Multiple behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among adolescents in four Caribbean countries: prevalence and correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Objectives The study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Content In all 9,143 adolescents (15 years = median age) participated in the cross-sectional “2016 Dominican Republic, 2016 Suriname, 2017 Jamaica, and 2017 Trinidad and Tobago Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)”. Eight behavioural risk factors of NCDs were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Summary Prevalence of each behavioural NCD risk factor was physical inactivity (84.2%), inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (82.2%), leisure-time sedentary behaviour (49.6%), daily ≥2 soft drinks intake (46.8%), ever drunk (28.6%), twice or more days a week fast food consumption (27.6%), having overweight/obesity (27.4%), and current tobacco use (13.8%). Students had on average 3.6 (SD=1.4), and 79.0% had 3–8 behavioural NCD risk factors. In multivariable linear regression, psychological distress and older age increased the odds, and attending school and parental support decreased the odds of multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Outlook A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered and several factors independently contributing to multiple behavioural NCD risk factors were identified.

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Taherifard ◽  
Mohammad Javad Moradian ◽  
Ehsan Taherifard ◽  
Abdolrasool Hemmati ◽  
Behnaz Rastegarfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Southern Iran

Abstract Background Refugees are highly vulnerable to many health-related risks. Monitoring non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is of overriding importance in these populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs amongst Afghan refugees in a refugee camp located in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional sturdy was conducted in 2018. Risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, obesity and overweight, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Data were gathered with a modified WHO STEPS procedure. Prevalence and age-standardized prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results The estimated prevalence were 94% for inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, 18% for physical inactivity, 9% for tobacco smoking, 3% for FPG, 20% for HTN, 51% for central obesity, 24% for overweight, 19% for obesity, and 69% for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Except for inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and dyslipidaemia, the prevalence of other NCD risk factors was low among Afghan refugees in Iran. Raising awareness about healthy diet and its importance and the provision of more affordable fruit and vegetables are two effective measures toward improving the health of refugees in Iran.

scholarly journals Behavioural risk factors in university students in Bucaramanga, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Martinez-Rueda ◽  
M A Camacho ◽  
I J Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

Abstract Background The changes generated in the studentś lifestyle due to the academic demands, may favour the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases as well as compromise other domains of their life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of behavioural risk factors in students of the Professional in Physical Activity and Sports program of a University in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 189 students was conducted. The students were surveyed with the first step of the STEPs questionnaire, which evaluates the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases. A descriptive data analysis was performed, and Pearson tests were applied to determine the correlation between the analysed variables with a level of significance α = 0.05 using STATA 13.0. Results 80% of the participants were men. The age average was 22.7 ± 3.85 years. Regarding tobacco use, 10.1% of the participants were current smokers, while 30% smoked before. The majority of the participants (92.2%) have consumed alcohol within the past 12 months, while 69.8% consumed alcohol within the last month, with 8.7% of hazardous drinking. Concerning the diet, only 24.9% met the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables per day. When assessing physical activity levels, only 6.3% were classified as physically inactive. Additionally, an average of 6 hours of sedentary behaviour was found, with 31.2% of excessive sedentary time. A weak correlation was found between age and academic cycle with the amount of physical activity at work (r = 0.24), (r = 0.18) and with sedentary time (r = -0.28), (-0, 32). Conclusions Although the prevalence of tobacco consumption was slightly higher than the national average, the students showed a lower prevalence of behavioural risk factors than the general population. However, it is necessary to promote strategies aimed at the control and prevention of these risk factors. Key messages Being a student of a program focused on physical activity and sport, can behave as a protective factor against the most prevalent risk factors in university life. It is necessary to implement more strategies centred on making students aware of the importance of the maintenance and improvement of their lifestyles in accordance with their professional profile.

Prevalence and correlates of multiple behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among university students from 24 countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Globally non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase. The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of multiple behavioural risk factors of NCDs among university students from 24 countries. Methods In a cross-sectional study, the sample included 18 017 university students from countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Results indicate that prevalence of single behavioural NCD risk indicators were 38.2% for physical inactivity, 80.5% for inadequate fruit and vegetables intake, 23.1% for having overweight/obesity, 10.5% for heavy alcohol use and 11.8% for current tobacco use. Students had on average 1.6 (SD = 0.9), and 15.9% had three or more behavioural NCD risk factors. In adjusted linear regression, male sex was positively and stronger beliefs in health benefits were negatively associated with multiple behavioural NCD risk factors. Conclusions A high prevalence and co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors of NCDs was discovered. Several behavioural NCD risk factors, such as male sex and low health behaviour benefits beliefs, were found that could be utilized in targeted interventions.

scholarly journals Mortality and Risk Factors in Patients With COVID-19 in Ecuador: A Cross-Sectional Analytic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Rolando Quizhpe Ordoñez ◽  
Eduardo Montalvo ◽  
Maritza Paez ◽  
Tatiana Guevara ◽  
Danny Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin America ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background: In Ecuador, a high mortality was observed during the maximum peak of COVID-19 cases in spring/summer 2020. Thus, 10000 thousand more deaths were registered in 2020 compared to 2019 in the same period time. A few researchers in Latin America have identified clinical conditions that could be associated with severity and mortality of this disease. The aim of this study was to describe main clinical characteristics and risk factors in patients with COVID-19 in the Ecuadorian context. Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted from March to July 2020. Adult patients with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR test and admitted in emergency service was included in this study. Descriptive statistical measures were computed, and Chi-squared and logistic regression were performed to analyze associations between categorical variables. Results: The main results of 157 patients, showed that had a high prevalence of comorbidities (45%), and the case-fatality rate in this group was around 37%. Hypertension (17.83%) and diabetes (14.65%) were the most prevalent chronic diseases with a significant difference between sex groups (p value 0.00). Risk factor such as age more than 65 years, presence of comorbidities such as non-communicable diseases, and abnormalities in blood markers like urea, AST, lactate, leucocytes, PO2 and D-dimer increased risk to die in this population. Conclusions: The elevated prevalence of non-communicable diseases (hypertension and diabetes) contributed to a high mortality in adult patients with COVID-19. Huge challenges must face health care systems in the Latin America countries due to the high prevalence of these diseases.

Clustering of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among rural-based adolescents in south-west Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajibola Idowu ◽  
Adesegun O. Fatusi ◽  
Folakemi O. Olajide
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
School Based ◽  
South West

Abstract Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the leading cause of deaths globally and the key associated risk factors – alcohol abuse, physical inactivity, cigarette smoking and poor dietary patterns – are often initiated in adolescence. Co-existence of these risk factors further increase the risk for NCDs. Yet, very little is known about the pattern of co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors for NCDs among Nigerian adolescents, especially those in rural areas. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of clustering patterns of behavioural risk factors for NCDs among in-school adolescents in rural areas of Osun State, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 476 adolescents recruited through multi-stage sampling across Osun State. Data were collected through a facilitated self-administered questionnaire with questions adapted from the Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) instrument. Data were analysed using Stata, with binary logistic regression used to identify determinants. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 14.7±2.0 years and females constituted 50.2% of them. Among the respondents, 36.1% had reported consuming alcoholic drinks but no one met the criteria for harmful alcohol use, while 8.8% had ever smoked cigarettes and only one respondent (0.2%) was a current smoker. The prevalence of poor diet (89.5%) and physical inactivity (85.9%) was, however, high. Poor diet and physical inactivity co-occurred in 369 (77.5%) respondents, while one respondent (0.2%) had three risk factors (poor diet, physical inactivity and current smoking). Being in a senior secondary school class (odds ratio, OR=1.6; 95% confidence interval, C.I.=1.04–2.39) and living with parents (OR=0.53; 0.33–0.90) were significantly associated with clustering of NCD behavioural risk factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of clustering of modifiable risk factors for NCDs was high among rural-based in-school adolescents in south-west Nigeria, and there is a need to mount effective interventions. Findings from this study have the potential to inform effective school-based NCD control programmes.

scholarly journals A study on non-communicable diseases, it’s prevalence on anthropometric and behavioural risk factors on tribal population of Raigad district: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5929
Author(s):  
Jyoti Ajit Parle ◽  
Manali N. Yadav ◽  
Kishor Raut
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasing at an alarming rate due to lifestyle modifications and increased level of stress but the prevalence of it in tribal population is still lacking. Thus, the study aimed at identifying the risk factors for non-communicable diseases among healthy adults aged 16-80 years in the tribal population of Raigad district.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was done with 920 individuals aged 16-80 years of tribal population. Each subject was interviewed using the WHO stepwise questionnaire; where information on diet, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol, and treatment history for hypertension and diabetes were collected along with blood pressure (BP) measurement. Height, weight and waist circumference were also measured.Results: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Moderate prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco was observed in the tribal areas targeted with the number of smokers being more than the users of smokeless tobacco. Consumption of alcohol was seen in half of the population in the age group of 16-50 years. Low consumption of fruits and vegetables was seen across all the age groups. Most of the target population falls under the normal BMI category while a fewer population falls under the overweight category.Conclusions: High prevalence of behavioural risk factors were found with awareness about NCD’s was found to be alarmingly low among the tribal population. Prevention of NCD’s through detection of risk factor can control the spread of non-communicable diseases, and will help in identifying earlier with its detection and treatment same as communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh: findings of the population-based cross-sectional national survey 2018

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e041334
Author(s):  
Baizid Khoorshid Riaz ◽  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
A N M Shamsul Islam ◽  
M M Zaman ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Targeted Interventions

ObjectivesTo determine the national prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the adult population of Bangladesh.DesignThe study was a population-based national cross-sectional study.SettingThis study used 496 primary sampling units (PSUs) developed by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. The PSUs were equally allocated to each division and urban and rural stratum within each division.ParticipantsThe participants were adults aged 18 to 69 years, who were usual residents of the households for at least 6 months and stayed the night before the survey. Out of 9900 participants, 8185 (82.7%) completed STEP-1 and STEP-2, and 7208 took part in STEP-3.Primary and secondary outcomeThe prevalence of behavioural, physical and biochemical risk factors of NCD. Data were weighted to generate national estimates.ResultsTobacco use was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the rural (45.2%) than the urban (38.8%) population. Inadequate fruit/vegetable intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the urban (92.1%) than in the rural (88.9%) population. The mean salt intake per day was higher in the rural (9.0 g) than urban (8.9 g) population. Among all, 3.0% had no, 70.9% had 1 to 2 and 26.2% had ≥3 NCD risk factors. The urban population was more likely to have insufficient physical activity (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.2, 95% CI: 1.2 to 1.2), obesity (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.5 to 1.5), hypertension (AOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.3 to 1.3), diabetes (AOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.6 to 1.6) and hyperglycaemia (AOR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.1 to 1.1).ConclusionsConsidering the high prevalence of the behavioural, physical and biochemical risk factors, diverse population and high-risk group targeted interventions are essential to combat the rising burden of NCDs.

scholarly journals School related factors affecting non communicable diseases risk factors among 13-15 years old adolescents from two schools in Delhi

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3087
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kedar ◽  
Sanjay Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Active Involvement

Background: Children and adolescents are more vulnerable to developing NCD (non communicable diseases) risk factors due to changing lifestyles. Hence it is essential to recognize NCD risk factors among adolescents. School plays an important role in imparting knowledge and shaping the behaviours and practices among children. This study focusses on the school related factors that may be influencing the NCD risk factors among adolescents.Methods: The study was conducted among 438 students, 13 to 15 years old of two central government schools in Delhi. A self-administered modified STEPS questionnaire, an observation checklist for assessing facilities at schools and an interview schedule for school staff were used to collect data.Results: The statistically significant determinants of inadequate fruits and vegetable intake and excess fast food intake were consumption of fast food from vendors selling food outside the school (OR=4.36), inadequate physical activity at school (OR=2.56) and feeling stressed at school (OR=2.93). Physical activity at school was an important determinant for overall physical activity of students (OR=2.38). Current tobacco use and current alcohol use was determined by feeling stressed at school (OR=3.12). Health education classes at school had a protective effect on the NCD risk factors.Conclusions: Many school related factors such as absence of playground at school, stressed life at school and vendors selling fast food outside school were seen to influence lifestyle risk factors amongst adolescents. Hence an active involvement of school by increasing health education classes and providing adequate facilities for physical activities may help in reducing the NCD risk factors among students.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices of Adolescents about risk factors for Non-Communicable Diseases at Kabwohe Health Centre IV.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dickson Agaba ◽  
ALLAN MUHUMUZA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background:  Non-communicable diseases (NCDS) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Adolescents are involved in lifestyle behaviors that foster NCDs development later on in the future because of their lack of knowledge about NCDs risk factors. However, there is a paucity of studies that have dealt with knowledge and practices of adolescents about NCDs risk factors. This study therefore aimed at assessing the knowledge and practices of adolescents about NCDs risk factors at Kabwohe HCIV. Methods:  A health center-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 adolescents receiving health-related care services at Kabwohe health center IV. Information was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used in the statistical interpretation. Results:  The overall knowledge of adolescents about NCDs risk factors was 60%. Concerning diet that has fruits, the majority 60(62.4%) took fruits at least once, twice or thrice in a week while 35(37.6%) took fruits more frequently as in four, five times or days as they are indicated in the table above. About vegetable intake,57(60%) percent took a diet with vegetables once, twice, or thrice in a week compared to the 38(40%) that took a diet with vegetables many times a week.44(35.8%) took sugary foods more often i.e. many times in a week compared to the 61(64.3%) that took them less often. The following variables were significantly associated with knowledge about NCDs risk factors: area of residence (p=.0028), Level of education (p=.0181). Conclusion:  Average levels of knowledge were recorded among adolescents receiving care at Kabwohe health center IV though there were high practicing percentages of the risky healthy lifestyle behaviors that foster NCDs development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document