Effect of Morus alba leaf extract dose on lipid oxidation, microbiological stability, and sensory evaluation of functional liver pâtés during refrigerated storage

Mulberry (Morus alba L.), and above all the extract from the leaves of this plant, is a natural medicine that has been used in traditional medicine for hundreds of years. Mulberry leaves contains polyphenol compounds: flavonoids, coumarins, numerous phenolic acids, as well as terpenes and steroids. The antioxidant effect of these compounds may be beneficial to the fat fraction of meat products, thereby increasing their functional qualities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of mulberry water leaf extract, as an additive limiting adverse fat changes and affecting the functionality in model liver pâtés. Pork pâtés were prepared by replacing 20% of animal fat with rapeseed oil (RO), and water extract of mulberry leaves was added in the proportion of 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.0%. It has been shown that the addition of mulberry leaf extract delayed the appearance of primary and secondary fat oxidation products. The most effective antioxidant effect during 15-day storage was observed in the sample with the addition of 0.6% and 1.0% water mulberry leaf extract. These samples also showed inhibiting activity against angiotensin-converting enzymes and cholinesterase’s. During storage, the tested pâtés had a high sensory quality with unchanged microbiological quality. Mulberry leaf extract can be an interesting addition to the production of fat meat products, delaying adverse changes in the lipid fraction and increasing the functionality of products.

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PENGARUH ISOPROPIL MYRISTAT SEBAGAI BAHAN PENINGKAT PENETRASI TERHADAP LAJU DIFUSI KRIM PEMUTIH EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L)

Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ◽

10.51352/jim.v3i1.89 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Nurul Arfiyanti Yusuf ◽

Aisyah Fatmawaty

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Rate ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Penetration Enhancers ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Studies ◽

Before And After ◽

Franz Diffusion Cells

The research has conducted research on the effectiveness of isopropyl myristat as a penetration enhancer on the diffusion rate of whitening cream mulberry leaf extract (Morus alba L) in vitro. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of isopropyl myristat. Mulberry leaf extract cream made with varying concentrations respectively 3%, 4%, 5% Isopropyl myristat as penetration enhancers made into 3 formulas (F1-F4) with the F1 without penetration enhancers. Evaluation of stability before and after accelerated storage includes observation of the organoleptic, emulsion type determination, measurement of pH, and viscosity. The evaluation results indicate four physically stable formula. In vitro diffusion studies conducted by Franz diffusion cells and footage is measured at a wavelength of 367.4 nm. The results of diffusion studies show that formula with the highest diffusion rate of 0.024 µg/minute on F4 (5% isopropyl myristat).

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Effect of Morus alba L. Ethanol Leaves Extract on Conjunctivitis Wistar Rats Model by Staphylococcus aureus

Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences ◽

10.19184/ams.v7i1.7299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Gama Wisnu Sanjaya ◽

Cicih Komariah ◽

Dini Agustina

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Control Group ◽

Bacterial Conjunctivitis ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

Conjunctivitis is inflammation in the conjunctiva, with clinical signs of exudation, cellular infiltration, and vascular dilatation. In adults, Staphylococcus species are the most common pathogenic bacteria resulting in bacterial conjunctivitis. Previous studies in vitro, explaining that mulberry leaf extract can inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mulberry leaf ethanol extract (Morus alba L.) on wistar mice conjunctivitis model by S. aureus. This type of research is true experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The 24-wistar mice were adapted for 7 days. On day 8, a conjunctivitis induction was performed with 1.5 x 108 CFU / ml of S. aureus at 1 drop every 10 minutes for 1 hour (left 3 days) until conjunctivitis . On day 12 until day 19 (7 days), given mulberry leaf extract 45%, 55%, 65% and 75%. The results of TPC S. aureus logarithm on MSA medium of the 11th (pretest) day conjunctival swab and the 17th day (posttest) of rat adaptation were K (-) (5.70 and 4.07); K (+) (5.78 and 3.31); P1 (5.65 and 3.78); P2 (5.63 and 3.82); P3 (5.84 and 3.74); and P4 (5.69 and 3.63), with the posttest group there was improvement in conjunctivitis symptoms rather than the pretest group. The result of One Way Way Anova data analysis showed significant result at pretest p = 0,002 and posttest p = 0,046 (p <0,05) and paired t-test got significant result p = 0,000 (p <0,05). From this study it can be concluded that mulberry leaf extract (Morus alba L.) has the effect of decreasing the number of colonies of S. aureus bacteria and improving symptoms of conjunctivitis. Keywords: mulberry leaf extract, conjunctivitis, S. aureus

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Uji Daya Hambat Formula Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Murbei (Morus alba L.) Sebagai Anti Acne Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acne.

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2019.v5.i2.13663 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 206-213

Author(s):

Ahmad Irsyad Aliah ◽

Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽

Nurjannah Bachri

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Bacterial Activity ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Propionibacterium Acne ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract ◽

Agar Diffusion Method

A research on the inhibition of formula gel test ethanol extract of leaves of mulberry (Morus alba L.) as an anti-acne against bacteria Propionibacterium acne. This study uses a gel formulation made using mulberry leaf extract (Morus alba L.), which aims to determine the inhibition of antibacterial gel mulberry leaf extract (Morus alba L.) against the bacteria Propionibacterium acne. Gel made three dosage concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6%. Testing inhibition of antibacterial gel agar diffusion method. Test Antibacterial inhibition obtained by looking at the clear zone in the medium and measured using calipers. The results showed that the inhibition of antibacterial gel formulation with a concentration of 2%, 4% and 6% showing that inhibiting bacterial activity.

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KEMAMPUAN DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Aspergillus flavus

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) ◽

10.24843/itepa.2020.v09.i03.p02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 262

Author(s):

Aditya Yusril Hidayat ◽

Agus Selamet Duniaji ◽

Komang Ayu Nocianitri

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Strong Inhibition ◽

Extract Concentration ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The aim of this research to determine the ability of mulberry leaf extract (Morus alba) to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus. This research used completely Randomized Design with control treatment (without extract) and treatment of mulberry leaf extract concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%. The experiment were repeated 2 times and resulting in 22 experimental units. The data were presented in descriptive statistic with tables, and figure. The results showed that the extract of mulberry leaf inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus with optimal concentration 80% with an average 11.95 mm and strong inhibition categories.

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Effects of Morus alba L. (Mulberry) Leaf Extract in Hypercholesterolemic Mice on Suppression of Cholesterol Synthesis

Journal of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products ◽

10.4172/2472-0992.1000113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kobayashi Y ◽

Miyazawa M

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Cholesterol Synthesis ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

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Effects of Murbei Leaf Extract (Morus alba L.) on Malondialdehyde (MDA) Eye Lens in Rats (Rattus novergicus) Cataract Model

Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences ◽

10.19184/ams.v4i3.6785 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 153

Author(s):

Ema Fawziyah Ulfah ◽

Cicih Komariah ◽

Ulfa Elfiah

Keyword(s):

Sodium Selenite ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Eye Lens ◽

Control Group ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

Cataract is a degenerative disease and one of the leading causes of blindness in Indonesia and in the world. Free radical formation leads to pathological reactions in the lens that can induce lipid peroxidation that produces malondialdehyde (MDA). Mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.) is one of the plants rich in antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and effective dose of mulberry leaf extract on MDA content of eye lens in rats cataract model. This study is true experimental with posttest only control group design. This study used 7 groups, each 5 tails. Normal control groups were not treated. The negative control group induced sodium selenite 25 μmol / kgBW and was given 0.1% HPMC eye drops. The treatment group induced sodium selenite 25 μmol / kgBB and given 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% mulberry leaf extract for 14 days. Measurement of MDA lens concentration are using MDA-TBA method. Data analyzed by using one way Anova test showed significant result with value p = 0,000 (p <0,05). Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that mulberry leaf extract has an effect on decreasing MDA lens in rats cataract model. Among the concentrations used, the concentrations that showed the lowest decrease in MDA concentration were 0.4%.Keywords: cataract, sodium selenite, malondialdehid, Morus alba L

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UJI DAYA HAMBAT FORMULA GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L.) SEBAGAI ANTI ACNE TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne.

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.13663 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 206

Author(s):

Ahmad Irsyad Aliah ◽

Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽

Nurjannah Bachri

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Bacterial Activity ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Propionibacterium Acne ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract ◽

Agar Diffusion Method

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High hydrostatic pressure extract of mulberry leaves ameliorates hypercholesterolemia via modulating hepatic microRNA-33 expression and AMPK activity in high cholesterol diet fed rats

Food & Nutrition Research ◽

10.29219/fnr.v65.7587 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eunyoung Lee ◽

Mak-Soon Lee ◽

Eugene Chang ◽

Chong-Tai Kim ◽

Ae-Jin Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

High Hydrostatic Pressure ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Bile Acid Synthesis ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Mulberry Leaves ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

Background: Mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.) contains multiple bioactive ingredients and has been used in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing has been developed for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants. However, the hypocholesterolemic effect of the HHP extract from mulberry leaves and its underlying mechanism have never been investigated. Objective: The specific aim of the present study was to investigate the hypocholesterolemic property of a novel extract obtained from mulberry leaves under HHP in rats. Design: Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups and fed either a normal diet (NOR), a high cholesterol diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid (HC), an HC diet containing 0.5% mulberry leaf extract (ML), or a 1% mulberry leaf extract (MH) for 4 weeks. Results: High hydrostatic pressure extract of mulberry leaves significantly reduced the HC-increased serum levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and hepatic contents of TG and TC. The HHP extraction from mulberry leaves also increased the HC-decreased fecal TC and bile acid levels without changing body weight, food intake, liver weight, and serum activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) (P < 0.05). The mulberry leaf extract significantly enhanced the expression of hepatic genes such as cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), and ATP-binding cassette transporters, ABCG5/ABCG8, involved in hepatic bile acid synthesis and cholesterol efflux (P < 0.05). In addition, the HHP extraction of mulberry leaves significantly suppressed hepatic microRNA(miR)-33 expression and increased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that the HHP extract of mulberry leaves lowers serum cholesterol levels by partially increasing hepatic bile acid synthesis and fecal cholesterol excretion through the modulation of miR- 33 expression and AMPK activation in the liver.

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