scholarly journals Timely initiation of antenatal care and its associated factors among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262411
Author(s):  
Adugnaw Zeleke Alem ◽  
Yigizie Yeshaw ◽  
Alemneh Mekuriaw Liyew ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema ◽  
Tesfa Sewunet Alamneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

Background Timely initiation of antenatal care (ANC) is an important component of ANC services that improve the health of the mother and the newborn. Mothers who begin attending ANC in a timely manner, can fully benefit from preventive and curative services. However, evidence in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) indicated that the majority of pregnant mothers did not start their first visit timely. As our search concerned, there is no study that incorporates a large number of sub-Saharan Africa countries. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of timely initiation of ANC and its associated factors in 36 sSA countries. Methods The Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of 36 sSA countries were used for the analysis. The total weighted sample of 233,349 women aged 15–49 years who gave birth in the five years preceding the survey and who had ANC visit for their last child were included. A multi-level logistic regression model was used to examine the individual and community-level factors that influence the timely initiation of ANC. Results were presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results In this study, overall timely initiation of ANC visit was 38.0% (95% CI: 37.8–38.2), ranging from 14.5% in Mozambique to 68.6% in Liberia. In the final multilevel logistic regression model:- women with secondary education (AOR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.11), higher education (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.36, 1.51), women aged 25–34 years (AOR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.23), ≥35 years (AOR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.26, 1.35), women from richest household (AOR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.22), women perceiving distance from the health facility as not a big problem (AOR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.07), women exposed to media (AOR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.26, 1.32), women living in communities with medium percentage of literacy (AOR = 1.51; 95%CI: 1.40, 1.63), and women living in communities with high percentage of literacy (AOR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.38, 1.76) were more likely to initiate ANC timely. However, women who wanted their pregnancy later (AOR = 0.84; 95%CI: 0.82, 0.86), wanted no more pregnancy (AOR = 0.80; 95%CI: 0.77, 0.83), and women residing in the rural area (AOR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.87, 0.92) were less likely to initiate ANC timely. Conclusion Even though the WHO recommends all women initiate ANC within 12 weeks of gestation, sSA recorded a low overall prevalence of timely initiation of ANC. Maternal education, pregnancy intention, residence, age, wealth status, media exposure, distance from health facility, and community-level literacy were significantly associated with timely initiation of ANC. Therefore, intervention efforts should focus on the identified factors in order to improve timely initiation of ANC in sSA. This can be done through the providing information and education to the community on the timing and importance of attending antenatal care and family planning to prevent unwanted pregnancy, especially in rural settings.

scholarly journals Determinants of full childhood immunization among children aged 12–23 months in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis using Demographic and Health Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setegn Muche Fenta ◽  
Hailegebrael Birhan Biresaw ◽  
Kenaw Derebe Fentaw ◽  
Shewayiref Geremew Gebremichael
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the highest under-five mortality and low childhood immunization region in the world. Children in Sub-Saharan Africa are 15 times more likely to die than children from high-income countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, more than half of under-five deaths are preventable through immunization. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinant factors of full childhood immunization among children aged 12–23 months in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods Data for the study was drawn from the Demographic and Health Survey of nine sub-Saharan African countries. A total of 21,448 children were included. The two-level mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to identify the individual and community-level factors associated with full childhood immunization Result The prevalence of full childhood immunization coverage in sub-Saharan Africa countries was 59.40% (95% CI: 58.70, 60.02). The multilevel logistic regression model revealed that secondary and above maternal education (AOR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.53), health facility delivery (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.41, 1.63), fathers secondary education and above (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.48), four and above ANC visits (AOR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.30), PNC visit(AOR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.46, 1.65), rich wealth index (AOR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.40), media exposure (AOR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.18), and distance to health facility is not a big problem (AOR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.28, 1.47) were significantly associated with full childhood immunization. Conclusion The full childhood immunization coverage in sub-Saharan Africa was poor with high inequalities. There is a significant variation between SSA countries in full childhood immunization. Therefore, public health programs targeting uneducated mothers and fathers, rural mothers, poor households, and those who have not used maternal health care services to promote full childhood immunization to improve child health. By enhancing institutional delivery, antenatal care visits and maternal tetanus immunization, the government and other stakeholders should work properly to increase child immunization coverage. Furthermore, policies and programs aimed at addressing cluster variations in childhood immunization need to be formulated and their implementation must be strongly pursued.

scholarly journals Prevalence of violence and associated factors among Youth in Northwest Ethiopia: Community-based Cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alehegn Bishaw Geremew ◽  
Abebaw Addis Gelagay ◽  
Telake Azale Bisetegn ◽  
Yohannes Ayanaw Habitu ◽  
Solomon Mekonen Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Violence as a known serious public health problem affects people in all stages of life, from childhood to the elderly. In society, one of the most visible forms of violence is young people violence, whereas they, adolescents and young adults, are the main victims of such violence. There was limited information on the burden of violence and factors among this age group. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of violence and its associated factors among youth in Northwest, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted to estimate the magnitude of violence among youth in Northwest, Ethiopia. The calculated sample size was 1765. A structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. A multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to get the study participants. Data were entered using Epi Info version 7 and then exported to STATA 14 for data analysis. The bivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine factors associated with violence. Results From the total 1765 representatives of the youth population, 1597 (90.5%) youth participated in the study. Overall, the prevalence of violence among youth aged 15–24 years for the last 12 months was 21.5%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, factors significantly associated with violence were being married and divorced (AOR= 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.79) and (AOR=5.67, 95%CI: 2.93, 10.99), respectively, Living with mother’s only (AOR= 1.85, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.66) and father’s only (AOR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.30, 4.63), and substance use (AOR= 2.38, 95% CI: 1.56, 3.66). Conclusions The prevalence of violence among youth was high compared to other studies. Special emphasis should be given to reduce the burden of youth violence and preventing and controlling the identified factors by modifying the existing policies/strategies or developing new strategies and interventions program. Keywords: Violence, Youth, Physical violence, Sexual violence, Psychological violence

scholarly journals Neonatal near Miss and Its Predictors among Neonates Delivered at Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia; A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Habtamu Abie Tassew ◽  
Fisseha Yetwale Kassie ◽  
Muhabaw Shumye Mihret
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Mortality Reduction ◽  
Neonatal Near Miss

Background. In many low-resource countries, the progress of neonatal mortality reduction is very slow. The scenario is notably true in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. For every neonatal death, there are lots of near missed neonates. Generating evidences on the extent and predictors of neonatal near miss is a key step in neonatal mortality reduction efforts. However, there is limited evidence in this aspect in Ethiopia. Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the proportion of neonatal near miss and associated factors among neonates delivered at Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 neonates delivered at Debretabor General Hospital from July 1st, 2018, to June 30th, 2019. Both pragmatic and management criteria of definition of neonatal near miss were utilized. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the cards of the study participants. Data were extracted with structured and pretested checklist, entered in the EpiData, and then exported to SPSS version 20. Both descriptive and analytical procedures have been done. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and cross tabulations were carried out. The binary logistic regression model was fitted and variables with p value < 0.20 were entered in the multivariable logistic regression model. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios with the corresponding 95% CI were computed. The level of significance has been claimed based on the adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI and its p value of ≤0.05. Results. The proportion of neonates experiencing near miss was obtained to be 32.2% with 95% CI (28, 36). Rural residence (AOR=4.41; 95% CI: 2.57,7.55), incomplete ANC visit (AOR=3.16; 95% CI: 1.90,5.25), primiparous (AOR=2.55; 95% CI: 1.59,4.12), pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR=3.23; 95% CI: 1.19,8.78), premature rupture of membrane (AOR=4.65; 95% CI: 1.70,12,73), cephalic-pelvic disproportion (AOR=3.05; 95% CI: 1.32,7.01), and antepartum hemorrhage (AOR=4.95; 95% CI: 1.89,12.96) were the independent predictors of neonatal near-miss. Conclusion and Recommendations. The proportion of neonatal near miss was found to be high in the study setting. Most of the determinants of near miss are modifiable obstetric-related factors. Hence, stakeholders need to consider the aforesaid factors while they design interventions.

scholarly journals Determinants of postnatal care utilization in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta and multilevel analysis of data from 36 sub-Saharan countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Lake Yazachew ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema ◽  
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale
Keyword(s):  
Service Utilization ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Ssa Countries

Abstract Introduction Globally, over 65% of maternal deaths occur during the first 42 days of postpartum while the same proportion of neonatal deaths occur during the first 7 days of life. In sab- Saharan Africa, 4.7 million mothers, newborns, and children die on annual basis. As to our knowledge, there is no study on postnatal care utilization that incorporates all sub-Saharan Africa countries that had DHS data. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying pooled magnitude and determinants of postnatal care utilization in sub-Saharan Africa. Method A population-based cross-sectional study from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys data from the period of 2006 to 2018 of 36 SSA countries were used. A total weighted sample of 286,255 reproductive-age women who gave birth 5 years preceding the survey were included in the study. A meta-analysis of DHS data of each Sub-Saharan countries was conducted to generate pooled magnitude and a forest plot was used to present it. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to identify determinants of postnatal care utilization. The AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) with their 95% CI and p-value ≤0.05 was used to declare that determinates associated with postnatal care utilization. Result The pooled magnitude of postnatal care utilization in sub-Saharan Africa countries was 52.48% [95% CI: 52.33, 52.63], with the highest postnatal care utilization in the Central Region of Africa (73.51%) and the low postnatal care utilization in Eastern Regions of Africa (31.71%). In the multilevel logistic regression model region, residence, age group, maternal education, maternal occupation, media exposure, ANC visit, place of delivery, and accessing health care were determinants of postnatal care utilization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusion The coverage of postnatal care service utilization was low with high disparities among the region. Being in rural residence, young age group, low education level, had no occupation, not exposed to media, a big problem to access health care, not had ANC visit, and home delivery was associated with low postnatal care service utilization. This study evidenced that there is a wide gap in postnatal care utilization between SSA countries. Special attention is required to improve health accessibility, utilization, and quality of maternal health services to increase postnatal care service utilization in the region.

scholarly journals The applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among residents in Guraghe Zone

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256598
Author(s):  
Samuel Dessu ◽  
Tadesse Tsehay ◽  
Tadele Girum ◽  
Abebe Timerga ◽  
Mamo Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Poor Knowledge

Introduction Internationally, countries have reacted to the COVID-19 outbreak by introducing key public health non-pharmaceutical interventions to protect vulnerable population groups. In response to COVID-19, the Government of Ethiopia has been taking a series of policy actions beyond public health initiatives alone. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among the residents of Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted at Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Systematic random sampling method was applied among the predetermined 634 samples. Variables which had p-value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were considered as candidate for multivariable logistic regression model. P-value <0.05 was used as a cutoff point to determine statistical significance in multiple logistic regressions for the final model. Result In this study, 17.7% (95% CI: 14.7, 20.5) of the respondents apply the basic preventive measures towards the prevention of the pandemic COVID-19. In addition, being rural resident (AOR: 4.78,; 95%CI: 2.50, 8.90), being studied grade 1–8 (AOR: 3.70; 95%CI: 1.70, 7.90), being a farmer (AOR: 4.10; 95%CI: 1.25, 13.35), currently not married (AOR: 2.20, 95%CI: 1.24, 4.06), having family size 1-3(AOR: 6.50; 95%CI: 3.21, 3.35), have no diagnosed medical illness (AOR: 6.40; 95%CI: 3.85, 10.83) and having poor knowledge (AOR: 3.50; 95%CI: 1.60, 7.40) were factors which are statistically significant in multivariable logistic regression model. Conclusion Despite the application of preventive measures and vaccine delivery, the applicability of the pandemic COVID-19 preventive measures was too low, which indicate that the Zone is at risk for the infection. Rural residents, those who have lower educational level, farmers, non-marrieds, those who have lower family size, those who have diagnosed medical illnesses and those who have poor knowledge were prone to the infection with the pandemic COVID-19 due to the lower practice of applying the basic preventive measures. In addition, awareness creation should be in practice at all levels of the community especially lower educational classes and rural residents.

scholarly journals Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers having children less than two years of age in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis using recent Demographic and Health Surveys data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248976
Author(s):  
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Health Facility Delivery ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Timely Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Background Despite the significant advantages of timely initiation of breastfeeding (TIBF), many countries particularly low- and middle-income countries have failed to initiate breastfeeding on time for their newborns. Optimal breastfeeding is one of the key components of the SDG that may help to achieve reduction of under-five mortality to 25 deaths per 1000 live births. Objective To assess the pooled prevalence and associated factors of timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers having children less than two years of age in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We used pooled data from the 35 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We used a total weighted sample of 101,815 women who ever breastfeed and who had living children under 2 years of age. We conducted the multilevel logistic regression and variables with p<0.05, in the multivariable analysis, were declared significantly associated with TIBF. Results The pooled prevalence of TIBF in SSA was 58.3% [95%CI; 58.0–58.6%] with huge variation between countries, ranging from 24% in Chad to 86% in Burundi. Both individual and community level variables were associated with TIBF. Among individual-level factors; being older-aged mothers, having primary education, being from wealthier households, exposure to mass media, being multiparous, intended pregnancy, delivery at a health facility, vaginal delivery, single birth, and average size of the child at birth were associated with higher odds of TIBF. Of community-level factors, rural place of residence, higher community level of ANC utilization, and health facility delivery were associated with higher odds of TIBF. Conclusion In this study, the prevalence of TIBF in SSA was low. Both individual and community-level factors were associated with TIBF. The authors recommend interventions at both individual and community levels to increase ANC utilization as well as health facility delivery that are crucial for advertising optimal breastfeeding practices such as TIBF.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Postnatal Care in Bangladesh: Clustered Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Mehejabeen Mahbub ◽  
Most Fatima Tuz Zahura
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Factors Affecting

The study aims to determine the factors affecting postnatal care in Bangladesh using the data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2014. For the purpose of regression analysis, mixed logistic regression model has been utilized to take into account the possible correlation among subjects within clusters. It is found that region, place of residence, mother’s education, wealth index, access to media, birth order and antenatal care visits have significant association with postnatal care. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 66(1): 59-65, 2018 (January)

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