scholarly journals Maternal satisfaction with intrapartum care and associated factors among postpartum women at public hospitals of North Shoa Zone Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260710
Author(s):  
Mulualem Silesh ◽  
Tesfanesh Lemma
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Maternal Satisfaction ◽  
Intrapartum Care ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

Background Maternal satisfaction is an essential indicator of the quality and the efficiency of the health care systems. At a time when efforts are being made globally to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, assessing maternal satisfaction is essential. There is a dearth of studies on maternal satisfaction with intrapartum care, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to assess maternal satisfaction with intrapartum care and associated factors among postpartum women at public hospitals of North Shoa Zone Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study with a systematic random sampling technique was conducted from May1-30/ 2020. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences version 25. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were employed. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, level of statistical significance was declared at variables with p < 0.05 and the strength of the association was measured by an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result Of the total 394 participants, 111 (28.2%) [95% CI: 23.9, 32.5] of postpartum women were satisfied with the intrapartum care. Place of residence [AOR: 1.934; 95% CI (1.183, 3.162)], planned status of the pregnancy [AOR: 2.245; 95% CI, (1.212, 4.158)], number of antenatal care visit [AOR: 2.389; 95% (1.437, 3.974)] and duration of labour [AOR: 2.463; 95% (1.378, 4.402)] were factors significantly associated with maternal satisfaction with intrapartum care. Conclusion The proportion of maternal satisfaction with intrapartum care was low. Therefore, designing strategies to enhance maternal satisfaction by strengthening adherence to antenatal care visits, provision of family planning to prevent unplanned pregnancy, and strict utilization of partograph to prevent prolonged labour and childbirth-related complications are crucial.

scholarly journals Assessment of Maternal Satisfaction and Associated Factors among Parturients Who Underwent Cesarean Delivery under Spinal Anesthesia at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Samuel Debas Bayable ◽  
Seid Adem Ahmed ◽  
Girmay Fitiwi Lema ◽  
Debas Yaregal Melesse
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Anesthetic Technique ◽  
Spinal Block ◽  
Maternal Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

Background. Spinal anesthesia is the most common anesthetic technique for cesarean delivery. Patient satisfaction is a subjective and complicated concept, involving physical, emotional, psychological, social, and cultural factors. Regular evaluation of maternal satisfaction related to anesthesia service is an important parameter to the required changes and expansion of high-quality care services. We aimed to assess maternal satisfaction and associated factors among parturients who underwent cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Methods. Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2019. A total of 383 parturients were enrolled to assess maternal satisfaction using a 5-point Likert scale. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. Variables of p value ≤0.2 in the bivariable analysis were a candidate for multivariable logistic regression. A p value <0.05 was considered as significantly associated with maternal satisfaction at 95% CI. Results. This study revealed that 315 (82.3%) of the parturients were satisfied. Single spinal prick attempts (AOR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.05–4.11), successful spinal block (AOR = 7.17, 95% CI = 3.33–15.43), less incidence of postdural puncture headache (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.33–4.20), and prophylactic antiemetic use (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.19–0.66) were positively associated with maternal satisfaction. Conclusions. The overall maternal satisfaction receiving spinal anesthesia was considerably low. Single spinal prink attempts, successful spinal block, and less incidence of postural puncture headache can increase maternal satisfaction. Therefore, effective perioperative management, skillful techniques, and using the small-gauge Quincke spinal needle (25–27 gauge) may increase the maternal satisfaction and quality of spinal anesthesia management.

Newborn Mortality And Its Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted At Public Hospitals In Afar Region; A Health Facility Based Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
abay woday ◽  
Yohannes Mekuria ◽  
Christine St Denis
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Afar Region ◽  
Assisted Delivery

Abstract Background: Neonatal mortality is a public health issue in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. Unfortunately, the issue is noticeably under-reported and underestimated, so the true gravity of the situation cannot be acknowledged. Subsequently, Afar in Ethiopia contributes the largest burden of under-five mortality when compared to other regions in the country. Regrettably, there is no current information to the rates and predictors of neonatal mortality for the region even for the health facilities. Thus, this study aims to assess neonatal mortality and associated factors in pastoral region, Afar region. Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May 1st 2015 - May 2nd 2019. Medical records were reviewed and audited for both mothers and neonates to collect data using a standardized data extraction checklist. The medical records were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Binary logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% Confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between neonatal mortality and associated factors. Finally, the statistical significance level was declared at a p-value <0.05. Results: In this study, 391 medical records of neonates were included with the data complete rate of 97.02%. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 14.6% (95% CI 11.0%-18.4%) with mortality rate of 35.5 per 1000 live births. A multivariable logistic regression showed that the lack of antenatal care (ANC) follow up (AOR = 5.92; 95%CI 2.34, 14.97: P<0.001), giving birth through cesarean section (AOR=3.52; 95%CI 1.22, 10.12: P<0.05), giving birth through assisted delivery (AOR=3.28 (1.14, 9.46): P<0.05), having a temperature less than 36.5oC within the first hour of admission (AOR= 5.89; 95%CI 2.32, 14.94: P<0.001), and perinatal asphyxia (AOR= 6.67; 95%CI 2.35, 18.89: P<0.001) were significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Conclusion: This study revealed that the rate of neonatal mortality is still too high compared to the studies conducted in non-pastoral regions of the nation. Thus, the health facilities should give due attention to improve antenatal care, neonatal resuscitation and follow the standard of care protocol for admitted neonates. Additional community based studies supported with qualitative methods are recommended.

scholarly journals Maternal Satisfaction towards Childhood Immunization Service and Its Associated Factors in Wadla District, North Wollo, Ethiopia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus ◽  
Nega Tezera Assimamaw ◽  
Netsanet Tsegaye GebereEgziabher ◽  
Bisrat Zeleke Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Maternal Satisfaction ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Immunization Service ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
North Wollo

Background. Maternal satisfaction is considered one of the most frequently used indicators to measure the quality and efficiency of childhood immunization service. Evaluating maternal satisfaction towards childhood immunization service is very relevant as it likely affects the clinical and revisit adherence, service quality, and its coverage. In countries like Ethiopia, where childhood immunization coverage is below average (39%) with low maternal satisfaction on the service, identifying factors associated with maternal satisfaction is very critical. Despite the acknowledgement made on the importance of maternal satisfaction for the successful provision of child immunization services, there is limited knowledge in Ethiopia on its contributing factors. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess maternal satisfaction towards childhood immunization service and its associated factors among mothers’ having children aged less than 1 year in Wadla district, North Wollo, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 682 mothers from March to April 2019 in Wadla district, North Wollo, Ethiopia. A two-stage cluster sampling technique was used to select households of the study participants. A pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. During the period of data collection, every questionnaire was cross-checked and the collected data were checked for completeness and consistency on a daily basis. Then, the cleaned data was coded and entered in to Epi Info software version 7.2.2.2 and exported to SPSS software version 23.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysies were done to identify variables having a significant association with maternal satisfaction. Variables with a p value of ≤ 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI were considered having a statistically significant association during multivariable logistic regression analysis. Then, the findings were presented using tables, graphs, and charts. Result. The overall proportion of maternal satisfaction towards childhood immunization service was found to be 68.2% [95%CI=64.7%−71.7%]. The finding revealed that attending secondary education [adjusted odds ratio AOR=0.26; 95%CI=0.13−0.53], being divorced [AOR=0.46; 95%CI=0.23−0.91], and having favorable attitude towards child immunization [AOR=1.58; 95%CI=1.05–2.33] were found to be significantly associated with maternal satisfaction. Furthermore, the multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that short waiting time before receiving service [AOR=1.83; 95%CI=1.21−2.79], greeting from care providers, [AOR=5.69; 95%CI=3.36−9.65], having information about the current vaccine [AOR=2.03; 95%CI=1.25−3.32], dose of vaccine [AOR=2.24; 95%CI=1.40−3.58], and next immunization schedule [AOR=3.21; 95%CI=1.70−6.04] were also significantly associated with maternal satisfaction towards childhood immunization services. Conclusion and Recommendation. Generally, the study showed that more than two-thirds of the mothers were satisfied by the immunization service rendered. The level of satisfaction was higher with respect to the health workers’ relationship, communication, and immunization system aspects. However, more efforts need to be put towards improving the service waiting time for immunization, and provision of health information and communication is also recommended to enhance the level of favorable attitude among mothers towards childhood immunization services.

scholarly journals Neonatal Mortality And Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted In Public Hospitals, Afar Pastoral Region: A Health Facility Based Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
abay woday ◽  
Yohannes Mekuria ◽  
Christine St Denis
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Assisted Delivery

Abstract Background: Neonatal mortality is a public health issue in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. Unfortunately, the issue is noticeably under-reported and underestimated, so the true gravity of the situation cannot be acknowledged. Subsequently, Afar in Ethiopia contributes the largest burden of under-five mortality when compared to other regions in the country. Regrettably, there is no current information to the rates and predictors of neonatal mortality for the region even for the health facilities. Thus, this study aims to assess neonatal mortality and associated factors in pastoral region, Afar region. Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May 1st 2015 - May 2nd 2019. Medical records were reviewed and audited for both mothers and neonates to collect data using a standardized data extraction checklist. The medical records were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Binary logistic regression with odds ratio and 95% Confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between neonatal mortality and associated factors. Finally, the statistical significance level was declared at a p-value <0.05. Results: In this study, 391 medical records of neonates were included with the data complete rate of 97.02%. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 14.6% (95% CI 11.0%-18.4%) with mortality rate of 35.5 per 1000 live births. A multivariable logistic regression showed that the lack of antenatal care (ANC) follow up (AOR = 5.92; 95%CI 2.34, 14.97: P<0.001), giving birth through cesarean section (AOR=3.52; 95%CI 1.22, 10.12: P<0.05), giving birth through assisted delivery (AOR=3.28 (1.14, 9.46): P<0.05), having a temperature less than 36.5oC within the first hour of admission (AOR= 5.89; 95%CI 2.32, 14.94: P<0.001), and perinatal asphyxia (AOR= 6.67; 95%CI 2.35, 18.89: P<0.001) were significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Conclusion: This study revealed that the rate of neonatal mortality is still too high compared to the studies conducted in non-pastoral regions of the nation. Thus, the health facilities should give due attention to improve antenatal care, neonatal resuscitation and follow the standard of care protocol for admitted neonates. Additional community based studies supported with qualitative methods are recommended.

scholarly journals Respectful focused antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women who visit Shashemene town public hospitals, Oromia region, Ethiopia: a cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Adane ◽  
Agegnehu Bante ◽  
Biresaw Wassihun
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Focused Antenatal Care ◽  
Respectful Care

Abstract Background Focused antenatal care is the most significant and inclusive care given to pregnant women to promote and maintain the optimal health of the mother and the fetus. Providing respectful care during focused antenatal care is believed to be the most important cost-effective interventions to increase maternity service utilization. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess respectful focused antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women who visit Shashemene town public hospitals, Oromia region, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July-August, 2019. A total of 423 pregnant mothers were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data entry and analysis were made using Epi Info version™ 7 and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0 respectively. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. Statistical significance was declared at a p value of < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level. Results A total of 420 women have participated in the study, making a response rate of 99.5%. About 63% of participants received respectful care during focused antenatal care. Having no formal education [AOR = 8.3(95%CI 9.85–17.47)], low average monthly income [AOR = 3.16 (95%CI 1.52–6.57)], having unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 9.90 (95%CI 3.48–8.16)] and being multigravida [AOR = 8.82 (95%CI 2.90–6.80)] were significantly associated with respectful focused antenatal care. Conclusions The study findings indicate that respondents’ respectful focused antenatal care is mainly affected by educational level, average family monthly income, having an unplanned pregnancy, and gravidity. Providing acceptable, quality, and honorable care for all women regardless of educational status, family income, and status of pregnancy is very crucial to entice more mothers to the health facility.

scholarly journals Predictors of Anxiety-Induced Sleep Disturbance among in-School Adolescents in Ghana: Evidence from the 2012 Global School-Based Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Richard Gyan Aboagye ◽  
Francis Arthur-Holmes ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
James Boadu Frimpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
School Based ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

(1) Background: Psychological problems of adolescents have become a global health and safety concern. Empirical evidence has shown that adolescents experience diverse mental health conditions (e.g., anxiety, depression, and emotional disorders). However, research on anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents has received less attention, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study’s central focus was to examine factors associated with t anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents in Ghana. (2) Methods: Analysis was performed using the 2012 Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). A sample of 1342 in-school adolescents was included in the analysis. The outcome variable was anxiety-induced sleep disturbance reported during the past 12 months. Frequencies, percentages, chi-square, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results from the multivariable logistic regression analysis were presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and with a statistical significance declared at p < 0.05. (3) Results: Adolescents who went hungry were more likely to report anxiety-induced sleep disturbance compared to their counterparts who did not report hunger (aOR = 1.68, CI = 1.10, 2.57). The odds of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance were higher among adolescents who felt lonely compared to those that never felt lonely (aOR = 2.82, CI = 1.98, 4.01). Adolescents who had sustained injury were more likely to have anxiety-induced sleep disturbance (aOR = 1.49, CI = 1.03, 2.14) compared to those who had no injury. Compared to adolescents who never had suicidal ideations, those who reported experiencing suicidal ideations had higher odds of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance (aOR = 1.68, CI = 1.05, 2.71). (4) Conclusions: Anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents were significantly influenced by the psychosocial determinants such as hunger, loneliness, injury, and suicidal ideation in this study. The findings can help design appropriate interventions through effective strategies (e.g., early school-based screening, cognitive-behavioral therapy, face-face counseling services) to reduce psychosocial problems among in-school adolescents in Ghana.

scholarly journals Prevalence of postpartum family planning utilization and associated factors among postpartum mothers in Arba Minch town, South Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biresaw Wassihun ◽  
Kidist Wosen ◽  
Asmare Getie ◽  
Kalkidan Belay ◽  
Rehal Tesfaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Postpartum Family Planning ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Contraception allows women to realize their human right to decide if and when to have children and helps people to attain their desired family size. Yet 214 million women of a reproductive age in developing countries who want to avoid pregnancy are not using a modern contraceptive method. Women who have recently given birth are among the group with the highest unmet need for contraception. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum family planning use and associated factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A structured and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from study participants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique by allocating proportionally to each health facility. The data was entered using EPI data version 3.1statistical software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for further analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. P values < 0.05 with 95% confidence level was used to declare statistica significance. Result Overall, 44% of postpartum women utilize postpartum family planning. Having an antenatal care visit [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.89(95%CI, 2.42–7.90), having planned pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.17(95%CI, 1.60–2.28)], being married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.86(1.94–8.73), and having a college and above level educational status (AOR) =1.66(1.28–3.55) were significantly associated with utilization of postpartum family planning. Conclusion This study showed that the prevalence of postpartum family planning was 44%. Marital status, educational status of mothers, the status of pregnancy, and having an antenatal care follow-up during pregnancy were some factors associated with postpartum family planning utilization. Therefore, strengthening family planning counselling during antenatal and postnatal care visits, improving utilization of postnatal care services and improving women’s educational status are crucial steps to enhance contraceptive use among postpartum women.

scholarly journals Infertility and associated factors in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1985-95
Author(s):  
Thomas Obinchemti Egbe ◽  
Charmaine Ngo Mbaki ◽  
Nicholas Tendongfor ◽  
Elvis Temfack ◽  
Eugene Belley-Priso
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
History Of

Aim: We determined the prevalence and factors associated with couple infertility in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 18th 2015 to March 18th 2016 in three public hospitals in Douala. Three hundred and sixty participants were studied prospectively for associated fac- tors using a multivariate logistic regression model and 4732 files were studied retrospectively for the prevalence of infertility. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of couple infertility was 19.2%. In logistic models, the factors which independently increased the risk of couple infertility were a history of reproductive tract infection/STI, a history of uterine fibroids, a history of dys- menorrhea and abortion for the females while for males it was a history of mumps, erectile dysfunction and exposure to chemicals/toxic substances/pesticides. Conclusion: One in every five couples in this study was infertile. Several factors affect the risks associated with couple in- fertility. The identification of these factors could help detect subgroups of couples at high risk of infertility. Reproductive health education, screening programmes for STI’s that may lead to infertility should be offered to couples. Keywords: Couple infertility; prevalence; associated factors; Douala; Cameroon.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Onchocerciasis and Associated Factors among Adults Aged ≥ 15 Years in Semen Bench District, Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedilu Kifle ◽  
Kifle Woldemichael ◽  
Mamo Nigatu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Bivariate Logistic Regression

Background. Though onchocerciasis control and elimination through community directed treatment with ivermectin were conducted for the last fifteen years, prevalence of onchocerciasis and factors associated with it in the study area are yet not known. The aim of the current study is to assess prevalence of onchocerciasis and associated factors among adults aged greater than or equal to fifteen years in Semen Bench district, Bench Maji zone, southwest Ethiopia: community based cross-sectional study 2018. Methods. Community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 553 study participants selected by multistage sampling in April 2018. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize dependent and independent variables. Bivariate logistic regression was done to select candidate variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of onchocerciasis infection. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated to assess association and statistical significance, respectively. Confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance. Result. The overall prevalence of onchocerciasis infection in the study area was 6.32%. Age category of 35-44 years (AOR: 13.48, 95%CI: 3.51, 51.76), age of 45 years and above (AOR: 9.41, 95% CI: 2.26, 39.06), male sex (AOR 4.568, 95% C.I: 1.622, 12.861), not being compliant with ivermectin treatment (AOR: 3.804, 95%CI: 1.524, 9.49), and residing at less than 2Km from the river (AOR: 9.15, 95%CI: 3.9, 21.49) were significantly associated with onchocerciasis infection. Conclusion and Recommendation. After more than a decade of treatment with ivermectin, onchocerciasis in the study area is still hypoendemic. Zonal health department and other stakeholders should evaluate therapeutic coverage and community directed treatment with ivermectin in the study area. Zonal health department with other stokeholds should give community based information education communication, giving due attention to older ages, male residents, and those living near the rivers. Further community based study should also be done to identify factors hindering the community compliance with the treatment.

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