scholarly journals Analysis of resistance of T91 steel under load in liquid PbBi

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
L. Rozumová ◽  
F. Di Gabriele ◽  
A. Hojná
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Iso Standard ◽  
Experimental Time ◽  
Metal Medium ◽  
Liquid Metal Medium ◽  
Surface Changes

Abstract This paper describes behaviour of the ferritic-martensitic steel T91 after long-term exposure in liquid eutectic PbBi. Small specimens of the steel were pre-loaded according to the ISO Standard No. 7539-2 and subsequently exposed to PbBi. The experiment was carried out in a flowing and static liquid metal medium at 350°C. The experimental time was selected for the flowing environment at 1000 hours and for static environment at 2000 hours. After exposure, the specimens were analysed by use SEM and EDX. Surface changes of the specimens from different experimental conditions were compared and discussed. The initiation of the cracks wasn´t observed in the monitored expositions.

scholarly journals Increase of Durability of Austenitic Steel by Overlap of Carburization and Diffusion Saturation from Liquid Metal Medium Solutions Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 502-511
Author(s):  
Aleksandr G. Sokolov ◽  
Eduard E. Bobylyov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Diffusion Saturation ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Metal Medium ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Thickness Of Diffusion Layer ◽  
Liquid Metal Medium ◽  
Technological Impact ◽  
And Diffusion

This paper investigated the overlap of carburization and diffusion saturation from liquid metal medium solutions technologies. The carburization of austhenic steel able to increase of its wear resistance and microhardness to 700HV. But this kind of treatment provided to reduction of corrosion resistance. This effect conditioned by formation of chromium carbides, herewith austenite of steel impoverished of chromium. This paper proposes the new technology lets increase the durability of asthenic steels, using carburization and diffusion saturation in eutectic Pb-Bi-Li medium with adding of nickel and chromium. The most effective technology consisted of previous carburization, diffusion saturation and final carburization. First carburization provided to increase of surface layers microhardness to 2800 MPa, diffusion saturation to 7500 MPa, the final carburization to 19500 MPa. The properties of coating depended of combination of technological impact and technological modes of every stage of technological process: temperature and duration. The temperature influenced to microhardness of coating: when the temperature increased microhardness decreased. The duration of diffusion saturation influenced to thickness of diffusion layer: when the duration increased the thickness increased too

Eutectic crystallized FePd nanoparticles for liquid metal magnet

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (48) ◽  
pp. 6555-6558
Author(s):  
Zefan Shao ◽  
Lu An ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Yulong Huang ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Metal Medium ◽  
Liquid Metal Medium

A liquid metal magnet achieved by eutectic-grown FePd nanoparticles in a gallium liquid metal medium.

Characterization of Arc Generated Plasma Interactions with a Liquid Metal Medium

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197-1201
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Hahn ◽  
Elijah H. Martin ◽  
Mohamed A. Bourham
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Plasma Interactions ◽  
Metal Medium ◽  
Liquid Metal Medium

Quantification of the Long-Term Performance of Steels T91 and 316L in Oxygen-Containing Flowing Lead-Bismuth Eutectic at 550°C

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schroer ◽  
Juergen Konys
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
Liquid Metal Flow ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

The long-term performance of ferritic/martensitic steel T91 and austenitic 316L in oxygen-containing flowing lead-bismuth eutectic at 550°C was investigated by exposing the materials for up to 15,000 h in the CORRIDA loop. The velocity of the liquid-metal flow was 2 m/s and the concentration of dissolved oxygen averaged 1.6×10−6 mass %. The resulting corrosion processes and products were analyzed and quantified using metallographic methods.

Corrosion-Mechanical Behavior of T91 and 14-19Cr ODS Steels Exposed to Flowing Lead-Bismuth

2016 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 627-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hojna ◽  
Hynek Hadraba ◽  
Fosca di Gabriele ◽  
Roman Husak ◽  
Ivo Kuběna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Liquid Metal Embrittlement ◽  
Liquid Lead ◽  
Oxide Layers ◽  
Ods Steels

This work describes the behavior of T91 (9Cr ferritic-martensitic steel), MA957 ODS (14%Cr, 0.3Mo, 0.9Ti, 0.25%Y2O3) and PM2000 ODS (19%Cr, 5%Al, 0.25%Y2O3) steels produced by mechanical alloying process, after long-term exposure to liquid lead-bismuth eutectic. Small bend specimens were pre-strained, then exposed to flowing lead-bismuth at 350°C for 100, 500 and 1000 hours. After exposure, the specimens were examined by using SEM equipped with EDX. The resulting changes of surface and built-up oxide layers are discussed. Liquid Metal Embrittlement, LME, crack initiation was not observed in the specimens. The absence of LME in these conditions is discussed.

scholarly journals Developing the software and hardware complex to diagnose the ascent of gas bubbles in a liquid metal by the Doppler anemometry method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2057 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
A S Strelnik ◽  
S V Dvoinishnikov ◽  
V G Meledin ◽  
V V Rahmanov ◽  
G V Bakakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Two Phase Flows ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Ultrasonic Diagnostics ◽  
Hardware Complex ◽  
Metal Medium ◽  
Liquid Metal Medium ◽  
Software And Hardware

Abstract The complex method of ultrasonic diagnostics of two-phase flows in a liquid metal medium is developed. It allows measuring the dynamic and structural characteristics of the floating inhomogeneity. A software and hardware complex that implements the proposed method is developed and tested for ultrasonic diagnostics of two-phase flows in water and liquid metal medium.

Comparisons of the Oxide Layer Between Static Liquid-Bismuth-Eutectic and Gas Environments

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsuo Zhang ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Liquid Lead ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lead Alloys ◽  
Corrosion And Oxidation

The competition between corrosion and oxidation on a steel surface immersed in lead alloys with controlled oxygen leads to different oxide-layer characteristics as compared with those formed in gases. The presence of a liquid metal [liquid lead or lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE)] can either enhance or reduce the oxidation rate, resulting in different oxide growth rates and microstructures. Based on analysis of experimental results in static LBE/lead and gases under the same experimental conditions, we predict the oxide-layer structure and thickness as functions of immersion time and analyze the factors that play important roles in the oxidation process in LBE/lead. It is shown that there is a significant difference between the oxide formed in liquid lead alloys and in gases, including the oxide-layer structure. To generate a stable protective oxide layer on steel surfaces in LBE, the long-term corrosion effect, the supply of oxygen, and the penetration of the liquid metal into the structural materials or oxide layers must be taken into account.

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