Diagnosis and detection of VicK gene in Streptococcus mutans isolated from the saliva of patients with diabetic type 2 with tooth decay in the Iraqi population

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Susan F.Khadhem Al-Sudani ◽  
Laheeb R. Hamad ◽  
Fattma A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Random Blood Sugar ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Pcr Products

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is gradually becoming more common in Iraq. Salivary changes and proliferation of specific bacterial communities cause oral disease that can adversely affect systemic conditions such as diabetes. Fifty saliva samples were collected from people with T2DM suffering from tooth decay and twenty-five people without T2DM suffering from tooth decay. The periodontal status, the extent of the root surface, and coronal caries were evaluated. Saliva was cultured for investigating Streptococcus mutans. The results showed that patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly more severe Periodontitis and a higher prevalence and magnitude of bacterial caries. Diabetic subjects had higher levels of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Random Blood Sugar (R.B.S.). The S. mutans diagnosis by PCR for Sanger Sequencing technique by using VicK gene sequences (1300bp). The PCR products of the isolate were submitted to Macrogen Company for sequencing. Selected seven isolates as new isolates registered in global gene bank as locally S. Mutans isolates in Bagdad city/Iraq and their accepted accession numbers include LOCUS MT603520, MT603521, MT603522, MT603523, MT603524, MT603525,and MT603526 of nucleotide sequence. The VicK genes isolates' phylogenetic trees revealed a genotype that was closely connected to other isolates in GenBank. Furthermore, gene sequencing demonstrated a success rate of 99 percent. resemblance to other isolates in the GenBank database The likelihood of a link between S. Mutans and dental carries was determined by these findings.

Dyslipidemia and severe periodontitis among patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
María Jiménez-Corona ◽  
José Falcón-Flores ◽  
Aída Borges-Yáñez ◽  
Roberto Castrejón-Pérez ◽  
Aída Jiménez-Corona
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Not available

scholarly journals Study on prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus in undergraduate MBBS students: a cross-section study in a tertiary health center, Kolkata

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Murari M. Mandal ◽  
Shobhit Garg ◽  
R. N. Mishra ◽  
Swanya P. Maharana
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Random Blood Sugar

Background: Diabetes, is now a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prevalence of type-2 diabetes in children and adolescents is rapidly increasing worldwide. Adolescence and early youth period has pivotal importance for young people with diabetes risk when they usually start learning about how to take responsibility. With this background, present study was done to find out the proportion of various risk factors and future risk of developing diabetes among MBBS undergraduates in Kolkata.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional institution based study done from 1st June to 18th June 2017. Data was collected by interviewing each respondent with the help of structured pre-designed pre-tested schedule, after which clinical examination for height, weight, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure and RBS were done. Out of 150 undergraduates, 130 agreed to participate. Data was analysed with R software.Results: Mean age of the students was 20.45years. 48.5% of them were either overweight or obese. Nearly half of them had waist circumference and waist hip ratio in risk group. Only 65 were normotensive and 7 had high random blood sugar (≥140 mg/dl). 6 students were in high risk group according to both IDRS (≥60) and ADA (≥5) risk score. 66 students were in moderate risk (30-50) group as per IDRS risk score.Conclusions: The simple and cost-effective IDRS could serve as a screening tool health worker to identify at risk individuals at the earliest and enable primary prevention by encouraging these students to modify their life-style.

Root surface and coronal caries in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol os15 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
J Hintao ◽  
R Teanpaisan ◽  
V Chongsuvivatwong ◽  
G Dahlen ◽  
C Rattarasarn
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Root Surface

Salivary Procalcitonin and Periodontitis in Diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Bassim ◽  
R.S. Redman ◽  
D.J. DeNucci ◽  
K.L. Becker ◽  
E.S. Nylen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes are co-morbid conditions, both characterized by infectious susceptibility. We investigated procalcitonin (ProCT) levels in the serum and saliva of persons with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes (n = 20), to determine if these levels are altered by periodontitis activity or by hyperglycemia. Persons with severe periodontitis showed higher levels of salivary-ProCT than did those with moderate periodontitis (241 ± 71 vs. 77 ± 516 pg/mL, p = 0.02) and higher levels than did healthy control individuals (118 ± 26 pg/mL, p = 0.05). Salivary-ProCT levels were correlated with bleeding-on-probing (r = 0.45, p = 0.05), as well as with HgbA1c (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Salivary levels of ProCT were higher than serum levels for the periodontitis/diabetes group (152 ± 37 vs. 78 ± 17 pg/mL, p = 0.02) and the control group (118 ± 146 vs. 48 ± 17 pg/mL, p = 0.01). Persons with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes have salivary-ProCT levels that reflect their degree of periodontitis activity and hyperglycemia. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the presence of procalcitonin (ProCT), an established serum marker of infection, in saliva.

scholarly journals Associations of Salivary BPIFA1 Protein in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Guo ◽  
Lin-Na Guo ◽  
Jun-Fei Zhu ◽  
Chen-Yi Tang ◽  
Yun-Zhi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Aims. To explore the differences in salivary BPI fold containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1) concentration among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with various severities of chronic periodontitis and to determine whether BPIFA1 in saliva can be used as a potential biomarker of T2DM. Methods. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 44 subjects with T2DM and 44 without T2DM (NDM). Additionally, demographic data and general health parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body mass index (BMI), were collected. We also detected full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding index (BI), and plaque index (PLI). Salivary BPIFA1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were also detected. Results. BPIFA1 in saliva was detected at relatively high levels. T2DM subjects had decreased salivary BPIFA1 concentrations (P=0.031). In T2DM subjects with nonperiodontitis or severe periodontitis, the level of BPIFA1 was significantly lower compared with that of NDM. Salivary TNF-α concentration displayed a similar trend to BPIFA1 in the NDM group. Conclusions. BPIFA1 protein is rich in saliva and might be used as a potential predictive biomarker of T2DM, especially in patients with severe periodontitis and nonperiodontitis. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-ROC-17010310.

scholarly journals Role of HbA1c and duration of diabetes in predicting mortality in patients of diabetic ketoacidosis in type II diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2631
Author(s):  
Srishti Sonwani ◽  
Sutakshee Sonwani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Random Blood Sugar ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Previous studies have reported the presence of diabetes ketoacidosis in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). India reported that up to 30% of hospitalized DKA cases result in inpatient death. Aims and objectives of the study was to study the role of HbA1c and duration of diabetes in outcome of patients of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Hundred T2DM patients having DKA admitted in the Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College and Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, were included. Data on demography (age, sex and diabetes duration, random blood sugar (RBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were recorded for each patients. Outcome was also recorded and compared with duration of diabetes and HbA1c level.Results: DKA was more common in age group of51-55 years (21%) with mean age of 56.10±10.40 years. Male preponderance was observed. Mean duration of diabetes, hemoglobin, random blood sugar (RBS) and HbA1c were 7.28±3.81 years, 9.8±1.42 gm%, 351.72±22.32 mg/dl, and 7.14±0.10 respectively. Mortality was higher among the patients with longer duration of diabetes (23.1%; p=0.012) and higher HbA1c (25%, p>0.05).Conclusions: Duration of diabetes play a significant role in deciding mortality in T2DM patients with DKA however HbA1c has no role in that.

scholarly journals Intervening in Symbiotic Cross-Kingdom Biofilm Interactions: a Binding Mechanism-Based Nonmicrobicidal Approach

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Kim ◽  
A. Dhall ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
M. Bawazir ◽  
H. Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Early childhood caries is a severe oral disease that results in aggressive tooth decay. Particularly, a synergistic association between a fungus, Candida albicans, and a cariogenic bacterium, Streptococcus mutans, promotes the development of hard-to-remove and highly acidic biofilms, exacerbating the virulent damage. These interactions are largely mediated via glucosyltransferases (GtfB) binding to mannans on the cell wall of C. albicans. Here, we present an enzymatic approach to target GtfB-mannan interactions in this cross-kingdom consortium using mannan-degrading exo- and endo-enzymes. These exo- and endo-enzymes are highly effective in reducing biofilm biomass without killing microorganisms, as well as alleviating the production of an acidic pH environment conducive to tooth decay. To corroborate these results, we present biophysical evidence using single-molecule atomic force microscopy, biofilm shearing, and enamel surface topography analyses. Data show a drastic decrease in binding forces of GtfB to C. albicans (∼15-fold reduction) following enzyme treatment. Furthermore, enzymatic activity disrupted biofilm mechanical stability and significantly reduced human tooth enamel demineralization without cytotoxic effects on gingival keratinocytes. Our results represent significant progress toward a novel nonbiocidal therapeutic intervention against pathogenic bacterial-fungal biofilms by targeting the interkingdom receptor-ligand binding interactions. IMPORTANCE Biofilm formation is a key virulence factor responsible for various infectious diseases. Particularly, interactions between a fungus, Candida albicans, and a bacterium, Streptococcus mutans, have been known to play important roles in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Although some antimicrobials have been applied to treat fungal-involved biofilm-associated diseases, these often lack targeting polymicrobial interactions. Furthermore, these may not be appropriate for preventive measures because these antimicrobials may disrupt ecological microbiota and/or induce the prevalence of drug resistance over time. By specifically targeting the interaction mechanism whereby mannoproteins on the C. albicans surface mediate the cross-kingdom interaction, we demonstrated that mannoprotein-degrading enzymes can effectively disrupt biofilm interactions without microbiocidal effects or causing cytotoxicity to human cells. This suggests a potential application as a targeted approach for intervening a pathogenic cross-kingdom biofilm associated with a costly and unresolved oral disease.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Association between Metabolic Control in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis Inflammatory Burden: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Italian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1787
Author(s):  
Federica Romano ◽  
Stefano Perotto ◽  
Sara Elamin Osman Mohamed ◽  
Sara Bernardi ◽  
Marta Giraudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Inflammatory Burden

This study assessed the periodontal conditions of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients attending an Outpatient Center in North Italy and explored the associations between metabolic control and periodontitis. Periodontal health of 104 T2DM patients (61 men and 43 women, mean age of 65.3 ± 10.1 years) was assessed according to CDC/AAP periodontitis case definitions and Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) Index. Data on sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, laboratory tests, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were collected by interview and medical records. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%), family history of T2DM, and C-reactive protein levels were predictors of severe periodontitis. An increase in HbA1c of 1% was associated with a rise in PISA of 89.6 mm2. On the other hand, predictors of poor glycemic control were severe periodontitis, waist circumference, unbalanced diet, and sedentary lifestyle. A rise in PISA of 10 mm2 increased the odds of having HbA1c ≥ 7% by 2%. There is a strong bidirectional connection between periodontitis and poor glycemic control. The inflammatory burden posed by periodontitis represents the strongest predictor of poor glycemic control.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among People Attending Medical Camp in a Community Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Kushwaha ◽  
Anuj Raj Kadel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Random Blood Sugar

Introduction: Diabetes is a health problem on the rise in developing countries like Nepal. Oftenin the suburban and rural areas, patients are diagnosed in the late stages with complications. Theaim of this study is to find out the prevalence of diabetes type 2 in a community hospital of Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in a community hospital from January toMarch of 2019 after ethical clearance (Registration number: 150320192) from the institutional reviewcommittee of Kathmandu Medical College. Convenient sampling technique was used. Glucometerusing glucose sticks is used to measure random blood sugar level and relevant questions were askedin a short interview. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20version. Results: Out of a total of 114 people, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5 (4.38%). Amongthose 5 (4.385%) people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2 (1.75%) were female and 3 (2.63%) were male.The minimum age of the patient was 17 years and the maximum age was 92 years. Five out of 95patients with mild physical activity had random blood sugar more than 200 mg/dl and five out of46 alcoholic patients had random blood sugar levels more than 200 mg/dl. Only 1 out of 26 smokershad a random blood sugar level of more than 200 mg/dl. Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in our study population is quite high. Earlydetection of diabetes mellitus type 2 can be a good screening tool for early treatment and preventionof complications.  

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