Medical and dental hidden treasures and  secrets of 2700-year-old Egyptian mummy: Osirmose - the doorkeeper of the Temple of Re.

Objective: To perform a ‘virtual autopsy’ on the Egyptian mummy and to study, understand, and interpret three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan images of Osirmose’s mummy with a multidisciplinary team composed of radiologists, archaeologists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Material and methods: We studied the Osirmose’s mummy, the doorkeeper of the Temple of Re, who lived during the XXVth dynasty. His mummy belongs to the Royal Museum of Art and History (Inv. E.5889). We performed a high resolution CT scanning of Osirmose’s mummy. We also 3D printed the upper maxilla of the mummy and a tooth found in the oesophagus with a clinically validated low-cost 3D printer. Results: We confirmed the male sex of the mummy. We found the heart, aorta, and kidneys inside the mummy’s body. Brain excerebration was performed through the right ethmoid bone pathway. A wood stick embedded in the dura mater tissue was found inside the skull. The orbicularis oculi muscle, internal canthus, optical nerves, and calcified eye were still present. Artificial eyes were added above the stuffing of eye globes. The skull and face were embalmed with multiple layers of inner bandages in a sophisticated manner. The wear of maxillary teeth was asymmetrical and more pronounced on the maxilla. We discovered three anomalies of the upper maxilla: 1) a rectangular hole on the palatine side of tooth n°26 (the palatine root of tooth n°26 was missing), 2) an indentation at a right angle palatine to tooth n°27, and 3) a semilunar shape of edges around the osteolytic lesion distal and palatine to tooth n°28. Conclusions: The present study provides the first evidence of a tooth removal site, and of oral surgery procedures previously conducted in a 2700-year-old Egyptian embalmed mummy. We found traces of dental root removal, and the opening of a tooth-related osteolytic lesion before the person’s death. The multidisciplinary team, the use of a high resolution 3D CT scan and a 3D-printed model of the upper maxilla helped in this discovery.

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High Resolution Computed Tomography Finding in 552 Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19: First Report from North of Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25817/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hadi Majidi ◽

Elham-Sadat Bani-Mostafavi ◽

Zahra Mardanshahi ◽

Farnaz Godazandeh ◽

Roya Gasemian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Pleural Effusion ◽

High Resolution ◽

Medical Imaging ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Picture Archiving And Communication

Abstract Purpose: Due to the emergence of the new Coronavirus-2019 and the lack of sufficient information about infected patients, this study was conducted to investigate the Chest High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) findings of patients infected with the new Coronavirus 2019.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on COVID-19 patients referred to Medical Imaging Centers of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran, on March 2020 for Computed Tomography Scan (CT-Scan). Symptomatic patients were referred to the Medical Imaging Center for diagnosis confirmation through CT-scan. In addition to age and sex, HRCT findings were collected from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) for further evaluations.Results: Out of 552 patients with mean age of 14.8 ± 51.2 years, the male/female ratio was 1.38 to 1. The most common expressive findings in patients were ground-glass opacity (GGO) (87.3%), peripheral distribution (82.4%) and posterior distribution (81.5%). The most conflicting findings in patients were pleural effusion (7.6%), peribronchovascular distribution (7.6%), and lymphadenopathy (5.1%). The peripheral distribution (p = 0.034), round opacities (p = 0.02), single lobe (p = 0.003) and pleural effusion (p = 0.037) were significantly in people under and over 50 years of age.Conclusion: In summary, the present study indicated that in addition to GGO, peripheral distribution findings could be a vital diagnostic choice in COVID-19 patients.

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High resolution computed tomography of temporal bone in the evaluation of otologic diseases

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20174546 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Prakash S. Handi ◽

Mallikarjun N. Patil ◽

Nisha P.

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Temporal Bone ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Anomalies

Background: Conventional radiological methods like X-ray mastoid have limited ability to delineate the details of the complex temporal bone and cochlea-vestibular anatomy and disease pathology. This can be overcome by the use of High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) evaluation of the temporal bone. HRCT is helpful in evaluating the anatomy and pathology type and extent of disease, thereby helps in preoperative planning. Methods: The CT scan of forty five patients attending the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care centre between August 2014 to August 2017 was evaluated in this study. Each CT scan was interpreted by an otolaryngologist and a radiologist and interpretation was by consensus. The data collected was evaluated and results are reported as rates and proportions (%). Results: The study evaluated CT scan of 45 patients of which 35 were male patients and 10 were female patients with age ranging from 5 years to 75 years. Most of these patients belonged to the 21-30, 31-40 age groups [9 (20%) in each group]. Infections of middle ear cleft (all with cholesteatoma), fractures of the temporal bone, anomalies and tumors of the external auditory canal and middle ear were the pathologies observed in these CT scans with infection (otomastoiditis) [23 (51.1%)] being the most common pathology observed. Conclusions: Pre-operative CT scan may not only help in identifying the nature, extent of infectious disease including ossicular, bony erosions; it may also identify anomalies in the temporal bone and surrounding structures. Thus, HRCT temporal bone will help the surgeon in planning effective surgical strategy, reducing morbidity during the surgery.

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Low-cost high-resolution computed tomography

10.1117/12.164746 ◽

1993 ◽

Author(s):

Giancarlo M. Borgonovi

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography

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High Resolution Computed Tomography Finding in 552 Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19: First Report from North of Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25817/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hadi Majidi ◽

Elham-Sadat Bani-Mostafavi ◽

Zahra Mardanshahi ◽

Farnaz Godazandeh ◽

Roya Gasemian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Pleural Effusion ◽

High Resolution ◽

Medical Imaging ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Picture Archiving And Communication

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The Correlation Between Preoperative Findings of High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and Intraoperative Findings of Chronic Otitis Media (COM)

Clinical Medicine Insights Ear Nose and Throat ◽

10.1177/1179550619870471 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 117955061987047 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariam Aljehani ◽

Rayan Alhussini

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

P Value ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Preoperative Ct

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the preoperative findings of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of temporal bone in chronic otitis media (COM) and the intraoperative findings. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the ORL-HNS Unit at Ohud Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia, during the period from January to September 2018. We included all patients with COM, and an informed consent was obtained from all participants. The HRCT images were studied in comparison with the intraoperative findings. The parameters of comparison were tympanic membrane, middle ear structures, and the status of cholesteatoma. Results: A total of 39 patients were included in the analysis: 14 male and 25 female patients. The age range was 9 to 50 years. As a result of the comparison between HRCT findings and intraoperative observations, we found that incus erosion through computed tomography (CT) was the same as during surgical observation in 12 cases (30.8%). Malleus appeared eroded on CT in 1 case (2.6%); however, 5 cases were seen with that observation during operation (12.8%). Cholesteatoma was similarly seen in the CT scan and during surgery with a significant relation between intraoperative cholesteatoma extending and HRCT findings of the disease (95% confidence level, P-value = 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100% for detecting sigmoid plate erosion, dura exposure, incus erosion, stapes erosion, and malleus-incus joint discontinuity through preoperative CT. Conclusions: Intraoperative findings and HRCT have shown better results with good correlation of diagnostic value regarding the comparisons between recorded observations, especially in detecting sigmoidal plate erosion, dural exposure, incus and stapes erosion, and malleus-incus joint discontinuity. Preoperative CT scan is beneficial and contributory in the decision of indicating surgery to patients.

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