scholarly journals How a West African language becomes North African, and vice versa

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lameen Souag
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
West African ◽  
North African ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Semantic Maps ◽  
Language Area ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
First Time ◽  
African Sahel

Abstract Updating the methodology of Hayward, Richard J. 1991. A propos patterns of lexicalization in the Ethiopian language area. In Daniela Mendel & Ulrike Claudi (eds.), Ägypten im afroorientalischen Kontext. Special issue of Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere, 139–156. Cologne: Institute of African Studies, using the concept of colexification (François, Alexandre. 2008. Semantic maps and the typology of colexification: Intertwining polysemous networks across languages. In Martine Vanhove (ed.), Studies in language companion series, vol. 106, 163–215. Amsterdam: John Benjamins), this paper, for the first time, provides quantitative evidence that the languages of the West African Sahel/Savanna form a lexical-typological language area characterised by shared colexifications absent further north. It then uses the linguistic comparative method to determine how languages entering or leaving this area, or coming into increasing contact with it at its edges, have converged with their new neighbours within the past millennium. The results indicate sharp differences in the respective roles and rates of borrowing and calquing, with the latter acting almost exclusively to increase shared colexifications.

Rock art in sub-Saharan Mali

Antiquity ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (290) ◽  
pp. 799-800
Author(s):  
Cornelia Kleinitz
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
West African ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Blank Space ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

Sub-Saharan West Africa has remained largely a blank space on the world rock-art map, in spite of a steady trickle of reports during the past century on pictograph and petroglyph sites in the West African sahel and savanna belts. It seems that the nature of the rock art reported, predominantly ‘geometric’ and saurian motifs, and ‘stick figures’, as well as its apparent recent age, formed little incentive for in-depth studies of rock art in this region. From sub-Saharan Mali, for example, only two sites have been published to a satisfactory standard (Huysecom 1990; Huysecom et al. 1996). The richness of the region in rock art, as indicated by several authors (e.g. Griaule 1938; Huysecom & Mayor 1991/92; Togola et al. 1995), has been confirmed by on-going research on rock art in the Boucle du Baoulé region (map, FIGURE 5) in the southwest of the country (Kleinitz 2000). In three field seasons, 14 known and 38 newly identified rock-shelters and open-air sites with pictographs and peboglyphs have been recorded.

scholarly journals Pearl millet and iron in the West African Sahel: Archaeobotanical investigation at Tongo Maaré Diabal, Mali

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 103110
Author(s):  
L. Champion ◽  
N. Gestrich ◽  
K. MacDonald ◽  
L. Nieblas-Ramirez ◽  
D.Q. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

scholarly journals Vulnerability to stunting in the West African Sahel

Food Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Federica Alfani ◽  
Andrew Dabalen ◽  
Peter Fisker ◽  
Vasco Molini
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

Long-term fertility experiments for irrigated rice in the West African Sahel: effect on soil characteristics

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Haefele ◽  
M.C.S. Wopereis ◽  
A.-M. Schloebohm ◽  
H. Wiechmann
Keyword(s):  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

scholarly journals A synthetic view of rainfall intensification in the West African Sahel

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Chagnaud ◽  
Geremy Panthou ◽  
Theo Vischel ◽  
Thierry Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
West African ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

Abstract The West African Sahel has been facing for more than 30 years an increase in extreme rainfalls with strong socio-economic impacts. This situation challenges decision-makers to define adaptation strategies in a rapidly changing climate. The present study proposes (i) a quantitative characterization of the trends in extreme rainfalls at the regional scale, (ii) the translation of the trends into metrics that can be used by hydrological risk managers, (iii) elements for understanding the link between the climatology of extreme and mean rainfall. Based on a regional non-stationary statistical model applied to in-situ daily rainfall data over the period 1983-2015, we show that the region-wide increasing trend in extreme rainfalls is highly significant. The change in extreme value distribution reflects an increase in both the mean and variability, producing a 5%/decade increase in extreme rainfall intensity whatever the return period. The statistical framework provides operational elements for revising the design methods of hydraulic structures which most often assume a stationary climate. Finally, the study shows that the increase in extreme rainfall is more attributable to an increase in the intensity of storms (80%) than to their occurrence (20%), reflecting a major disruption from the decadal variability of the rainfall regime documented in the region since 1950.

scholarly journals Vulnerability to Malnutrition in the West African Sahel

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Alfani ◽  
Andrew Dabalen ◽  
Peter Fisker ◽  
Vasco Molini
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel
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