scholarly journals Investigation on amitraz, coumaphos and thymol concentrations in honey produced by Slovenian beekeepers in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Helena BAŠA ČESNIK ◽  
Veronika KMECL

A survey on concentrations of veterinary drug residues amitraz, coumaphos and thymol in honey, produced in year 2020 by Slovenian beekeepers, was conducted. 100 samples were analysed: 22 from organic and 78 from conventional production, with two analytical methods. In method for determination of coumaphos and thymol samples were extracted with acetone, petroleumether and dichlorometane. In method for determination of amitraz and its degradation products, samples were hydrolisated with HCl and NaOH, extractied with n-hexane and derivatisated with heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Determination in both methods was performed with gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometer. Measured concentrations of amitraz, coumaphos and thymol were in the range of 0.01-0.12 mg kg-1, 0.02-0.06 mg kg-1 and 0.08-0.17 mg kg-1, respectively. In 61 % of samples analysed no residues of amitraz, thymol and coumaphos were found. Data obtained were compared with the data from literature. Chronic and acute exposure were calculated for consumers. Maximum chronic exposure for amitraz and thymol was 0.1 % and 0.05 % of acceptable daily intake, respectively. Maximum acute exposure for amitraz and thymol was 4 % and 0.8 % of acute reference dose, respectively

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-325
Author(s):  
J.O. Bosha ◽  
C.A. Akwuobu ◽  
P.A. Onyeyili

Tetracycline residues in broiler tissues were assayed using a microbiological assay method. A total of four hundred samples  representing one hundred samples of liver, kidney, lungs and breast muscles each, were collected from five different farms within Makurdi Metropolis. The analysis showed a total of 70 % residue incidence with the liver having 60 %, Kidney 31 %, lungs 14 % and muscles 5 % of the total. The highest concentration, of 6 µg/kg, was seen in the liver from farm 1, which had an incidence of 50 %, with the liver contributing 90 % of the incidence. Farm 2 had an incidence of 75 %, in which the liver contributed with 50 % of the cases. Farm 3 had a 100 % incidence, with the liver contributing with 75 % of the cases. Farm 4 had 75 % incidence, with the liver involved in all cases. Farm 5 had a 50 % incidence, all from the liver and kidney. Despite the higher incidence of 70 %, all the values were significantly (p < 0.01), lower than the recommended Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) or Tolerance of 600, 300 and 200 µg/kg for the liver, kidney and muscle respectively. The values were also in accordance within the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0-30 µg/kg, recommended by the Codex Alimentarius. This may be an indication of the rational use of antibiotics in good agricultural management in the selected farms in Makurdi Metropolis. Significantly, it shows that this method can be used mathematically to quantify drug residues in lower income areas. Key words: Tetracyclines, Residues, Broilers, Makurdi, Determination.


1976 ◽  
Vol 230 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME El Halawani ◽  
PE Waibel

Turnovers of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were determined in the brains of male turkeys during acute, chronic, and posttemperature stress. Changes induced in the depletion of endogenous monoamine levels 6 h after tyrosine hydroxylase or tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitions were regarded as changes in turnovers. High or low ambient temperature had no effect on brain DA turnover, whether the temperature stress was acute (6 h) or chronic (5 wk). Brain NE turnover increased upon acute exposure to either a cold (5 degrees C) or warm (32 degrees C) environment. Chronic exposure (5 wk) to such temperatures reduced significantly (P less than 0.001) the elevated NE turnover. The central E and 5-HT turnovers of birds kept at 32 degrees C for 6 h decreased and increased, respectively, whereas determination of E and 5-HT of birds kept at 5 degrees C showed an opposite pattern. Five weeks of continuous exposure to high and low environmental temperatures did not alter the changes in E and 5-HT turnovers from those observed during acute stress. Exposure of heat- or cold-reared turkeys to 24 degrees C reversed the changes in E and 5-HT turnovers. Thus the results indicated an increase in NE turnover only during acute exposure to thermal stress. However, the changes in E and 5-HT turnovers persisted during chronic exposure.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yao Zheng ◽  
Addotey Tracy Naa Adoley ◽  
Benkhelifa Fateh ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Gengdong Hu ◽  
...  

The aim of this work is to investigate the presence of methomyl pesticide residue and the rate of disappearance in mint cultivated in the aquaponics system based on the application of UPLC-MS to establish a safety time interval before crop harvesting. Results showed that an effective and sensitive method based on UPLC-MS has been used for the determination of methomyl pesticide residues in mint. The initial residue level was much higher in roots (79.52 μg/kg), and it can be decreased to 16.73 (after 15 days) μg/kg and 3.31 (20 days) μg/kg, while the least was detected on the mix leaves and stems (44.54 μg/kg), and it can be decreased to 15.35 (after 20 days). In our case, we suggest that a safety interval in the range of 15–20 days should be allowed after the detection of methomyl in water, and the concentration of methomyl was lower than the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) (20 μg/kg).


2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Shree Rawal ◽  
N Rana ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
J Sijapati

Pesticides have wide spread use and their toxic residues have been reported in various environmental matrices. Thus, the determination of pesticide residues in food commodities such as vegetables, cereals, fruits, and other environmental components like soil, water has become increasingly essential requirement for consumers, producers and authorities for food quality control. Therefore, monitoring of residue level and exposure assessment of organophosphate group of pesticides namely dichlorovos and methyl parathion was carried out in 30 winter and summer vegetables supplied in Kathmandu valley. It was found that the MRL value of dichlorovos exceeded in three types of vegetables whereas in case of methyl parathion the MRL value exceeded in two types of vegetables only. The estimated average daily intake (EADI) of dichlorovos exceeded the acceptable daily intake (ADI) in 18 vegetables, whereas, regarding methyl parathion the EADI exceeded the ADI in 10 types of vegetables. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 45-50 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7713


1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (04) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F M M van Bergen ◽  
Eduard A R Knot ◽  
Jan J C Jonker ◽  
Auke C de Boer ◽  
Moniek P M de Maat

SummaryWe studied the diagnostic value of recently introduced ELISA’s for the determination of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes, fibrin degradation products (FbDP), fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) and total degradation products (TDP) for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in plasma of 239 consecutive outpatients, suspected for DVT by their family doctor. DVT was confirmed by impedance plethysmography in 60 patients. Using the 95th percentile range of 42 healthy volunteers the sensitivity for the detection of DVT was: 37% for TAT, 95% for TDP, 92% for FbDP and 90% for FgDP. Specificity was: 88% for TAT, 16% for TDP, 20% for FbDP and 25% for FgDP.We conclude that these assays are of little value in the diagnosis of DVT in outpatients.


Author(s):  
K. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
Keshar N K ◽  
N Jena ◽  
M.E.B Rao ◽  
A K Patnaik

A stability-indicating LC assay method was developed for the quantitative determination of fenofibrate (FFB) in pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of its degradation products and kinetic determinations were evaluated in acidic, alkaline and peroxide degradation conditions. Chromatographic separation was achieved by use of Zorbax C18 column (250 × 4.0 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was established by mixing phosphate buffer (pH adjusted 3 with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile (30:70 v/v). FFB degraded in acidic, alkaline and hydrogen peroxide conditions, while it was more stable in thermal and photolytic conditions. The described method was linear over a range of 1.0-500 μg/ml for determination of FFB (r= 0.9999). The precision was demonstrated by relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra-day (RSD= 0.56– 0.91) and inter-day studies (RSD= 1.47). The mean recovery was found to be 100.01%. The acid and alkaline degradations of FFB in 1M HCl and 1M NaOH solutions showed an apparent zero-order kinetics with rate constants 0.0736 and 0.0698  min−1 respectively and the peroxide degradation with 5% H2O2 demonstrated an apparent first-order kinetics with rate constant k = 0.0202 per min. The t1/2, t90   values are also determined for all the kinetic studies. The developed method was found to be simple, specific, robust, linear, precise, and accurate for the determination of FFB in pharmaceutical formulations.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-693
Author(s):  
Arushi Jain ◽  
Pulkit Mathur

Background: Sulphites added as preservatives in food have been associated with adverse health effects in humans. Objective: The present study was designed with an objective of assessing the risk of sulphite exposure through food in adolescents (12-16 years old) of Delhi, India. Methods: A total of 1030 adolescents selected from four private and four government schools of Delhi, were asked to record their food intake using a 24 hour food record, repeated on three days, for assessing exposure to sulphites. The risk was assessed using six different scenarios of exposure. Results: The actual intake for sulphites for average consumers was 0.15 ± 0.13 mg / kg b.w. / day which was 21.4% of acceptable daily intake (ADI). For high consumers (P95), it was 65% of the ADI. However, for 2 respondents, the actual intake exceeded the ADI. The major food contributors to sulphite intake were beverage concentrates (46%), ready to serve beverages (22%) followed by miscellaneous food items (16%), mainly ice creams and snowballs. Estimation of sulphite intake using different exposure scenarios revealed that for certain scenarios where the highest reported sulphite level or maximum permissible levels were considered for calculation, the high consumers exceeded the ADI, though, for average consumers, intake was well below the ADI. Conclusion: Actual intake of sulphite for average consumers was well below the ADI but for high consumers was approaching the ADI. People with sulphite sensitivity need to be aware of hidden food sources of sulphites.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document