to varying environmental conditions. Nevertheless, no consistent patterns of associations were found between gene diversity (He) and environmental factors in either species.

scholarly journals Genome Scan to Detect Genetic Structure and Adaptive Genes of Natural Populations ofCryptomeria japonica

Genetics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 176 (4) ◽  
pp. 2393-2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Tsumura ◽  
Tomoyuki Kado ◽  
Tomokazu Takahashi ◽  
Naoki Tani ◽  
Tokuko Ujino-Ihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genome Scan

Genetic structure of a QTL hotspot on chromosome 2 in sweet cherry indicates positive selection for favorable haplotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Cai ◽  
Roeland E. Voorrips ◽  
Eric van de Weg ◽  
Cameron Peace ◽  
Amy Iezzoni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Demonstration of local adaptation of maize landraces by reciprocal transplantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett M Janzen ◽  
María Rocío Aguilar-Rangel ◽  
Carolina Cíntora-Martínez ◽  
Karla Azucena Blöcher-Juárez ◽  
Eric González-Segovia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
South American ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigmentation ◽  
Reciprocal Transplant Experiment ◽  
Maize Landraces

Populations are locally adapted when they exhibit higher fitness than foreign populations in their native habitat. Maize landrace adaptations to highland and lowland conditions are of interest to researchers and breeders. To determine the prevalence and strength of local adaptation in maize landraces, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment across an elevational gradient in Mexico. We grew 120 landraces, grouped into four populations (Mexican Highland, Mexican Lowland, South American Highland, South American Lowland), in Mexican highland and lowland common gardens and collected phenotypes relevant to fitness, as well as reported highland-adaptive traits such as anthocyanin pigmentation and macrohair density. 67k DArTseq markers were generated from field specimens to allow comparison between phenotypic patterns and population genetic structure. We found phenotypic patterns consistent with local adaptation, though these patterns differ between the Mexican and South American populations. While population genetic structure largely recapitulates drift during post-domestication dispersal, landrace phenotypes reflect adaptations to native elevation. Quantitative trait QST was greater than neutral FST for many traits, signaling divergent directional selection between pairs of populations. All populations exhibited higher fitness metric values when grown at their native elevation, and Mexican landraces had higher fitness than South American landraces when grown in our Mexican sites. Highland populations expressed generally higher anthocyanin pigmentation than lowland populations, and more so in the highland site than in the lowland site. Macrohair density was largely non-plastic, and Mexican landraces and highland landraces were generally more pilose. Analysis of δ13C indicated that lowland populations may have lower WUE. Each population demonstrated garden-specific correlations between highland trait expression and fitness, with stronger positive correlations in the highland site. These results give substance to the long-held presumption of local adaptation of New World maize landraces to elevation and other environmental variables across North and South America.

scholarly journals Influence of isolation by environment and landscape heterogeneity on genetic structure of wild rice Zizania latifolia along a latitudinal gradient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Kinyori Wagutu ◽  
Xiangrong Fan ◽  
Wenlong Fu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Zizania Latifolia ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Isolation By Environment

AbstractGlobal aquatic habitats are undergoing rapid degradation and fragmentation as a result of land-use change and climate change. Understanding the genetic variability and adaptive potential of aquatic plant species is thus important for conservation purposes. In this study, we investigated the role of environment, landscape heterogeneity and geographical distance in shaping the genetic structure of 28 natural populations of Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. Ex Stapf in China based on 25 microsatellite markers. Genetic structure was investigated by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), estimation of FST, Bayesian clustering and Thermodynamic Integration (TI) methods. Isolation by environment (IBE), isolation by resistance (IBR) and isolation by distance (IBD) hypotheses were compared using a reciprocal causal model (RCM). Further, generalized linear models and spatially explicit mixed models, by using geographic, landscape and genetic variables, were developed to elucidate the role of environment in driving Z. latifolia genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation across all populations was high: FST = 0.579; Øpt = 0.578. RCM exclusively supported IBE in shaping genetic structuring, only partial support for IBR, but not for IBD. Maximum temperature of the warmest month and precipitation seasonality were the plausible parameters responsible for genetic diversity. After controlling for spatial effect and landscape complexity, precipitation seasonality was significantly associated with genetic diversity. Based on these findings, genetic structure of Z. latifolia across China seem to be as a result of local adaptation. Environmental gradient and topographical barriers, rather than geographical isolation, influence genetic differentiation of aquatic species across China resulting in instances of local adaptation.

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