scholarly journals Queen triggerfish Balistes vetula: Validation of otolith-based age, growth, and longevity estimates via application of bomb radiocarbon

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262281
Author(s):  
Virginia R. Shervette ◽  
Jesús M. Rivera Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Age Estimates

Ensuring the accuracy of age estimation in fisheries science through validation is an essential step in managing species for long-term sustainable harvest. The current study used Δ14 C in direct validation of age estimation for queen triggerfish Balistes vetula and conclusively documented that triggerfish sagittal otoliths provide more accurate and precise age estimates relative to dorsal spines. Caribbean fish samples (n = 2045) ranged in size from 67–473 mm fork length (FL); 23 fish from waters of the southeastern U.S. (SEUS) Atlantic coast ranged in size from 355–525 mm FL. Otolith-based age estimates from Caribbean fish range from 0–23 y, dorsal spine-based age estimates ranged from 1–14 y. Otolith-based age estimates for fish from the SEUS ranged from 8–40 y. Growth function estimates from otoliths in the current study (L∞ = 444, K = 0.13, t0 = -1.12) differed from spined-derived estimates in the literature. Our work indicates that previously reported maximum ages for Balistes species based on spine-derived age estimates may underestimate longevity of these species since queen triggerfish otolith-based ageing extended maximum known age for the species by nearly three-fold (14 y from spines versus 40 y from otoliths). Future research seeking to document age and growth population parameters of Balistes species should strongly consider incorporating otolith-based ageing in the research design.

Age and Growth of the Shortfin Mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, Using Four Methods

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1944-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold L. Pratt Jr. ◽  
John G. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Isurus Oxyrinchus ◽  
Shortfin Mako ◽  
Age Estimates

Age and growth rate of shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, captured by hook and line between 1961 and 1981 were determined using four methods: (1) temporal analysis of length–month information, (2) results of tagging data, (3) length–frequency analysis, and (4) ring counts on vertebrae. A temporal analysis of length–month information relating size to age for individuals less than 150 cm fork length (FL) was used to determine size (60–70 cm FL), time of birth (late spring), and early growth rate (50 cm/yr for ages 0–I, 32 cm/yr for ages I–II). This growth rate was used as a basis for interpreting the accuracy of other methods. Annual growth rates were calculated from 32 tag–recaptured mako sharks and resolved graphically into a growth curve. Length–frequency modes extended age estimates to intermediate-sized makos. Counts of growth rings on vertebral centra stained with silver nitrate were employed to back-calculate lengths at ages for the full range (69–328 cm). Our interpretation was based on the hypothesis that two rings are formed on the centrum each year; these age estimates agreed well with results from other methods. Males and females had a similar growth rate even though females grow much larger than males. The oldest female in the sample was 11.5 yr at 328 cm. The oldest male was 4.5 yr at 225 cm. The von Bertalanffy asymptotic growth function adequately described shortfin mako growth: male L∞ = 302 cm, K = 0.266, t0 = −1; female L∞ = 345 cm, K = 0.203, t0 = −1.

Age, growth and mortality of redfish Centroberyx affinis

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Morison ◽  
K. R. Rowling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Estimates

Age and growth of 5678 redfish, collected during 1991–98 from Australia’s South East Fishery, were estimated from thin sections of otoliths. A maximum age of 44 years was recorded for a 30 cm (fork length) female, but 80%of females in the commercial catch were <10 years, and 80%of males were <13 years. The largest was a 34 cm female estimated to be 36 years old. Repeated age estimates of a subsample revealed an average error of 3.79%. There was significant variation in the mean length-at-age among years, and there were significant effects for age*year, age*sex, age*region, region*year, and sex*region*year interactions. Assessments of the fishery have assumed a single stock, because tagging results from the 1980s indicate movement of redfish along the coast. This study found consistent differences in sex ratio and growth rate between regions, which indicate some structuring within the population. However, the differences in growth rates are not consistent among years and could not be explained by differences in depths fished, suggesting a more dynamic situation than spatially segregated stocks. Estimates of natural mortality ranged from 0.07 to 0.11 year–1 and differed between regions.

scholarly journals Bomb radiocarbon dating of three important reef-fish species using Indo-Pacific Δ14C chronologies

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
John M. Kalish ◽  
Stephen J. Newman ◽  
Justine M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Reef Fish Species ◽  
Age Estimates

Demersal reef fishes of the Indo-Pacific are under increasing pressure as a fisheries resource, yet many of the important life history characteristics required for suitable management are poorly known. The three fish species, eightbar grouper (Hyporthodus octofasciatus), ruby snapper (Etelis carbunculus) and the spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus), are important components of fisheries and ecosystems throughout the Indo-Pacific. Despite their importance, age and growth information is incomplete. Age has been estimated for E. carbunculus and L. nebulosus, but validated age beyond the first few years is lacking and for H. octofasciatus no age estimates exist. Bomb radiocarbon dating can provide age estimates that are independent of growth-zone counting, but only if appropriate reference Δ14C chronologies exist. In this study, a series of Δ14C records from hermatypic corals was assembled to provide a basis for bomb radiocarbon dating in the western Indo-Pacific region. Results provided (1) valid age estimates for comparison to age estimates from two facilities investigating growth-zones in otolith thin sections; (2) support for age estimation protocols using otolith thin sections; and (3) the information necessary for further refinement of age estimation procedures. Estimates of longevity from bomb radiocarbon dating agree with some prior studies: H. octofasciatus, E. carbunculus and L. nebulosus all being long-lived species with life spans of at least 43, 35 and 28 years respectively.

scholarly journals Age and growth of Niagara River Lake Sturgeon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonah L Withers ◽  
Dimitry Gorsky ◽  
Zy Biesinger ◽  
Donald Einhouse ◽  
Michael Clancy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Lake Sturgeon ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Niagara River ◽  
Age Estimates

Knowledge of the distribution of ages of fish within a stock, and subsequently individual growth rates, allows managers the ability to calculate key metrics (i.e., recruitment, mortality, and stock growth rate) that greatly improve stock assessment models. Two remnant stocks of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens exist near and within the Niagara River; one primarily occupying the headwaters of the river and the other primarily occupying the mouth of the river. Though initial efforts in the late 1990s collected data on the lower Niagara River stock, a long-term, comprehensive examination of age and growth is lacking and the age structure of the stock found at the headwaters has yet to be formally described to our knowledge. To ascertain the current age structure of these two stocks we sampled Lake Sturgeon in the lower Niagara River and at the headwaters of the Niagara River between 2012 and 2017 and took a portion of the leading pectoral fin spine of captured Lake Sturgeon for age estimation. Ages ranged between 4 and 42 years with females generally being older and larger than males. The median age appeared to increase from 14 to 18 years old throughout our study in both stocks. Lengths-at-age of both stocks were larger than those reported in other systems and growth rates appear to have increased over the past decade in the lower Niagara River. Despite efforts to improve age estimation accuracy, age estimates from fish whose ages were partly-known (derived from multiple age estimates from fish that were captured multiple times) demonstrated assigned ages may have greater error than expected. Additionally, a lack of young individuals confounded growth analyses. Although there was uncertainty in the assigned ages, this study still provides evidence of consistent recruitment in both stocks and, to our knowledge, the first characterization of the age structure of the Lake Sturgeon stock occupying the headwaters of the Niagara River.

scholarly journals Age and growth of pompano, Trachinotus ovatus, from the Strait of Messina (central Mediterranean Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Danilo Malara ◽  
Francesco Longo ◽  
Luca Pagano ◽  
Maria Giulia Stipa ◽  
Teresa Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Trachinotus Ovatus ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Model ◽  
The Relationship

This is the first paper to provide detailed information on the age and growth of Trachinotus ovatus. The size of the 244 individuals collected in the Strait of Messina ranged from 2.7 to 30.4 cm in fork length (LF) and 0.31 to 508.6 g in body mass (M). The relationship between these parameters (M - LF) was investigated and showed a good fit. Age estimation based on vertebrae and otoliths yielded similar results, suggesting a maximum age of five years. However, the precision and accuracy tests, such as percentage of agreement (PA), mean coefficient of variation (ACV) and average percent error (APE) indicated that the otolith readings (97.83% PA, 0.54% ACV and 0.38% APE) were more reliable for age estimation than vertebrae readings (82.17% PA, 5.33% ACV and 3.77% APE). The multi-model inference approach allowed us to compare different non-linear growth models. The von Bertalanffy model (L∞=29.139, k=0.496 and t0=−0.347) fitted the length-at-age data best. This species has a relatively rapid growth and an estimated longevity of five to seven years. This information could be used for management and first stock assessment studies on T. ovatus in the Mediterranean Sea.

Estimates of age and growth of ocean perch, Helicolenus percoides Richardson, in south-eastern Australian waters

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
AF Withell ◽  
JW Wankowski
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Growth Function ◽  
Immature Fish ◽  
Age Estimates

Methods of age determination, age and the parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function are described for ocean perch, Helicolenus percoides Richardson, from the continental slope in eastern Bass Strait. Comparison of scales and otoliths revealed the latter to be superior for age estimation. Annuli were used for age determination; 97% of whole otoliths with 2-15 annuli were readable, compared with only 37% of older (15 + annuli) otoliths. Of sectioned otoliths with 15 + annuli, 81% were readable and the oldest age estimated was 42 ( �3) years, compared with only c. 30 years from whole otoliths. For whole otoliths, the precision of intra-reader and inter-reader age estimates was, respectively, 89% and 79% within �1 annulus, and the average error was 4.6% and 5.0%. For sectioned otoliths, intra- and inter-reader precision was, respectively, 60% and 53% within k 1 annulus and the average error was 3.9% and 5.4%. Comparison of age estimates from whole otoliths and sectioned otoliths gave a precision of 84% within �1 annulus and average error of 2.8%. Precision of age determination decreased with increasing age for both methods. Age validation, using Petersen's length-frequency method and a marginal-increment method, was unsuccessful. Mean length-at-age and the values for the parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function were estimated. For female and immature fish: K = 0.107 and L∞ = 44.68 fork length (cm), and for male and immature fish: K = 0.115 and L∞ = 43.19 fork length (cm). The growth of males and females was statistically different.

Validation of age and growth estimates using thin otolith sections from the purple wrasse, Notolabrus fucicola

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme P. Ewing ◽  
Dirk C. Welsford ◽  
Alan R. Jordan ◽  
Colin Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Fork Length ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Growth Function ◽  
Increment Formation ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
The Relationship

The age of Notolabrus fucicola from the east and southeast coasts of Tasmania was estimated from counts of opaque (transmitted light) growth zones in thin transverse sections of sagittal otoliths. The position of the first annulus was validated through the otolith radii of known-age juveniles. Marginal increment analysis was performed by examining the growing edge of otoliths over 2 years. This showed that opaque zones were formed annually and were consistently deposited from late September to early December (spring season), which is coincident with annual increases in somatic growth and water temperature during this season. A criterion was developed to ensure accurate age estimation for individuals sampled during the time of year when deposition of opaque material was incomplete or not apparent. The maximum age estimated was 20 years and the relationship between fork length and age was described by the von Bertalanffy growth function (L∞ = 368 mm, K = 0.116 and t0 = –1.87 for males and L∞ = 385.7 mm, K = 0.109 and t0 = –1.96 for females). The clarity of increment structure and rigorous validation protocol that was adopted minimised the risks associated with using marginal increment analysis to validate the periodicity of increment formation and it provided robust age and growth estimates for N. fucicola in Tasmanian waters.

Physical and Psychological Benefits of Written Emotional Expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The last several decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of individuals suffering from both diagnosable and subsyndromal mental health problems. Consequently, the development of cost-effective treatment methods, accessible to large populations suffering from different forms of mental health problems, became imperative. A very promising intervention is the method of expressive writing (EW), which may be used in both clinically diagnosable cases and subthreshold symptomatology. This method, in which people express their feelings and thoughts related to stressful situations in writing, has been found to improve participants’ long-term psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social functioning. Based on a thorough analysis and synthesis of the published literature (also including most recent meta-analyses), the present paper presents the expressive writing method, its short- and long-term, intra-and interpersonal effects, different situations and conditions in which it has been proven to be effective, the most important mechanisms implied in the process of recovery, advantages, disadvantages, and possible pitfalls of the method, as well as variants of the original technique and future research directions.

Using the Change4Life Disney Branded 10-minute Shake Ups During the COVID-19 ‘Lockdown’

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Budzynski-Seymour ◽  
James Steele ◽  
Michelle Jones
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
The Uk

Physical activity (PA) is considered essential to overall health yet it is consistently reported that children are failing to meet the recommended levels. Due to the bidirectional relationship between affective states and PA, affective responses are a potential predictor to long term engagement. Since late March 2020 the UK government enforced ‘lockdown’ measures to help control the spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19); however, this has impacted children’s PA. Using online resources at home to support PA is now common. The primary aim of this research was to investigate the use of the Change4Life 10-minute Shake Ups to support PA by examining the effects of Disney branding upon children’s (n=32) post activity affective responses and perceived exertion. The secondary was to investigate the effect of the lockdown on PA habits. Children had similar positive affective responses and perceived effort to activities; however, branding was considered to be a key contributing factor based upon qualitative feedback from parents. Children’s PA levels dropped slightly since ‘lockdown’ was imposed; though online resources have been utilised to support PA. The use of immersive elements such as characters and narrative in PA sessions, as well as utilising online resources during ‘lockdown’ appear potentially promising for future research.

Danube Field Excursion 1988: Tritium Content of River Water; Radioactivity of Danube Sediments

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rank ◽  
F. J. Maringer ◽  
W. Papesch ◽  
V. Rajner
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Reactor Accident ◽  
Tritium Content ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Field Excursion

Water, sediment, and fish samples were collected during the Danube excursion 1988, within a coordinated sampling program of the Radiology Working Group of the “Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft Donauforschung ” (K.Hübel, Munich; I. Kurcz, Budapest; D.Rank, Vienna). The H-3 content of the river water and the radioactivity of the bottom sediments were measured at the BVFA Arsenal, Vienna. The determined H-3 content of the Danube water corresponds with the long-term trend in the H-3 content of the hydrosphere; the values lie in the range of 3 Bq/kg downstream from Belgrade, upstream from Belgrade they are about 4 Bq/kg. It was only in the waste water plume of the nuclear power station of Kozloduj that a slightly elevated H-3 value - 6 Bq/kg - was determined. The content of the sediments of artificial radionuclides was found, at the time of the Danube field excursion, to be almost exclusively due to the radioactive material released following the reactor accident at Chernobyl in April 1986 (mainly Cs-137 and Cs-134). As a consequence of the air currents and precipitation conditions prevailing at the time of the accident, the bottom sediments in the lower course of the Danube were less contaminated than those in the upper course. The fine sediments were found to contain over 3000 Bq/kg of Cs-137 in the upper course of the Danube.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document