scholarly journals Optimizing renewable-based energy supply options for power generation in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262595
Author(s):  
Megersa Tesfaye Boke ◽  
Semu Ayalew Moges ◽  
Zeleke Agide Dejen
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Middle Status

Ethiopia unveiled homegrown economic reform agenda aimed to achieve a lower-middle status by 2030 and sustain its economic growth to achieve medium-middle and higher-middle status by 2040 and 2050 respectively. In this study, we evaluated the optimal renewable energy mix for power generation and associated investment costs for the country to progressively achieve upper-middle-income countries by 2050. Two economic scenarios: business as usual and Ethiopia’s homegrown reform agenda scenario were considered. The study used an Open Source energy Modeling System. The model results suggest: if projected power demand increases as anticipated in the homegrown reform agenda scenario, Ethiopia requires to expand the installed power capacity to 31.22GW, 112.45GW and 334.27GW to cover the current unmet and achieve lower, medium and higher middle-income status by 2030, 2040 and 2050 respectively. The Ethiopian energy mix continues to be dominated by hydropower and starts gradually shifting to solar and wind energy development towards 2050 as a least-cost energy supply option. The results also indicate Ethiopia needs to invest about 70 billion US$ on power plant investments for the period 2021–2030 to achieve the lower-middle-income electricity per capita consumption target by 2030 and staggering cumulative investment in the order of 750 billion US$ from 2031 to 2050 inclusive to achieve upper-middle-income electricity consumption rates by 2050. Ethiopia has enough renewable energy potential to achieve its economic target. Investment and financial sourcing remain a priority challenge. The findings could be useful in supporting decision-making concerning socio-economic development and investment pathways in the country.

scholarly journals Availability of Renewable Energy Sources in Mauritania: Potential, Current Status and Mitigation Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Cheikh Sidi Ethmane Kane ◽  
Labouda Ba ◽  
Gildas Tapsoba ◽  
Marie-Christine Record ◽  
Fanta Haidara
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Energy Mix

For decades, Mauritania's economy has been fueled by thermal power.  As a developing economy, Mauritania's electricity demand has long been relatively low, though it has increased recently due to economic growth, urbanization, and industrial activities. The rapid growth in demand is making the country more dependent on oil and gas-based generation power plants, which a resultant drain on the national economy. However, Mauritania has abundant renewable energy potential. the deployment of renewable energy can be an alternative solution to reduce the dependence on fossil resources. In this paper, we have reviewed the situation of the power generation sector, the potential of renewable energy, the integration of renewable energy in Mauritania's energy mix and the mitigation potential. The installed capacity in 2018 is 415.5 MW. The percentage of thermal power plants is 59.8% and 40.2% of the integrated capacity is provided by renewable energy. In 2018, the total electric power generation was 1958.5 GWh, the contribution of renewable energy was 979.75 GWh. The IPCC 2006 methodology was used to estimate GHG emissions. The results showed that the integration of renewable energy into the country's energy mix reduced emissions by approximately 212.58 Gg CO2eq.

scholarly journals Agricultural Residue Management for Sustainable Power Generation: The Poland Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5907
Author(s):  
Valerii Havrysh ◽  
Antonina Kalinichenko ◽  
Anna Brzozowska ◽  
Jan Stebila
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Agricultural Residue

The European Union has set targets for renewable energy utilization. Poland is a member of the EU, and its authorities support an increase in renewable energy use. The background of this study is based on the role of renewable energy sources in improving energy security and mitigation of climate change. Agricultural waste is of a significant role in bioenergy. However, there is a lack of integrated methodology for the measurement of its potential. The possibility of developing an integrated evaluation methodology for renewable energy potential and its spatial distribution was assumed as the hypothesis. The novelty of this study is the integration of two renewable energy sources: crop residues and animal husbandry waste (for biogas). To determine agricultural waste energy potential, we took into account straw requirements for stock-raising and soil conservation. The total energy potential of agricultural waste was estimated at 279.94 PJ. It can cover up to 15% of national power generation. The spatial distribution of the agricultural residue energy potential was examined. This information can be used to predict appropriate locations for biomass-based power generation facilities. The potential reduction in carbon dioxide emissions ranges from 25.7 to 33.5 Mt per year.

The dynamics of Indian energy mix: a two-phase analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Prakash Jha ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Indian Power Sector

PurposeThe Indian power sector is dominated by coal. Environmental awareness and advances in techno-economic front have led to a slow but steady shift towards greener alternatives. The distributions of both fossil fuel resources and renewable energy potential are not uniform across the states. Paper attempts to answer how the states are performing in the sector and how the renewable energy and conventional resources are affecting the dynamics.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to rank the performance of Indian states in the power sector. Multi-stage analysis opens up the DEA black-box through disaggregating power sector in two logical sub-sectors. The performance is evaluated from the point-of-view of policy formulating and implementing agencies. Further, an econometric analysis using seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE) is conducted to estimate the determinants of total and industrial per-capita electricity consumption.FindingsEfficiency scores obtained from the first phase of analysis happens to be a significant explanatory variable for power consumption. The growth in electricity consumption, which is necessary for economic wellbeing, is positively affected by both renewable and non-renewable sources; but conventional sources have a larger impact on per-capita consumption. Yet, the share of renewables in the energy mix has positive elasticity. Hence, the findings are encouraging, because development in storage technologies, falling costs and policy interventions are poised to give further impetus to renewable sources.Originality/valueThe study is one of the very few where entire spectrum of the Indian power sector is evaluated from efficiency perspective. Further, the second phase analysis gives additional relevant insights on the sector.

Economically Optimal Solar Power Generation

2020 ◽  
pp. 254-290
Author(s):  
Sana Badruddin ◽  
Cameron Ryan Robertson-Gillis ◽  
Janice Ashworth ◽  
David J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
The Public ◽  
Solar Power Generation ◽  
Electricity Bill

The Ottawa Renewable Energy Cooperative is considering installing solar modules on the roofs of two buildings while they stay connected to the public electricity grid. Solar power produced over their own needs would be sent to the public electricity grid for a credit on their electricity bill. When they need more power than they are generating, these buildings would purchase electricity from the grid. In addition to paying for the electricity they purchase, they would be subject to a “demand charge” that applies each month to the hour during which their consumption is at a peak for that month. Any electricity consumed during that peak hour would be charged at a rate about 100 times the rate for other hours. The case addresses three questions: (1) Is it profitable for these organizations to install solar on their roofs? (2) Can profitability be increased by adding a battery? and (3) How sensitive is profitability to uncertainty in future electricity prices? The case shows how the answers to these questions depend on the profile of hourly electricity consumption during the day, which is very different from one building to the other.

scholarly journals The Potential and Status of Renewable Energy Development in Malaysia

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Syakirah Wan Abdullah ◽  
Miszaina Osman ◽  
Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir ◽  
Renuga Verayiah
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Renewable Energy Development ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Current Energy

The Malaysian Government has set an ambitious target to achieve a higher penetration of Renewable Energy (RE) in the Malaysian energy mix. To date, Malaysia has approximately 2% of its energy coming from RE generation sources compared to the total generation mix and targets achieving 20% penetration by 2025. The current energy mix for Malaysia power generation is mainly provided by natural gas and coal. The discussion will cover the traditional sources of generation including natural gas, coal and big hydro stations. In addition, the paper will cover in depth the potential of RE in the country, challenges, and opportunities in this sector. This study can give an initial evaluation of the Malaysian energy industry, especially for RE and can initiate further research and development in this area in order to support the Government target to achieve RE target of 20% by 2025.

scholarly journals RENEWABLE ENERGY AND TRADE DISPUTES: IMPLICATIONS ON SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC MANUFACTURING IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nee Au Yong Hui ◽  
Lim Tan Kock
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
The United States ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
The Us

Malaysia has realised the importance of renewable energy (RE) in the energy mix and continuously reviewing its energy policy to ensure sustainable energy supply. The use of RE is among the options although the RE capacity is still underutilized. Malaysia achieves 5.5% share of RE in the energy mix by 2015, and the RE sector is expected to double by 2020 with strong growth in the solar photovoltaic (PV), biomass and biogas markets. Beyond 2020, it is predicted that solar energy will surpass all other forms of RE for Malaysia and other countries, and the solar power will be the long term source of energy supply. After an investigation on the RE policy, the domestic solar PV manufacturing scenario is elaborated in this paper. This includes the solar PV manufacturing, issues and trade disputes, and the way forward. Among the key findings from this paper include: the foreign direct investment (FDI) related to RE sector especially from the US and lately China, have increased rapidly, and more ‘green' jobs in the solar PV manufacturing and installation sectors have been created. With the existence of trade disputes between the United States and the European Union with China, Malaysia has the potential to reap benefits with the inflow of direct investments from China. Nevertheless, the future incidence of RE trade disputes is still uncertain.

Economically Optimal Solar Power Generation

2021 ◽  
pp. 385-415
Author(s):  
Sana Badruddin ◽  
Cameron Ryan Robertson-Gillis ◽  
Janice Ashworth ◽  
David J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
The Public ◽  
Solar Power Generation ◽  
Electricity Bill

The Ottawa Renewable Energy Cooperative is considering installing solar modules on the roofs of two buildings while they stay connected to the public electricity grid. Solar power produced over their own needs would be sent to the public electricity grid for a credit on their electricity bill. When they need more power than they are generating, these buildings would purchase electricity from the grid. In addition to paying for the electricity they purchase, they would be subject to a “demand charge” that applies each month to the hour during which their consumption is at a peak for that month. Any electricity consumed during that peak hour would be charged at a rate about 100 times the rate for other hours. The case addresses three questions: (1) Is it profitable for these organizations to install solar on their roofs? (2) Can profitability be increased by adding a battery? and (3) How sensitive is profitability to uncertainty in future electricity prices? The case shows how the answers to these questions depend on the profile of hourly electricity consumption during the day, which is very different from one building to the other.

Strategic low-cost energy investment opportunities and challenges towards achieving universal access (SDG7) in each African nation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Pappis
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Total System ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
African Nation ◽  
Energy Mix

Abstract Strategic energy planning to achieve universal access and cover the future energy needs in each African nation is essential to lead to effective, sustainable energy decisions to formulate mitigation and adaptation climate change policy measures. Africa can not afford a cost-increasing green energy transition pathway towards achieving SDG7. In this analysis, least-cost power generation investment options using energy systems analysis enhanced with geospatial data for each African nation are identified, considering different levels of electricity consumption per capita (Low, High) and costs of renewables (New Policies, Renewable Deployment scenarios). The power generation capacity needs to increase between 211GW (NPLs) and 302GW (RDHs) during 2021-2030 to achieve SDG7 in Africa, leading to electricity generation to rise between 6,221PJ (NPLs) - 7,527PJ (NPHs) by 2030. Higher electricity consumption levels lead to higher penetration of fossil fuel technologies in the power mix of Africa. To achieve the same electricity demand levels, decreasing renewables' costs can assist in a less carbon-intensive power system, although higher capacity is needed. However, Africa is still hard to achieve its green revolution. Depending on the scenario, grid-connected technologies are estimated to supply approximately 85%-90% of the total electricity generated in Africa in 2030, mini-grid technologies roughly 1%-6%, and stand-alone technologies 8%-11%. Solar off-grid and solar hybrid mini-grid technologies play an essential role in electrifying the current un-electrified settlements in residential areas. Natural gas will be the dominant fossil fuel source by 2030, while the decreasing costs of renewables make solar overtake hydropower. Higher penetration of renewable energy sources in the energy mix creates local jobs and increases cost-efficiency. Approximately 6.9 million (NPLs) to 9.6 million (RDHs) direct jobs can be created in Africa by expanding the power sector during 2020-2030 across the supply chain. Increasing the electricity consumption levels in Africa leads to higher total system costs, but it is estimated to create more jobs that can ensure political and societal stability. Also, the decreasing costs of renewables could further increase the penetration of renewables in the energy mix, leading to a higher number of jobs.

scholarly journals RENEWABLE ENERGY AND TRADE DISPUTES: IMPLICATIONS ON SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC MANUFACTURING IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nee Au Yong Hui ◽  
Lim Tan Kock
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
The United States ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
The Us

Malaysia has realised the importance of renewable energy (RE) in the energy mix and continuously reviewing its energy policy to ensure sustainable energy supply. The use of RE is among the options although the RE capacity is still underutilized. Malaysia achieves 5.5% share of RE in the energy mix by 2015, and the RE sector is expected to double by 2020 with strong growth in the solar photovoltaic (PV), biomass and biogas markets. Beyond 2020, it is predicted that solar energy will surpass all other forms of RE for Malaysia and other countries, and the solar power will be the long term source of energy supply. After an investigation on the RE policy, the domestic solar PV manufacturing scenario is elaborated in this paper. This includes the solar PV manufacturing, issues and trade disputes, and the way forward. Among the key findings from this paper include: the foreign direct investment (FDI) related to RE sector especially from the US and lately China, have increased rapidly, and more ‘green' jobs in the solar PV manufacturing and installation sectors have been created. With the existence of trade disputes between the United States and the European Union with China, Malaysia has the potential to reap benefits with the inflow of direct investments from China. Nevertheless, the future incidence of RE trade disputes is still uncertain.

scholarly journals Study on the Potential of Waste in Pangkalpinang as Source of Power Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Welly Yandi ◽  
Wahri Sunanda ◽  
Nada Fitsa Alfazumi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Energy Concept ◽  
Biological Conversion

The Waste Power Plant is one of the power plants with a new renewable energy concept that utilizes waste as fuel. The processing of waste into electrical energy is carried out in two ways: the thermal conversion process and the biological conversion process to find the potential for waste that can be used as fuel to generate electricity. The analysis is needed, especially for Pangkalpinang, which currently has a lot of unprocessed waste. This research was conducted through calculations using several formulas that have been used in previous studies. From these results, the potential waste in 2015 is 97.25 tons/day and produces energy of 18548.10 MWh/year, and in 2020, it was about 186.57 tons/day and produced energy of 35547.18 MWh/year. The projection calculations are carried out to determine the potential for 2021 to 2030. Waste as much as 182523 tons/day in2021 can produce energy of as much as 34776.11 MWh/year. And in 2030, the amount of waste as much as 218132 tons/day can generate an energy potential of 41560.69 MWh/year.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document