scholarly journals Sugar beet extract rich in glycine betaine modulates oxidative defense system and key physiological characteristics of maize under water-deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0254906
Author(s):  
Sidra Shafiq ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Mohammad S. AL-Harbi ◽  
Bassem N. Samra
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Plants

Now-a-days, plant-based extracts, as a cheap source of growth activators, are being widely used to treat plants grown under extreme climatic conditions. So, a trial was conducted to assess the response of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties, Sadaf (drought tolerant) and Sultan (drought sensitive) to foliar-applied sugar beet extract (SBE) under varying water-deficit conditions. Different SBE (control, 1%, 2%, 3% & 4%) levels were used in this study, and plants were exposed to water-deficit [(75% and 60% of field capacity (FC)] and control (100% FC) conditions. It was observed that root and shoot dry weights (growth), total soluble proteins, RWC-relative water contents, total phenolics, chlorophyll pigments and leaf area per plant decreased under different water stress regimes. While, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), RMP-relative membrane permeability, H2O2-hydrogen peroxide and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [CAT-catalase, POD-peroxidase and SOD-superoxide dismutase] were found to be improved in water stress affected maize plants. Exogenous application of varying levels of SBE ameliorated the negative effects of water-deficit stress by enhancing the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, RWC, proline, glycinebetaine (GB), activities of POD and CAT enzymes and levels of total phenolics, whereas it reduced the lipid peroxidation in both maize varieties under varying water stress levels. It was noted that 3% and 4% levels of SBE were more effective than the other levels used in enhancing the growth as well as other characteristics of the maize varieties. Overall, the sugar beet extract proved to be beneficial for improving growth and metabolism of maize plants exposed to water stress.

scholarly journals Exogenously Applied Ascorbic Acid-Mediated Changes in Osmoprotection and Oxidative Defense System Enhanced Water Stress Tolerance in Different Cultivars of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq ◽  
Bukhari ◽  
Akram ◽  
Ashraf ◽  
Wijaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Oxidative Defense ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance

The present study was conducted to examine the effect of exogenously applied ascorbic acid (AsA) on osmoprotectants and the oxidative defense system in four cultivars (16171, 16183, 16207 and 16246) of safflower under well-watered and water deficit conditions. Water stress (60% field capacity) significantly decreased the shoot and root fresh and dry weights, shoot and root lengths and chlorophyll contents in all four safflower cultivars, while it increased the leaf free proline, total phenolics, total soluble proteins, hydrogen peroxide content and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymes. Foliar-applied (100 mg L−1 and 150 mg L−1) ascorbic acid caused a marked improvement in shoot and root fresh and dry weights, plant height, chlorophyll and AsA contents as well as the activity of peroxidase (POD) enzyme particularly under water deficit conditions. It also increased the accumulation of leaf proline, total phenolics, total soluble proteins and glycine betaine (GB) content in all four cultivars. Exogenously applied AsA lowered the contents of MDA and H2O2, and the activities of CAT and SOD enzymes. Overall, exogenously applied AsA had a positive effect on the growth of safflower plants under water deficit conditions which could be related to AsA-induced enhanced osmoprotection and regulation of antioxidant defense system.

scholarly journals Seed Treatment with α-Tocopherol Regulates Growth and Key Physio-Biochemical Attributes in Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Plants under Water Limited Regimes

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hameed ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Growth Attributes

The influence of seed priming with varying levels (50 and 100 mg L−1) of alpha-tocopherol (Toc) was investigated in carrot plants under water-deficit conditions. For this purpose, two cultivars of carrot, DC4 and DC90, were selected and subjected to well-watered (100% field capacity (FC)) and water-deficit stress (50% FC). After 21 days of water-deficit conditions, a significant suppression was observed in shoot and root fresh and dry weights, their lengths, chlorophyll a, b and total contents, and total soluble proteins (TSP). However, an up-regulatory effect of water stress was observed on the concentrations of glycinebetaine (GB), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid (AsA), total phenolics as well as the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes. Exogenous application of alpha-tocopherol was effective in reducing the accumulation of H2O2 and MDA contents and improving all growth attributes, contents of chlorophyll, proline, GB, AsA, total phenolics, TSP, and the activities of CAT and POD enzymes. Of both carrot cultivars, cv. DC4 had better performance in terms of growth attributes, whereas the response of the two cultivars was similar in all other attributes varying water regimes. Overall, it is suggested that seed priming with 100 mg L−1 Toc was effective in improving plant growth attributes, osmoprotectants and the oxidative defense system of carrot plants under water-deficit conditions.

The effect of water deficit on some physiological indices of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Thin Pham Thi Thanh ◽  
Bang Cao Phi ◽  
Hai Nguyen Thi Thanh ◽  
Khuynh Bui The ◽  
Mai Nguyen Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Lactuca Indica ◽  
Wilting Rate

Indian Lettuce (Lactuca indica L.) is a valuable medicinal herb but there are still no many researches about this plant. In this work, the physiological responses of Indian lettuce plants under water deficit conditions (5, 8, and 11 days of water stress) were investigated. The Indian lettuce wilted after 5 days of water stress (66.66%), the wilting rate increased after 8 (93.33%) and 11 days (100%) of water stress. The longer duration of water deficit stress caused the slower recovery of plants after rewatering. The water deficit stress caused a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, non-associated water content as well as flower formation of Indian lettuce. But the water deficit stress increases the associated water content and the flowering time of this plant.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Improves Capparis spinosa’s Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Photosynthetic Efficiency under Water Deficit

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bouskout ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Mohamed Najib Al Feddy ◽  
Hanane Dounas ◽  
Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Agricultural Yields

Agricultural yields are under constant jeopardy as climate change and abiotic pressures spread worldwide. Using rhizospheric microbes as biostimulants/biofertilizers is one of the best ways to improve agro-agriculture in the face of these things. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate whether a native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculum (AMF-complex) might improve caper (Capparis spinosa) seedlings’ nutritional status, their morphological/growth performance and photosynthetic efficiency under water-deficit stress (WDS). Thus, caper plantlets inoculated with or without an AMF complex (+AMF and −AMF, respectively) were grown under three gradually increasing WDS regimes, i.e., 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC). Overall, measurements of morphological traits, biomass production and nutrient uptake (particularly P, K+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+) showed that mycorrhizal fungi inoculation increased these variables significantly, notably in moderate and severe WDS conditions. The increased WDS levels reduced the photochemical efficiency indices (Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo) in −AMF plants, while AMF-complex application significantly augmented these parameters. Furthermore, the photosynthetic pigments content was substantially higher in +AMF seedlings than −AMF controls at all the WDS levels. Favorably, at 25% FC, AMF-colonized plants produce approximately twice as many carotenoids as non-colonized ones. In conclusion, AMF inoculation seems to be a powerful eco-engineering strategy for improving the caper seedling growth rate and drought tolerance in harsh environments.

scholarly journals Assessment of Salicylic Acid Impacts on Seedling Characteristic of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Water Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein MARDANI ◽  
Hassan BAYAT ◽  
Amir Hossein SAEIDNEJAD ◽  
Ehsan Eyshi REZAIE
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Randomized Design

Impacts of various concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling characteristic were evaluated under different water stress levels by using a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with three replications at experimental greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The studied factors included three water deficit levels (100% FC, 80% FC, and 60% FC) considered as first factor and five levels of SA concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mM) as second factor. Results showed that foliar application of SA at the highest concentration enhanced leaf area, leaf and dry weight while decreased stomatal conductance under high level of water deficit stress. Though, severe water deficit stress sharply raised the SPAD reading values. In general, exogenous SA application could develop cucumber seedling characteristic and improve water stress tolerance.

Effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on yield and some physiological traits of millet (Panicum miliaceum) under water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goudarz Ahmadvand ◽  
Somayeh Hajinia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Severe Water Stress

Piriformospora indica is one of the cultivable root-colonising endophytic fungi of the order Sebacinales, which efficiently promote plant growth, uptake of nutrients, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. indica on millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under water-stress conditions. Two field experiments were carried out in a factorial arrangement at Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Iran, during 2014 and 2015. The first factor was three levels of water-deficit stress, with irrigation after 60 mm (well-watered), 90 mm (mild stress) and 120 mm (severe stress) evaporation from pan class A. The second factor was two levels of fungus P. indica: inoculated and uninoculated. Results showed that water-deficit stress significantly decreased grain yield and yield components. Colonisation by P. indica significantly increased number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight, regardless of water supply. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain yield by 11.4% (year 1) and 19.72% (year 2) in well-watered conditions and by 35.34% (year 1) and 32.59% (year 2) under drought stress, compared with uninoculated plants. Maximum flag-leaf area (21.71 cm2) was achieved with well-watered conditions. Severe water stress decreased flag-leaf area by 53.36%. Flag-leaf area was increased by 18.64% by fungus inoculation compared with the uninoculated control. Under drought conditions, inoculation with P. indica increased plant height by 27.07% and panicle length by 9.61%. Severe water stress caused a significant decrease in grain phosphorus concentration, by 42.42%, compared with the well-watered treatment. By contrast, grain nitrogen and protein contents were increased about 30.23% and 30.18%, respectively, with severe water stress. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain phosphorus by 24.22%, nitrogen by 7.47% and protein content by 7.54% compared with control. Water stress reduced leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, whereas P. indica inoculation enhanced chlorophyll concentrations by 27.18% under severe water stress. The results indicated the positive effect of P. indica on yield and physiological traits of millet in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions.

Multivariate associations of flavonoid and biomass accumulation in white clover (Trifolium repens) under drought

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter L. Ballizany ◽  
Rainer W. Hofmann ◽  
M. Z. Zulfiqhar Jahufer ◽  
Brent A. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
The Individual

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is an important pasture legume in temperate regions, but growth is often strongly reduced under summer drought. Cloned individuals from a full-sib progeny of a pair cross between two phenotypically distinct white clover populations were exposed to water deficit in pots under outdoor conditions for 9 weeks, while control pots were maintained at field capacity. Water deficit decreased leaf water potential by more than 50% overall, but increased the levels of the flavonol glycosides of quercetin (Q) and the ratio of quercetin and kaempferol glycosides (QKR) by 111% and by 90%, respectively. Water deficit reduced dry matter (DM) by 21%, with the most productive genotypes in the controls showing the greatest proportional reduction. The full-sib progeny displayed a significant increase in the root : shoot ratio by 53% under water deficit. Drought-induced changes in plant morphology were associated with changes in Q, but not kaempferol (K) glycosides. The genotypes with high QKR levels reduced their DM production least under water deficit and increased their Q glycoside levels and QKR most. These data show, at the individual genotype level, that increased Q glycoside accumulation in response to water deficit stress can be positively associated with retaining higher levels of DM production.

scholarly journals Effect of Microelements and Selenium on Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme, Malondialdehyde Activity and Grain Yield Maize (Zea mays L.) under Water Deficit Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourali SAJEDI ◽  
Hamid MADANI ◽  
Ahmad NADERI
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Main Plot

This study was carried out to investigate effects of microelements under water deficit stress at different growth stages on antioxidant enzyme alteration, chemical biomarker and grain yield of maize in the years 2007 and 2008. The experiment was conducted in a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were three factors, water deficit stress at different stages of growth as main plot and combinations of selenium (with and without using) and microelements (with and without using) as sub plots. The result indicated that the activity of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde content under water deficit stress increased, but grain yield was reduced. The highest grain yield was obtained from optimum irrigation, while in the case of with water deficit stress at V8 stage it was non significant. Selenium spray increased activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme, malondialdehyde content of leaves in V8, R2 and R4 stages and also grain yield. Application of microelements increased the leaves superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and malondialdehyde content. Selenium and microelements spray under water deficit stress conditions during vegetative growth and dough stage increased grain yield in comparison to not spraying elements under water stress conditions. The present results also showed that by using selenium and microelements under water stress can obtain acceptable yield compared to not using these elements.

scholarly journals Yield Response of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes to Water Deficit Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Mimi ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
QA Khaliq ◽  
MA Baset Mia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

An experiment was carried out at research field of Agronomy, Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur from December 2013 to April 2014. Four soybean genotypes viz. i) G 00022 ii) Galarsum iii) BARI Soybean-5 and iv) G 00197 were grown in the field to evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter accumulation and yield. Plants were subjected to water stress that is irrigation was withdrawn at Blooming stage (R1) and Full Pod (R4 stages up to maturity. Dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components were reduced by the soil water deficit stress and reduction was higher at R1 stage than R4 stage of water stress. Among the genotypes, G 00022 showed the highest tolerance, while G 00197 was highly susceptible in all the water stress conditions. It was found that higher water deficit stress tolerance in G 00022 was associated with higher accumulation of leaf, stem, root and total dry matter under water stress condition.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 51-60

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