scholarly journals Assessing Quality of City Development by the Acquired Criteria of Landscape Urbanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Gintaras Stauskis ◽  
Vaiva Deveikienė

Abstract We may see modern urbanism as a collection of many successful developments as well as a series of endless mistakes and repeated failures. The paper focuses on the analysis of existing and former urban planning and design patterns in aspect of efficiency of applied methods to achieve higher quality referring to the philosophy and practice of Landscape Urbanism. The Missionaries Block in Vilnius City serves as a case study for assessing its development in three distinguishable periods by the set of quality criteria derived from Landscape Urbanism theories and practices. The assessment results disclose an evident drop in the overall quality of the selected site’s development in the recent period. The paper discusses if and how one may use the method employed hereby for programming and shaping the future regeneration and redevelopment of existing urban setting.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Radosavljević ◽  
Aleksandra Đorđević ◽  
Kseniјa Lalović ◽  
Jelena Živković ◽  
Zoran Đukanović

Using heritage as a cultural artifact in city development is not new, but little has been explored about how urban heritage can be utilized as new generative value and a new planning instrument for the revival of cities. The purpose of this paper is to show the creative and the generative use of urban heritage, both for the extension of cultural and tourist offer of the city and for the improvement of the quality of life in physical, social and economic terms for the community. The case study method was used for the adaptive reuse of projects for heritage buildings and urban revival in Kikinda. We argue that urban heritage has to be used, bearing in mind its spatial, economic and social sustainability aspects, and become a generator of urban revival. We go beyond recognition of the value of heritage as a cultural artifact that should solely be preserved and used as a static element in urban development, and view it more as a dynamic asset for city revival processes. We found that for the heritage nodes to be utilized as the new generative value for the revival of cities, they have to be perceived from the network perspective, thus influencing the urban environment in a sustainable way.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1568
Author(s):  
Nadia A. Al-Salam ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Jaberi ◽  
Ahmed S. Al-Khafaji

The article includes the concept of aesthetics through what has been dealt with in the literature by philosophers and researchers who have addressed this concept in an attempt to derive indicators of aesthetics. The article adopted a descriptive and analytical methodology by reviewing recent literature on the concept of aesthetics and its relation to urban planning and design issues. Many subjective and objective aesthetics indicators have been identified, some of which are classified under real aesthetics, and some under fake aesthetics. The indicators were applied to the Kufa Mosque complex and Sahla Mosque complex as a comparative case study. It was found that the indicators of real aesthetics have a higher weight in determining the final aesthetic judgment on the complex form versus the fake indicators, which in turn reinforced the weighting of the subjective aspect over the objective. This was consistent with the answer to the question directed to the sample about which complexes are more aesthetic. The answer was that the Kufa Mosque complex is most aesthetically. This was proven by the questions directed in the questionnaire, which outweighed the real aesthetic indicators for the Kufa Mosque complex. As for the results of analyzing the indicators of fake aesthetic were equal, as each complex achieved higher values in three indicators. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091743 Full Text: PDF


2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-265
Author(s):  
Matas Cirtautas

Extensive urban growth is often considered an uncoordinated process creating chaotic and fragmented suburban landscape. Such negative attitude is widespread among urban researchers and planners. But it contradicts with the very nature of the phenomenon – suburban sprawl is partly encouraged by people, who keep settling there due to a better quality of housing. This one and some other contradictions motivate more detailed morphological studies of the suburban fabric. This paper describes a research model, which is based on the three fundamental components of urban morphological research (form, resolution and time), and discusses the possibilities of its practical application for morphological examination of suburban settlements in Lithuania. Suggested research model is versatile and suitable for dealing with various morphological research problems of modern urban fabric, such as distinguishing different suburban tissues, analyzing their formation patterns, identifying their specific characteristics. As shown in the article, morphological knowledge can be integrated into the urban planning and design processes and be useful in guiding sustainable development of suburban settlements. Santrauka Ekstensyvi miestų plėtra dažnai laikoma nekoordinuota, kuriančia chaotišką ir fragmentišką priemiestinį kraštovaizdį. Toks plačiai tarp miesto tyrėjų ir planuotojų įsivyravęs bei neigiamų reikšmių turintis priemiestinės plėtros traktavimas prieštarauja pačiai reiškinio prigimčiai – ekstensyvią miesto plėtrą iš dalies lemia dėl geresnės būsto kokybės noriai ten besikuriantys žmonės. Šis ir kiti prieštaravimai skatina detaliau analizuoti priemiestines urbanistines struktūras. Tam parankūs urbanistinės morfologijos metodai, kurie taikomi tiriant priemiestinių gyvenamųjų vietovių urbanistinės struktūros formavimosi dėsningumus, nustatant išskirtinius jų bruožus. Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis urbanistinės morfologijos tyrimų srities tradicijomis ir tendencijomis, pateikiamas pagrindiniais morfologinės analizės principais pagrįstas tyrimų modelis, kuris, kaip rodo nagrinėjami priemiestinių urbanizuotų struktūrų morfologinių studijų pavyzdžiai, būtų parankus tirti Lietuvos didmiesčių ekstensyvios plėtros formuojamus priemiestinius darinius morfologiniu aspektu. Tokio tyrimo rezultatai leistų daryti apibendrinimus dėl priemiestinių gyvenviečių vyraujančių raidos tendencijų, jų morfostruktūros transformacijos dėsningumų ir galimybių koordinuoti šių vietovių raidą ateityje, atsižvelgiant į darnios plėtros sampratoje keliamus uždavinius.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Marwa Abouhassan

Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about identity and place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture, and environmental psychology. Place identity has become a significant issue in the last 25 years in urban planning and design. Place identity concerns the meaning and significance of places for their inhabitants and users, and how these meanings contribute to individuals' conceptualizations of self. Place identity also relates to the context of mogdernity, history, and the politics of representation (Proshansky et al., 1995).Jeddah went through dramatic changes in the last 70 years after demolishing the old city wall and oil booming, which affected the identity, traditions, and lifestyle (Shiber, 1967). In order to eliminate the lack of city identity and change the people's attachment to Jeddah's new urban development, this paper will take Khuzam Palace Museum as a case study to express the relationship between the past and present in the city. The paper will have an analytical review of urban memory, place identity, and place attachment elements. At the end, the paper will set some recommendations to consider using and respecting the community memories from the past that related physical elements and social interaction that have to express into new forms of place-making in the future development to increase the identity and the sense of belonging in Jeddah city.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Peiling Zhou ◽  
Hongkun Xie

Abstract Background: Physical activity diversity (PAD) is an essential indicator to present the vitality of health city, and how to improve PAD from the built environment perspective is a key issue for healthy urban planning and design, especially in high-density cities; Methods: This study selected Shenzhen, China as a representative case, combined the diversity of PA participants, types and occurrence times for the comprehensive understanding of PAD, fully used multiple source data for the measurement and statistical analysis of PAD and built environments, to discover the relationships between the built environment and PAD, and to explore the different effects in clustered and sprawled high-density urban forms; Results: PAD was unevenly distributed in Shenzhen, higher in the clustered areas and lower in the sprawled ares and the effects of the built environment on PAD were significantly different between two kinds of areas; Conclusions: the built environment supports PAD by progressive effects, in which accessibility is the necessary and funda-mental condition to activate individual PAs, inclusiveness is sufficiently supports the coaction of various kind of PAs to consolidate PAD, and landscape attractiveness furtherly aggregates more PAs to achieve higher PAD. To create accessible, inclusive, and attractive built environments are crucial ways to improve the vitality of healthy city development in high-density cities.


Author(s):  
Yann-Gaël Gueheneuc ◽  
Jean-Yves Guyomarc’h ◽  
Khashayar Khosravi ◽  
Hourari Sahraoui

Software quality models link internal attributes of programs with external quality characteristics. They help in understanding relationships among internal attributes and between internal attributes and quality characteristics. Object-oriented software quality models usually use metrics on classes (such as number of methods) or on relationships between classes (for example coupling) to measure internal attributes of programs. However, the quality of object-oriented programs does not depend on classes solely: it depends on the organisation of classes also. We propose an approach to build quality models using patterns to consider program architectures. We justify the use of patterns to build quality models, describe the advantages and limitations of such an approach, and introduce a first case study in building and in applying a quality model using design patterns on the JHotDraw, JUnit, and Lexi programs. We conclude on the advantages of using patterns to build software quality models and on the difficulty of doing so.


Author(s):  
Aggelos Tsaligopoulos ◽  
Chris Economou ◽  
Yiannis G. Matsinos

Urban growth retains a bipolar dissension regarding quality of life as it is both deleterious and beneficial for urban dwellers. Environmental noise could be considered a byproduct of growth, and according to numerus studies, it should not be ignored. The small urban setting of Mytilene located in the island of Lesvos (North Aegean, Greece) was the case study of this research. By implementing a novel protocol, the potential Quiet Areas of Mytilene were highlighted. The methodology consisted of noise measurements, soundscape recordings, and strategic noise mapping using the CadnaA noise prediction software. Furthermore, several soundwalks were conducted with the scope to obtain the citizen perspective regarding Quiet Area management. The way that city inhabitants perceive their acoustic surroundings could determine the character of the landscape along with the quality of the soundscape and define the meaning of quietness, which still remains vague.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi Fàbregues ◽  
Marie-Hélène Paré ◽  
Julio Meneses

The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study is to describe and compare how researchers in the education, nursing, psychology, and sociology disciplines operationalize and conceptualize the quality of mixed methods research (MMR). An international sample of 44 MMR researchers representing these four disciplines were interviewed. The study findings point to (a) two perspectives from which the quality of MMR is understood, one contingent and flexible and the other universal and fixed; (b) a relationship between these two perspectives and the participants’ discipline; and (c) a similar occurrence, both in terms of nature and frequency, of the MMR quality criteria most mentioned by the participants across disciplines. Implications of the findings for the field of MMR are discussed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Agius ◽  
Soheil Sabri ◽  
Mohsen Kalantari

Multi-dimensional representation of urban settings has received a great deal of attention among urban planners, policy makers, and urban scholars. This is due to the fact that cities grow vertically and new urbanism strategies encourage higher density and compact city development. Advancements in computer technology and multi-dimensional geospatial data integration, analysis and visualisation play a pivotal role in supporting urban planning and design. However, due to the complexity of the models and technical requirements of the multi-dimensional city models, planners are yet to fully exploit such technologies in their activities. This paper proposes a workflow to support non-experts in using three-dimensional city modelling tools to carry out planning control amendments and assess their implications. The paper focuses on using a parametric three-dimensional (3D) city model to enable planners to measure the physical (e.g., building height, shadow, setback) and functional (e.g., mix of land uses) impacts of new planning controls. The workflow is then implemented in an inner suburb of Metropolitan Melbourne, where urban intensification strategies require the planners to carry out radical changes in regulations. This study demonstrates the power of the proposed 3D visualisation tool for urban planners at taking two-dimensional (2D) Geographic Information System (GIS) procedural modelling to construct a 3D model.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-636
Author(s):  
Alexander Gösta ◽  
André Agi ◽  
Jacob Flårback ◽  
Jesper Karlsson ◽  
Ellen Simonsson

This article aims to map how different digital tools can be useful for architects and how they might affect their work processes. Researchers and professionals were interviewed to investigate what they found valuable to measure, which methods they used within their analyses, as well as the opportunities and risks they see for the future of the field with regards to digital tools. As part of the survey, a workshop was held with architects and project managers examining the possibilities of connecting existing methods and tools to the sustainability certification system, City Lab Action Guide, and through that, to achieve a more ambitious set of sustainability goals for the projects. Findings from the study indicate that there are risks associated with giving data an increasingly important role in the design work. A working model never provides the full truth but is inherently limited by its constraints. It is important to acknowledge that all angles and aspects of a problem can never be represented in a model. Another possible risk identified lies in the quality of, and access to, data. In a scenario where data plays an increasingly important role, it is not only the quality of the datasets that is of utmost importance, but it is equally important that the urban planners who request the analyses ask the questions first, and then collect the necessary data, instead of vice versa.


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