scholarly journals Sweet sorghum: broth clarification with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation wort for ethanol production

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37094
Author(s):  
Osania Emerenciano Ferreira ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Gravatim Costa ◽  
Aline Ferreira Silva ◽  
Nayara Abrão Montijo ◽  
Miguel Angelo Mutton ◽  
...  

Sweet sorghum is currently being evaluated throughout the world as a raw material for biofuel production because its stem juices are rich in sugars that can be directly fermented to ethanol. In this work, the fermentative efficiency of three sweet sorghum genotypes was evaluated, aiming at ethanol production, harvested in two seasons, clean and whole stems, and the treatment of the juice and broth with amylolytic enzymes in order to use the present starch to increase the production of ethanol. The experiment was carried out in the 2013/2014 harvest, in the municipality of Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil, located at 21°14’05’’S and 48°17’09’’W. The experimental design was completely randomized, with sub-subdivided plots and four replications. The primary treatments were the sweet sorghum genotypes (CV147, CV198, and BRS508), the secondary treatments, the type of harvest (whole stems and clean stems); the tertiary the two sampling times (102 and 116 days after sowing - d.a.s) and the quaternary the application of enzymes. In the fermentation process, the yeast PE-2 was used, at the end, the wine was recovered and characterized. Fermentation efficiency and liters of ethanol per ton of sorghum were calculated. The clarification of the juice with enzymatic treatment increases the quality of the fermentation broth and makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTs and Brix. Fermentation efficiency is not affected by the genotype; however, it is influenced by the time of harvest and the technological quality of the juice. The use of amylolytic enzymes makes it possible to obtain wines with lower levels of RRTS and Brix. The best period of industrialization was at 102 d.a.s., and the processing of whole stalks resulted in less ethanol production.

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
CRISTÓBAL SOTO SOLANO ◽  
NIRALDO JOSÉ PONCIANO ◽  
ROGÉRIO FIGUEIREDO DAHER ◽  
RAFAEL AUGUSTO DA COSTA ◽  
PAULO MARCELO DE SOUZA ◽  
...  

 RESUMO - O sorgo sacarino tem potencial de uso como fonte de matéria-prima para a produção de bioetanol. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, analisar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura na qualidade do caldo para produção de etanol de quatro cultivares de sorgo sacarino. O experimento foi conduzido em Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, de janeiro a maio de 2014. Foram estudadas quatro cultivares de sorgo sacarino: BRS 506, BRS 508, BRS 509 e BRS 511 e cinco de doses de nitrogênio (0, 80, 160, 240 e 320 Kg ha-1), aplicadas aos 25 e 45 dias após semeadura. Os resultados mostraram que valor Brix, açúcares redutores totais, açúcares totais recuperáveis, volume do caldo e rendimento de etanol foram afetados pela adubação nitrogenada. Para todas as características, o valor máximo foi obtido pela dose de 240 kg de N ha-1. Entre as cultivares, a BRS 506 mostrou-se superior em produção de caldo e rendimento de etanol. Enquanto a BRS 511 destacou-se nos atributos ART e ATR, e a cultivar BRS 508 sobressaiu-se no valor Brix. A cultivar BRS 506 apresentou melhor resultado combinado, com maior volume de caldo e rendimento de etanol com as doses de 204 e 212 kg N ha-1, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: biocombustíveis, rendimento de álcool carburante, atributos industriais, caracterização da matéria prima, genótipos. QUALITY OF BROTH FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CULTIVARS OF SACARINE SORGHUM UNDER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION  ABSTRACT - Sweet sorghum has potential as a source of raw material for the production of bioethanol. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of nitrogen topdressing on the quality of the juice for ethanol production from four cultivars of sorghum. The experiment was conducted in Campos, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from January to May 2014. Four cultivars of sorghum: BRS 506, BRS 508, BRS 509 and BRS 511 were studied, and five nitrogen rates (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg ha-1), applied to 25 and 45 days after sowing. The results showed that the value Brix, total reducing sugars, total recoverable sugars, broth volume and ethanol yield were affected by nitrogen fertilization. For all features, the maximum value was obtained for the dose of 240 kg N ha-1. Among cultivars, BRS 506 was superior in production of broth and ethanol yield. BRS 511 stood out in the attributes ART and ATR, and BRS 508, in value Brix. BRS 506 had better combined result of higher volume of juice and ethanol yield with doses of 204 and 212 kg N ha-1, respectively Keywords: biofuels, fuel ethanol output, industrial attributes, characterization of raw materials, genotypes.   


2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Branquinho Garcia ◽  
Gisele Cristina Ravaneli ◽  
Leonardo Lucas Madaleno ◽  
Miguel Angelo Mutton ◽  
Márcia Justino Rossini Mutton

The quality of the raw material defines the industrial potential production. The harvest of raw sugarcane promoted a favorable environment for the increase of Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål, 1854) pest that affects the plant development. This research was undertaken to evaluate the effects of M. fimbriolata on sugarcane quality and fermentation process. For the technological analysis, four damage levels and two evaluation periods were evaluated, while four fermentation cycles and two evaluation periods were tested for microbiological analysis, with three replications. The determined parameters were Brix (soluble solids), Pol (apparent sucrose), Purity, reducing sugars (RS), total reducing sugars (TRS), Total Acidity, pH and Total Phenolic Compounds in juice. In the fermentation process cellular viability analysis, yeast sprout and bacterial concentration were carried out. The wine was submitted to alcohol content, TRRS (total residual reducing sugars) and fermentation efficiency. The treatment with 60% of damage steams exhibited the lowest averages of Brix, Pol, Purity and TRS of the juice. An increase of the RS% of the juice and content of total phenolic compounds was observed. The cellular and sprouts viability were reduced with the increase in the damages caused by M. fimbriolata. The fermentation process exhibited larger quantities of contaminators. With the damages, the wine TRRS quantity was superior and, consequently there was a decrease of the alcoholic content and fermentation efficiency. The damages caused by M. fimbriolata affected the quality of the raw material, compromising the fermentative process, and increase the production of phenolic compounds and contaminators.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas Matsakas ◽  
Ulrika Rova ◽  
Paul Christakopoulos

The potential of utilizing dried sweet sorghum stalks as raw material for anaerobic digestion has been evaluated. Two different treatments were tested, a mild thermal and an enzymatic, alone or in combination. Thermal pretreatment was found to decrease the methane yields, whereas one-step enzymatic treatment resulted in a significant increase of 15.1% comparing to the untreated sweet sorghum. Subsequently, in order to increase the total methane production, the combined effect of enzyme load and I/S on methane yields from sweet sorghum was evaluated by employing response surface methodology. The obtained model showed that the maximum methane yield that could be achieved is 296 mL CH4/g VS at I/S ratio of 0.35 with the addition of 11.12 FPU/g sweet sorghum.


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1578-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Ferreira Silva ◽  
◽  
Osania Emerenciano Ferreira ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Gravatim Costa ◽  
Nayara Abrão Montijo ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-338
Author(s):  
Svitlana O. Rakhmetova ◽  
Olena M. Vergun ◽  
Rostislav Y. Blume ◽  
Oleksandr P. Bondarchuk ◽  
Oksana V. Shymanska ◽  
...  

Background: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) is a unique crop with great potential to serve both the food and energy industries. It is due to the possibility of (bio)ethanol production both from the juice and biomass of this crop. The sorghum stems juice contains sugar in the levels similar to that of sugarcane. Besides, low cultivation requirements for the sweet sorghum make this crop even more attractive for sugar and ethanol production. In terms of technology, sweet sorghum is seen as a transitional feedstock for the first to the second generation bioethanol production. However, effective technological development of the plant cultivation and processing in the Northern and Central Ukraine is restrained by the lack of a collection of sweet sorghum genotypes and adapted varieties for its large-scale cultivation. Additionally, no evaluations of potential (bio)ethanol productivity have been performed for this region, which is important for efficient implementation of novel biofuel-producing technologies and for successful development of a green economy. Objective: This research was aimed to create a pool of sweet sorghum genotypes with the involvement of worldwide germplasm, analyze their morphology and breed high-yielding plant lines for the efficient production of liquid biofuels for second-generation bioenergy. Based on that, we also aimed to explore the prospects regarding the efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivation for (bio)ethanol production in the Northern and Central Ukraine. Methods and Materials: A valuable gene pool of S. saccharatum (L.) Moench (41 samples) was created; in particular, high-performance genotypes were created for cultivation under the soil-climatic conditions of Ukraine. The bio-morphological features and the yield potential of the plants were determined and the biochemical composition of the phyto-raw materials was determined in different periods of vegetation, in particular, during the technical ripeness of the above-ground mass of plants. The more productive forms and varieties of sugar sorghum in terms of yield, dry matter content, sugar, and energy value of biomass during flowering and waxy ripeness are highlighted. The technological properties of plant biomass for the production of alternative liquid fuels (in particular, bioethanol) have been analyzed. Importantly, optimal cultivation conditions have been elaborated for the newly created sweet sorghum genotypes, and their productivity has also been evaluated. Moreover, for the first time, a detailed study on potential ethanol yield has been conducted. Results: Sweet sorghum has considerable potential in Ukraine as a new sugar-producing energy crop. The germplasm collection of this crop has been created (41 accessions), including introduced and acclimated genotypes and newly bred lines and varieties. The biological performance of sorghum in Ukraine and plant morphology have been analyzed. The most promising genotypes were used for breeding of new high-productive sweet sorghum varieties. The potential (bio)ethanol yield for different sugar feedstocks (juice, grain bagasse) can reach up to 11423 L/ha in total from juice, grain and bagasse. Conclusion: The estimated values of ethanol productivity are comparable to the results of other similar investigations. In conclusion, a high performance of sweet sorghum in Ukraine can be suggested.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús David Coral Medina ◽  
Antonio Irineudo Magalhaes Jr

Currently, the continuous depletion of non-renewable resources of fuels and chemicals has promoted the research and development of different alternatives for the replacement of fossil resources as the feedstock of fuels and chemicals. At present, one of the most important biofuels in the current economy, is bioethanol, contributing to 65% of the total biofuels production. The production of bioethanol is an attractive alternative because it would be produced using indigenous and native raw material, therefore, the socioeconomic impact mainly in developing countries would be measured by the economic incomes and increase the quality of life of small and middle farmers. The first-generation ethanol production from sugarcane, corn, or beet sugar is broadly implemented at an industrial scale. However, the second-generation ethanol (2GE) is currently still in development stages, looking for different alternatives according to each region under study. The 2GE is also subject of diverse opinions about its economic viability and its real impact on the environment, especially due to the CO2 footprint. Consequently, this chapter has presented an overview of 2GE production, the possibilities of co-production of molecules of high value-added, and their economic and environmental assessment, including CO2 release, water consumption, solid residues disposal, and economic analysis to determine the best bioethanol based biorefinery configuration.


Sugar Tech ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Mishra ◽  
N. S. Thakur ◽  
Kewalanand ◽  
P. Sujathamma ◽  
B. B. Kushwaha ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Diana-Abasi Udoh ◽  
Søren K. Rasmussen ◽  
Sven-Erik Jacobsen ◽  
Godfrey A. Iwo ◽  
Walter de Milliano

Forty-three sweet sorghum accessions were grown in two contrasting environments; Nigeria (tropical environment) and Denmark (temperate environment). The objectives were to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on grain yield, fresh biomass and stem sugar, and to assess yield stability of sweet sorghum and identify the best genotypes for biofuel production. The sweet sorghum originating from a Dutch and ICRISAT collection was grown in randomized complete block design in three replicates for two years (2014 and 2015). The combined analysis of variance of the sweet sorghum genotypes in two years over the two contrasting environments revealed that year (Y), genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) were significant in the entire biofuel yield attributes obtained from both Dutch and ICRISAT collections except the degree of Brix and fresh biomass respectively across the year. The year and genotype interaction (Y×G) was not significant in all the biofuel attributes of Dutch accessions. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance showed significant effect of G, E and the GEI. The AMMI was used to identify the best performing, adaptable and more stable genotypes. Twenty-two genotypes of both ICRISAT and Dutch accessions were identified to be stable across the two locations with respect to different biofuel attributes. Nine, seven, and six genotypes were found to be stable for grain yield, biomass yield and brix value, respectively. The best performing genotypes for stem sugar across locations were identified. From the available data collected, the performance of the sweet sorghum was attributed to both genetic and environmental effects. High GE was observed to influence stability, hence will influence the selection criteria of the sweet sorghum genotypes.


2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Pecina‑Quintero ◽  
José Luis Anaya‑López ◽  
Alfredo Zamarripa‑Colmenero ◽  
Noe Montes‑García ◽  
Carlos Nuñez‑Colín ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to evaluate the diversity and genetic relationships between lines and varieties of the sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) germplasm bank of the National Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Mexico, using AFLP and SSR markers. The molecular markers revealed robust amplification profiles and were able to differentiate the 41 genotypes of sweet sorghum evaluated. Analysis of the frequency and distribution of polymorphic fragments allowed for the detection of unique (AFLP) and rare (SSR) alleles in several genotypes (RBSS‑8, RBSS‑9, RBSS‑25, RBSS‑32, and RBSS‑37), indicating that these markers may be associated with a feature that has not yet been determined or may be useful for the identification of these genotypes. The genetic relationships indicated the presence of at least two types of sweet sorghum: a group of modern genotypes used for sugar and biofuel production, and another group consisting of historic and modern genotypes used for the production of syrups. Sweet sorghum genotypes may be used to develop new varieties with higher sugar and juice contents.


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