Sewage water from a hospital and its impact to microbial profiles: A case study

Author(s):  
Ramabele T. Katleho ◽  
Sissay Mekbib ◽  
Benad Omondi Abong'o
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Maria Ricciardi ◽  
Concetta Pironti ◽  
Oriana Motta ◽  
Rosa Fiorillo ◽  
Federica Camin ◽  
...  

AbstractIn this paper, we analysed the efflorescences present in the frescos of a monumental complex named S. Pietro a Corte situated in the historic centre of Salerno (Campania, Italy). The groundwater of the historic centre is fed by two important streams (the Rafastia and the Fusandola) that can be the sources of water penetration. The aims of this work are to (i) identify the stream that reaches the ancient frigidarium of S. Pietro a Corte and (ii) characterize the efflorescences on damaged frescos in terms of chemical nature and sources. In order to accomplish the first aim, the water of the Rafastia river (7 samples) and the water of the Fusandola river (7 samples) were analysed and compared with the water of a well of the Church (7 samples). The ionic chromatography measurements on the water samples allowed us to identify the Rafastia as the river that feeds the ancient frigidarium of S. Pietro a Corte. To investigate the nature and the origin of the efflorescences (our second aim), anionic chromatography analyses, X-ray diffraction measurements, and the isotopic determination of nitrogen were performed on the efflorescences (9 samples) and the salts recovered from the well (6 samples). Results of these analyses show that efflorescences are mainly made of potassium nitrate with a δ15N value of + 9.3 ± 0.2‰. Consequently, a plausible explanation for their formation could be the permeation of sewage water on the walls of the monumental complex.


2020 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 189-211
Author(s):  
A.M. Soliman ◽  
Adil Al-Falahi ◽  
Mohamed A. Sharaf Eldean ◽  
Monaem Elmnifi ◽  
Magdi Hassan ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-552
Author(s):  
Elangovan G ◽  
Rajanandhini V.M

The main objective of this study is to carry out to design of a sewage treatment plant for a Nagore and Nagore district, because it has been one of the developing pilgrimage places. Due to steady increase of increasing population, there will be more generation of domestic and municipal sewage. Sewage produces obnoxious smell which causes disease to all creatures. To avoid this problem, proper treatments is necessary before disposal to land by not throwing sewage directly to natural resources and reuse the treated water that ultimately reduces the overall demand of fresh water. Its objective is to produce an environmental safe fluid waste and solid waste suitable for disposal or reuse. In one day the total sewage generated was estimated 5 MLD considering the projected population of Nagore town for the next 30 years? Consequently this paper focuses on the sewage generation in the Nagore area based on the population and sewage treatment plant is designed accordingly. It is proposed to design the various components of sewage treatment plant considering the various standards and permissible limits of treated sewage water. The various components of sewage treatment plant are screening, grit chamber, primary sedimentation tank, biological reactor, secondary clarifier, activated sludge tank and drying beds.


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