scholarly journals Charged projectile spectrometry using solid-state nuclear track detector of the PM-355 type

Nukleonika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Malinowska ◽  
Marian Jaskóła ◽  
Andrzej Korman ◽  
Adam Szydłowski ◽  
Karol Malinowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Projectile Energy ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract To use effectively any radiation detector in high-temperature plasma experiments, it must have a lot of benefits and fulfill a number of requirements. The most important are: a high energy resolution, linearity over a wide range of recorded particle energy, high detection efficiency for these particles, a long lifetime and resistance to harsh conditions existing in plasma experiments and so on. Solid-state nuclear track detectors have been used in our laboratory in plasma experiments for many years, but recently we have made an attempt to use these detectors in spectroscopic measurements performed on some plasma facilities. This paper presents a method that we used to elaborate etched track diameters to evaluate the incident projectile energy magnitude. The method is based on the data obtained from a semiautomatic track scanning system that selects tracks according to two parameters, track diameter and its mean gray level.

scholarly journals Time Resolution Measurements on SiPM for High Energy Physics Experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
L.M. Montano ◽  
M. Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
High Energy ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Physics

Scintillator detector have been used in a wide range of experiments in different areas: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Medicine, and Radiation Security among others. It is common to use scintillator counters coupled to Photomultiplier Tubes (PMT) as a read out detectors. Nowadays, there has been a great interest in using the Silicon Photomultipliers (PMSi) as a replacement for PMT's due to their high photon detection efficiency (PDE) and their high single photon time resolution (SPTR). The fast the signal is detected, the whole detection system will be useful to search for new physics. PMSi is also known to have a good compactness, magnetic field resistance and low cost. In our lab we are measuring the time resolution of two different models of PMS in order to build a fast radiation detector system.

The Detection of Superlattice Lines in Cu-Zn Alloys using a Solid State Detector

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 671-677
Author(s):  
E.A. Payzant ◽  
H.W. King
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Purity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Detector ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Multichannel Analyser ◽  
State Detector

AbstractUsing a high purity germanium solid state detector with sufficiently high energy resolution to discriminate between copper Kα and Kβ radiation, the superlattice reflections of the ordered Cu-Zn β′ brass structure have be detected by the anomalous dispersion effect. By coupling the high purity germanium solid state detector to a multichannel analyser, the superlattice reflections of the β′ brass structure were also detected by energy dispersive x-ray diffraction. Other applications for this combination of high resolution detector, electronic energy discriminator and multichannel analyser are indicated.

Development of a WDX-μ-PIXE system for chemical state mapping

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Toyama ◽  
S. Matsuyama ◽  
K. Ishii ◽  
A. Terakawa ◽  
K. Kasahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chemical State ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
X Ray

In this paper, we have developed a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer microparticle-induced X-ray emission (WDX-[Formula: see text]-PIXE) system combining a microbeam system with high spatial resolution and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectrometry with high-energy resolution for chemical state mapping. A Von Hamos geometry was used for the WDX system to achieve higher detection efficiency and energy resolution. The system consists of a curved crystal and a CCD camera. The WDX system was installed in a newly developed microbeam system. The energy resolution of the WDX system was 0.67 eV for [Formula: see text] (1740 eV). [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] X-ray spectra from various Si compounds were measured and chemical shifts related to chemical states were clearly observed. The system was applied to the chemical state analysis of clay particles. After elemental mapping of the clay particles using a conventional [Formula: see text]-PIXE system with a Si(Li) detector, particles to be analyzed were selected and analyzed sequentially with the WDX system. [Formula: see text] spectra from clay particles were obtained. The microscopic spatial distribution of elements and chemical state of the clay particles were sequentially measured with high energy and spatial resolution using a microbeam.

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Sensor Using YAlO3(Ce) Single Crystal and CNT/PEEK with High Sensitivity and Stability under Harsh Underwater Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1606
Author(s):  
Chanki Lee ◽  
Hee Reyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Density Of Water

A new gamma-ray sensor, which could be employed in harsh underwater conditions, was developed using YAlO3(Ce) single crystal and carbon nanotube reinforced polyetheretherketone (CNT/PEEK). The sensor is compact, highly sensitive and stable, by providing real-time gross counts and an accumulated spectrum for fresh, saline, or contaminated water conditions. The sensor was tested in a water tank for quantification of the limit of detections. The Φ51 × 51 mm2 YAlO3(Ce) crystal exhibits a nearly perfect proportionality with a correlation of over 0.999 in terms of light yield per energy and possesses a high energy resolution. The chemically stable CNT/PEEK window material further enhances the detection efficiency by minimizing the background counts from penetrating gamma-rays. Data timeliness was obtained for regulation-based minimum detectable activity targets within 300 s. For a source-detector distance of up to 300 mm in water, the gross counts demonstrate the existence of radionuclides (Cs-137 and Co-60), owing to their higher efficiency (max. ~15 times) than those of the photopeak counts. Such differences between efficiency values are more likely in water than in air because of the high density of water, resulting in an increased build-up of scattered photons. The proposed sensor is suitable for autonomous underwater systems.

CMOS solid-state photomultipliers for high energy resolution calorimeters

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik B. Johnson ◽  
Christopher J. Stapels ◽  
Xiao Jie Chen ◽  
Chad Whitney ◽  
Eric C. Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Resolution

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fluorescence Detectors for XAFS at High Flux Beamlines

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C220-C220
Author(s):  
Steve Heald
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Fluorescence Detection ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Polycapillary Optics ◽  
Ultimate Limit ◽  
Synchrotron Beamlines

Detector technologies appropriate for fluorescence detection of XAFS are compared. The current workhorse methods of multi-element solid state detectors and filter-slit systems [1] need continued development to take full advantage of the fluxes available at modern synchrotron beamlines. These high fluxes create the potential for pushing XAFS measurements to extreme levels of diluteness (ppb) if the signal can be separated from the background. Both measurements and calculations are used to explore the ultimate limits for these technologies, and to compare them to alternative methods such as diffraction based analyzers. The measurements include the use of polycapillary optics as coupling optics for crystal analyzers and as improved slits in filter based detectors. The confocal nature of the polycapillaries significantly reduces the background for many samples, and they can be used for nearly perfect rejection of the filter refluorescence in filter based systems. The ultimate limit will be determined by processes such as inelastic scattering that produce backgrounds at the same energy as the fluorescence. These can be minimized but not eliminated by using detectors with high energy resolution.

scholarly journals MetroMMC: Electron-Capture Spectrometry with Cryogenic Calorimeters for Science and Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C.-O. Ranitzsch ◽  
D. Arnold ◽  
J. Beyer ◽  
L. Bockhorn ◽  
J. J. Bonaparte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Capture ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Threshold ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Wide Energy Range ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractAccurate decay data of radionuclides are necessary for many fields of science and technology, ranging from medicine and particle physics to metrology. However, data that are in use today are mostly based on measurements or theoretical calculation methods that are rather old. Recent measurements with cryogenic detectors and other methods show significant discrepancies to both older experimental data and theory in some cases. Moreover, the old results often suffer from large or underestimated uncertainties. This is in particular the case for electron-capture (EC) decays, where only a few selected radionuclides have ever been measured. To systematically address these shortcomings, the European metrology project MetroMMC aims at investigating six radionuclides decaying by EC. The nuclides are chosen to cover a wide range of atomic numbers Z, which results in a wide range of decay energies and includes different decay modes, such as pure EC or EC accompanied by $$\gamma $$γ- and/or $$\beta ^{+}$$β+-transitions. These will be measured using metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs), cryogenic energy-dispersive detectors with high-energy resolution, low-energy threshold and high, adjustable stopping power that are well suited for measurements of the total decay energy and X-ray spectrometry. Within the MetroMMC project, these detectors are used to obtain X-ray emission intensities of external sources as well as fractional EC probabilities of sources embedded in a $$4\pi $$4π absorber. Experimentally determined nuclear and atomic data will be compared to state-of-the-art theoretical calculations which will be further developed within the project. This contribution introduces the MetroMMC project and in particular its experimental approach. The challenges in EC spectrometry are to adapt the detectors and the source preparation to the different decay channels and the wide energy range involved, while keeping the good resolution and especially the low-energy threshold to measure the EC from outer shells.

scholarly journals Advances in CdZnTeSe for Radiation Detector Applications

Radiation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Utpal N. Roy ◽  
Giuseppe S. Camarda ◽  
Yonggang Cui ◽  
Ralph B. James
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Te Inclusions ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

Detection of X- and gamma-rays is essential to a wide range of applications from medical imaging to high energy physics, astronomy, and homeland security. Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) is the most widely used material for room-temperature detector applications and has been fulfilling the requirements for growing detection demands over the last three decades. However, CZT still suffers from the presence of a high density of performance-limiting defects, such as sub-grain boundary networks and Te inclusions. Cadmium zinc telluride selenide (CZTS) is an emerging material with compelling properties that mitigate some of the long-standing issues seen in CZT. This new quaternary is free from sub-grain boundary networks and possesses very few Te inclusions. In addition, the material offers a high degree of compositional homogeneity. The advancement of CZTS has accelerated through investigations of the material properties and virtual Frisch-grid (VFG) detector performance. The excellent material quality with highly reduced performance-limiting defects elevates the importance of CZTS as a potential replacement to CZT at a substantially lower cost.

scholarly journals Low background techniques in bolometers for double-beta decay search

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (30) ◽  
pp. 1743012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Poda ◽  
Andrea Giuliani
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Identification ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
Particle Detectors ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Bolometric Detectors

Bolometers are low temperature particle detectors with high energy resolution and detection efficiency. Some types of bolometric detectors are also able to perform an efficient particle identification. A wide variety of radiopure dielectric and diamagnetic materials makes the bolometric technique favorable for applications in astroparticle physics. In particular, thanks to their superior performance, bolometers play an important role in the worldwide efforts on searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Such experiments strongly require an extremely low level of the backgrounds that can easily mimic the process searched for. Here, we overview recent progress in the development of low background techniques for bolometric double-beta decay searches.

scholarly journals In-situ nanoscale imaging of charge transfer of BiNiO3 under high pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C403-C403
Author(s):  
Wenge Yang ◽  
Yijin Liu ◽  
Junyue Wang ◽  
Wendy Mao ◽  
Ho-kwang Mao
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Negative Thermal Expansion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
High Energy Resolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging

Over last decades, both synchrotron radiation techniques and high pressure research have made great progress. Advanced synchrotron capabilities with high spatial resolution, high flux, and high energy resolution provides us many new avenues to conduct advanced high pressure researches. In this talk, we will focus on the new developments of the nanoscale imaging techniques on the pressure induced phase separation in three dimensions. BiNiO3 under goes a charge transfer induced phase transition under high pressure or temperature, which shows excellent colossal negative thermal expansion effect [1]. Co-exist of both high density and low density phases over a wide range pressure or temperature plays the key roles on the negative thermal expansion behavior. We utilized a newly developed X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy tomography method, and successfully resolved the mixture of high/low pressure phases as a function of pressure at tens of nanometer resolution. By choosing incident x-ray energy near Ni absorption edge, the pressure induced valence transition can be mapped at tens of nanometer scale in 3d, which provides crucial information on the HP-LP phase boundary [2]. As temperature driven grain growth upon heating, we can draw fundamental information on the pressure-induced phase growth mechanism.

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