scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and associated factors among HIV positive patients attending public health facilities of Dessie town: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255824
Author(s):  
Yitayish Damtie ◽  
Bereket Kefale ◽  
Melaku Yalew ◽  
Mastewal Arefaynie ◽  
Bezawit Adane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Background Depressive symptoms are the most common psychiatric complication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. They are associated with poor drug adherence, treatment failure, and increase the risk for suicide. There was limited evidence of depressive symptoms among HIV-positive patients in the study area. So, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among HIV-positive patients attending public health facilities of Dessie town, North-central Ethiopia, 2019. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 HIV-positive patients attending ART clinics in Dessie town, North-central Ethiopia, 2019. Samples were selected using systematic random sampling and the data were collected by using structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaires. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at a cut-off point of 5 was used to assess depressive symptoms. The data were entered by Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 25. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms. The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) along with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was estimated to measure the association. The level of significance was declared at a p-value of less than 0.05. Result The prevalence of depressive symptoms among HIV positive patients was 15.5% (95% CI: (12.4%, 19.2%)). Age 40–49 years compared to 30–39 years (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: (1.01, 8.68)), age ≥50 years compared to 30–39 years (AOR = 3.81, 95% CI: (1.05, 13.8)), having perceived stigma (AOR = 10.2, 95%CI: (4.26, 24.4)) taking medication other than Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: (1.25, 5.33)) and history of opportunistic infections (AOR = 5.17, 95% CI: (1.31, 20.4)) were factors associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion The prevalence of depressive symptoms was low compared to previous studies. Age, perceived stigma, taking medication other than ART, and history of opportunistic infections were factors associated with depressive symptoms. Health education and counseling programs should be strengthened and target older patients, patients who took medications other than ART, patients who experienced perceived stigma and patients with a history of history opportunistic infections.

scholarly journals Diarrheal Diseases in Under-Five Children and Associated Factors among Farta District Rural Community, Amhara Regional State, North Central Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yilkal Tafere ◽  
Bedilu Abebe Abate ◽  
Habtamu Demelash Enyew ◽  
Amsalu Belete Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children

Background. Diarrheal diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. One of the national initiatives to reduce its burden is an implementation of an open-defecation-free program. However, information related to the comparison of diarrheal diseases among residents in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free. Hence, this study assessed the magnitude of diarrheal diseases among residents in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free areas of Farta District, North Central Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 758 households (378 in open-defecation-free and 380 in non-open-defecation-free kebeles) who have under-five children using a structured questionnaire. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with diarrheal diseases in the district. Results. Overall, 29.9% of children had diarrheal diseases in the last two weeks prior to the study. The magnitude of diarrheal diseases among under-five children living in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free residents was 19.3% and 40.5%, respectively. Lack of functional handwashing facilities (AOR: 11, 95% CI (8.1–29.6)), improper excreta disposal (AOR: 3.84, 95% CI (2.15–5.65)), and residing in non-open-defecation-free areas (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI (1.72–3.23)) were factors associated with diarrheal diseases. Conclusions. The prevalence of diarrhea among children residing in open-defecation-free areas was lower than that among children those who resided in non-open-defecation-free areas. Lack of functional handwashing facilities, residing in non-open-defecation-free areas, and improper excreta disposal were significantly associated with diarrheal diseases in the district. Strengthening health promotion on non-open defecation, maintaining functional handwashing facilities, and preparing additional handwashing facilities are necessary. Continuous engagement of the community health extension workers is recommended, sustaining the implementation of open-defecation-free programs in the district.

scholarly journals Self-reported history of Pap-smear in HIV-positive women in Northern Italy: a cross-sectional study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
◽  
Silvia Franceschi ◽  
Mauro Lise ◽  
Priscilla Sassoli de' Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Factors associated with the consumption of chlorine dioxide to prevent and treat COVID-19 in the Peruvian population: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Soriano-Moreno ◽  
Daniel Fernandez-Guzman ◽  
Fabricio Ccami-Bernal ◽  
Cristhian Rojas-Miliano ◽  
Wendy Nieto-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Information Strategies ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Chlorine dioxide has been promoted as an alternative for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, especially in Peru, despite the lack of evidence to support its efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with chlorine dioxide consumption in the Peruvian population. Methods Analytical cross-sectional study. An adult Peruvian population was evaluated where chlorine dioxide consumption was divided into two groups according to the purpose of use: as prevention (individuals without COVID-19 history) and as treatment (individuals with COVID-19 history). The associated factors in each group were evaluated using Poisson regressions with the bootstrapping resampling method. Results Of 3610 participants included, 3213 reported no history of COVID-19, and 397 had been infected. The prevalence of chlorine dioxide consumption to prevent or treat COVID-19 was 8 and 16%, respectively. Factors either positively or negatively associated with chlorine dioxide consumption for prevention were male sex (aPR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.09–1.71), being an adult or older adult (aPR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35–0.82), having a health sciences student within the family unit (aPR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.02–1.87), using medical information as the main source of information of COVID-19 (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.40–0.80), having comorbidities for COVID-19 (aPR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01–1.82), considering COVID-19 dangerous and deadly (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.45–0.74), using medications (aPR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.25–2.06) and plants to prevent COVID-19 (aPR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.21–2.36), considering chlorine dioxide ineffective (aPR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.18–0.24), and being uninformed of its efficacy (aPR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.16–0.28). In addition, factors associated with chlorine dioxide consumption for treatment were considering COVID-19 dangerous and deadly (aPR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.33–0.96), considering chlorine dioxide ineffective (aPR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.12–0.42), and being uninformed of its efficacy (aPR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.07–0.32). Conclusions The prevalence of chlorine dioxide consumption to treat COVID-19 was higher than prevent. It is important to apply information strategies, prioritizing population groups with certain characteristics that are associated with a higher consumption pattern.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with hospital emergency visits among asthmatic schoolboys in Saudi Arabia

2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
K. M. Al Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Positive History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hospital Emergency Room ◽  
History Of

This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of a positive history of hospital emergency visits [HHEV] among asthmatic Saudi schoolboys. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires to parents. The prevalence rate for positive HHEV among questionnaire-diagnosed asthmatic boys [QDAs] was 65.0%. Factors associated with positive HHEV among QDAs were determined. Modifying the preventable factors associated with the total number of hospital emergency room visits is expected to decrease the severity and the disability of this disease.

scholarly journals THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS UNDER 50 YEARS OF AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Nourollah Ramroodi ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mehrdad Ramroudi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological pattern of factors associated with ischemic stroke among patients under 50 years old. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 197 Stroke patients. Individuals with confirmed ischemic stroke based on of CT scan were included in the study. Demographic information included age, sex, history of smoking, place of residence, season of disease incidence, history of contraceptive use in women, history of hypertension, having high blood pressure at the onset of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease and patient weight. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.18 years. The mean weight, height, body mass index (BMI) were 79.83, 168.63, and 28.12, respectively. A total of 60.4% of the participants were male and 39.6% were female. Moreover, 66.9% were urban residents, 38.6% had complications in winter, 67% were smokers, and 50% used contraceptives. The history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease was seen in 69%, 49.7, 66%, and 73.6% of cases, respectively. Also, 53.8% of patients had high blood pressure upon admission. Conclusion: The present study showed that a history of heart disease and a history of hypertension in the past and nicotine use are very common in people with stroke. Considering the above mentioned epidemiological factors, it is recommended to prioritize the mentioned factors when identifying new cases

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INJURIES IN RECREATIONAL RUNNERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eduarda Ferreira Costa ◽  
Jader Barbosa Fonseca ◽  
Ana Izabela Sobral de Oliveira ◽  
Kryslly Danielle de Amorim Cabral ◽  
Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Running Injuries ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Introduction The increased number of people who choose running as a form of exercise has been associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. Objectives To determine the prevalence and the factors that could be correlated with injuries among amateur runners in Recife, in the State of Pernambuco (PE), Brazil. Methods An observational, cross-sectional study, in which 300 (three hundred) amateur runners answered a social demographic questionnaire, as well as questions about training characteristics, footstrike and landing pattern, and history of running injuries. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the student-t test to compare means, and the Chi-squared to compare prevalences. Results The prevalence of injuries amongst runners in Recife-PE was 58.5% (n= 175), the knee being the most commonly injured site (37.3%). In both groups - runners with and without injuries – there was a higher number of male runners, with 72.4% and 72.6% respectively. There was no difference in relation to the weekly frequency of running between the groups (p<0.63). However, runners with a history of injuries ran around 7 kmh a week more than the runners without injuries (p<0.03). A neutral footstrike (F=0.87; p=0.99) and hindfoot landing (F=4.13; p=0.90) were the most reported running patterns in both groups. It was found that wear was the main criterion used for changing running shoes in both groups (F = 8.35, p = 0.4). Conclusion There was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among amateur runners in Recife-PE. Among the factors associated with the injuries, one variable was significant: a higher weekly volume of training. Level of evidence II; Study type: Cross-sectional study.

scholarly journals Social and behavioural factors associated with depressive symptoms among university students in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e019918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanrith Ngin ◽  
Khuondyla Pal ◽  
Sovannary Tuot ◽  
Pheak Chhoun ◽  
Rosa Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
University Students ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Behavioural Factors

ObjectiveTo explore social and behavioural factors associated with depressive symptoms among university students in Cambodia.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingsTwo public universities—one in the capital city of Phnom Penh and another in Battambang provincial town.ParticipantsThis study included 1359 students randomly selected from all departments in the two universities using a multistage cluster sampling method for a self-administered questionnaire survey in 2015.Primary outcome measureDepressive symptoms measured by using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. All measures in the study were self-reported.ResultsThe proportion of students with depressive symptoms and severe depressive symptoms were 50.6% and 19.6%, respectively. After adjustment in multivariate logistic regression analysis, depressive symptoms remained significantly associated with poor academic performance (adjusted OR (AOR)=7.31, 95% CI 2.24 to 23.86), higher consumption of unhealthy food (AOR=1.72, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.76), a negative self-perception about body shape (AOR=0.54, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.99) and general health status (AOR=2.99, 95% CI 1.28 to 7.00), and limited physical activeness (AOR=0.30, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.58). Depressive symptoms also remained significantly associated with adverse childhood experiences including physical violence (AOR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86), psychological abuse (AOR=1.82, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.42) and lack of general and medical care (AOR=0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.86) by family during childhood.ConclusionsThe key factors associated with depressive symptoms were family related and individual behaviours and attitudes. Thus, efforts should be invested in comprehensive screening and intervention programmes to diagnose those vulnerable students early, offer immediate treatment and cater appropriate support.

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