scholarly journals Root morphological and physiological characteristics in maize seedlings adapted to low iron stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0239075
Author(s):  
Wengjing Long ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Nianxin Wan ◽  
Dongju Feng ◽  
Fanlei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Iron Stress ◽  
Maize Seedlings

Effects of Thiourea on Metals Availability and Maize Physiological Characteristics in Acid Soils from South China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Si Luo ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
Xi Hong Zhou ◽  
Qing Ru Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Fe Uptake ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Pot Culture

It has been confirmed that thiourea (TU) was effective in inhibiting urea hydrolysis and nitrite formation. However, few studies focused on the toxicological effects and environmental impacts of TU. In this study, the influences of TU on the soil pH and available metals contents were reported. The addition of thiourea to the urea-treated soils led to a slower decrease or even increase in soil pH. The application of thiourea had slight influence on the content of available Cu in soils. Mn content increased with increasing TU concentration, however, the changes of Zn and Al contents were opposite. Pot culture experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of TU on the physiological characteristics of maize seedlings, including the plant growth, chlorophyll (CHL) content, metal ions uptakes and malondialdehyde (MAD) content in the leaves. 1 mmol kg-1 soil thiourea significantly inhibited the growth of maize seedlings. The application of thiourea enhanced the Mn accumulation in leaves, and negatively affected the Fe uptake, which thereby inhibited the biosynthesis of CHL. There was not any noticeable difference in MDA content in plants treated with 1-2.5 mmol kg-1 soil thiourea. An obvious increase of MDA content was found at 5 mmol kg-1 soil thiourea.

scholarly journals Exogenous Salicylic Acid Improves Chilling Tolerance in Maize Seedlings by Improving Plant Growth and Physiological Characteristics

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Li ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Song ◽  
Yingbo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Chilling Resistance ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Cold Sensitive

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a chilling-sensitive plant. Chilling stress in the early seedling stage seriously limits the growth, development, productivity and geographic distribution of maize. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant growth regulator involved in the defenses against abiotic and biotic stresses as well as in plant development. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of foliar applied SA on different maize inbred lines under chilling stress are unclear. Two inbred lines, cold-sensitive cv. C546 and cold-tolerant cv. B125, were used to study the effects of SA on the growth and physiology of maize seedlings. The results showed that the application of SA at 50 mg/L on the leaves of maize seedlings under 4 °C decreased the relative electrolyte conductivity (REC) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2O2 and O2−) content due to increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity; SA also improved photosynthesis in the seedlings through increased chlorophyll content, enhanced Pn and Gs, and decreased Ci. SA application also increased the proline content and the relative water content (RWC) in the maize seedlings, thereby improving their osmotic adjustment capacity. The increase rate caused by SA of plant height and dry weight in C546 were 10.5% and 5.4% higher than that in B125 under 4 °C. In conclusion, SA promotes maize seedling growth and physiological characteristics, thus enhancing chilling resistance and the effect of SA on the chilling resistance of cold-sensitive cv. was stronger than that on cold-tolerant cv. at the low temperature.

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