The Impact of Medicaid Expansions on Nonprofit Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Khaldoun AbouAssi
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Nonprofit Hospitals ◽  
Federal Poverty Line ◽  
Medicaid Eligibility ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medicaid Expansions

Abstract The 2010 Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid eligibility to states’ residents with incomes below the federal poverty line, creating both opportunities and challenges to hospitals in states that adopted the new Medicaid eligibility. This article explores the effect of Medicaid expansions on nonprofit hospitals. Using data from Internal Revenue Service and a difference-in-differences design, this article examines the impact of the expansions on the number of, contributions to, and profitability of nonprofit hospitals. The results suggest that Medicaid expansions did not affect the number and profitability of nonprofit hospitals; however, the expansions were associated with a reduction in contributions to certain types of hospitals by around 23%. Therefore, the effects of policy changes vary by the type of nonprofit hospitals, which then need to find better strategies to cope with these changes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansions on Applications to Federal Disability Programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Anand ◽  
Jody Schimmel Hyde ◽  
Maggie Colby ◽  
Paul O’Leary
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Disability Insurance ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Social Security Disability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medicaid Expansions

Abstract In this paper, we estimate the impact of Medicaid expansions via the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) on applications to federal disability programs in 14 states that expanded Medicaid in January 2014. We use a difference-in-differences regression model to compare disability application rates in geographic areas within states that expanded Medicaid to rates in areas of non-expansion states that were carefully selected using a matching approach that accounts for state Medicaid policies pre-ACA as well as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics that might influence disability application rates. We find a slower decrease in Supplemental Security Income (SSI) application rates after Medicaid expansions in expansion states relative to non-expansion states, with application rates declining in both state groups from 2014 through 2016. Our analysis of the impact of the Medicaid expansions on Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) application rates was inconclusive for reasons we discuss in the paper.

scholarly journals Four Years Later: Insurance Coverage and Access to Care Continue to Diverge between ACA Medicaid Expansion and Non-Expansion States

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Miller ◽  
Laura R. Wherry
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medicaid Expansions

This paper evaluates the impact of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansions four years after implementation using data from the 2010-2017 National Health Interview Survey. We find that low-income adults in states that implemented the Medicaid expansions experienced increases in insurance and Medicaid coverage and improvements in access to health care across several measures.

The Impact of Insurance Expansions on the Already Insured: The Affordable Care Act and Medicare

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-318
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Carey ◽  
Sarah Miller ◽  
Laura R. Wherry
Keyword(s):  
Access To Care ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Medicare Population ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medicaid Expansions ◽  
Rule Out

Some states have not adopted the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansions due to concerns that the expansions may impair access to care and utilization for those who are already insured. We investigate such negative spillovers using a large panel of Medicare beneficiaries. Across many subgroups and outcomes, we find no evidence that the expansions reduced utilization among Medicare beneficiaries and can rule out all but very small changes in utilization or spending. These results indicate that the expansions in Medicaid did not impair access to care or utilization for the Medicare population. (JEL G22, H51, I13, I18, I38)

Working With Older Adults: Impact of the Affordable Care Act and Other Trends in Health Care

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Amy Hasselkus
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Rapidly increasing numbers in our aging population coupled with anticipated changes in reimbursement and health-care delivery have led to policy changes that will be implemented over time. This article will review the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act and will discuss the impact of health care changes on speech-language pathology practice with older adults.

The Determinants and Consequences of Tax Audits: Some Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanfu Li ◽  
Jeffrey A. Pittman ◽  
Zi-Tian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Discretionary Accruals ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Effective Tax Rates ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tax Reporting ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Using data obtained from a local tax office in China, we examine the determinants of corporate tax audits and the consequences of those audits. We find that the tax authority is more likely to select a firm for an audit when the firm has a lower effective tax rate, a higher book-tax difference, and more income-decreasing discretionary accruals. Applying a difference-in-differences research design, we find that after firms have been audited, they significantly increase their effective tax rates, reduce their book-tax differences, and reduce their income-decreasing discretionary accruals. Our study provides important insights on the determinants of the tax authority's decision on whether to initiate an audit and the impact of tax audits on both tax reporting and financial reporting. JEL Classifications: H26; L51; M41.

Comparison of Trends in Nonprofit Hospitals’ Charity Care Eligibility Policies Between Medicaid Expansion States and Medicaid Nonexpansion States

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755872110396
Author(s):  
Ge Bai ◽  
Hossein Zare ◽  
Matthew D. Eisenberg ◽  
Daniel Polsky ◽  
Gerard F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Charity Care ◽  
Nonprofit Hospitals ◽  
Medicaid Coverage ◽  
Longitudinal Trend ◽  
Tax Exempt ◽  
The Affordable Care Act

Nonprofit hospitals provide charity care to financially disadvantaged patients according to their self-designed eligibility policies. The Affordable Care Act may have prompted nonprofit hospitals to adopt more generous eligibility policies, but no prior research has examined the longitudinal trend. The expansion of Medicaid coverage in many states has been found to reduce charity care provision, but it is unclear whether the change in charity care eligibility policies differed between Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states. Using mandatory tax filings, we found that both hospitals in Medicaid expansion states and hospital in nonexpansion states adopted more generous eligibility policies in 2018 than in 2010, but the change was greater in the former for discounted charity care; while the former provided less charity care regardless of their policy changes, the latter provided more when their policies became more generous. This study has implications for policy discussions on the justification of nonprofit hospitals’ tax-exempt status.

The Impact of Random Metal Detector Searches on Contraband Possession and Feelings of Safety at School

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachana Bhatt ◽  
Tomeka Davis
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Broward County ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Metal Detector ◽  
Estimation Strategy ◽  
School Year ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Weapons at school pose a danger to students as well as faculty. Educational administrators have attempted to reduce their prevalence by implementing random weapons searches in schools. This article examines the effectiveness of this approach using data from two geographically adjacent school districts in Florida (Miami-Dade and Broward). In the 1998-1999 school year, Miami-Dade County Schools implemented mandatory random weapons searches in schools, whereas Broward County did not. Using a difference-in-differences estimation strategy, the results indicate that the searches reduced the likelihood that students brought weapons to school and reduced incidences of being offered illegal drugs at school in Miami. Moreover, students in Miami were less likely to report skipping school due to safety concerns following the introduction of the searches.

scholarly journals Impact of Internet Use on Mental Health among Elderly Individuals: A Difference-in-Differences Study Based on 2016–2018 CFPS Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Hongyang Wang ◽  
Huiyu Yan ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The number of elderly Internet users has increased significantly in the past few years. However, the impact of Internet use on mental health remains unclear. In this study, we performed a difference-in-differences analysis using data from the 2016 and 2018 waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to evaluate the impact of Internet usage on mental health among elderly individuals. A total of 5031 validated respondents were included to explore the relationship between Internet use and reduced levels of depression as well as improved life satisfaction among elderly individuals. The results showed that Internet use significantly reduced depression levels. Unexpectedly, Internet use was not found to improve life satisfaction. Moreover, discontinuing Internet use was not significantly associated with improvements in depression or life satisfaction. More research is needed to fully elucidate the relationship between Internet use and depression levels, as well as life satisfaction among elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Income Losses and Subjective Well-Being: Gender and Ethnic Inequalities during the Covid-19 Lockdown Period in the UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Giovanis
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Life Satisfaction Approach ◽  
Detrimental Impact

Abstract COVID-19 has become a global health pandemic forcing governments introducing unprecedented steps to contain the spread of the virus. On the 23rd of March, 2020, the UK government addressed the nation to announce extraordinary measures as a response to slow down the spread of the coronavirus, which have influenced the well-being and finances of millions of people. As a result people had to make difficult adjustments and to follow different coping strategies in order to respond to income losses. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of various coping strategies, due to the lockdown measures, on the respondents’ subjective well-being by gender and ethnic background. We apply a difference-in-differences framework using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) combined with the UKHLS COVID-19 survey conducted in April 2020. Furthermore, using the Life Satisfaction Approach (LSA), we estimate the well-being costs of the coping strategies adopted that denote the amount required to revert individual’s well-being into the levels were before Covid-19 period. The results show that coping strategies with the earning losses have a significant detrimental impact on well-being and the related costs range between £250-3,500, which are significantly varied by gender and ethnic group.JEL Classification: C1, I14, I31

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