Morphology and thermomechanical properties of epoxy composites highly filled with waste bulk molding compounds (BMC)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Matykiewicz ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Tomasz Sterzyński
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Molding Compounds ◽  
Dsc Method ◽  
Resin Curing

Abstract The aim of this study was to produce epoxy composites highly filled with waste bulk molding compounds (BMC). The used amount of filler ranged from 30 wt% to 60 wt%. The influence of BMC on the epoxy resin curing process was monitored with the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to evaluate the chemical structure of composites. The mechanical and thermal properties were examined by means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), the Charpy method and the Shore D test. The fracture surface morphology of composites was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The storage modulus G′ of the epoxy composites with BMC was higher than the reference epoxy sample and significantly dependent on filler content. All investigated materials showed similar values of hardness, but at the same time low values of impact strength. Therefore, obtained composites can be used as low cost coating materials.

scholarly journals Biochar as an Effective Filler of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio-Epoxy Composites

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Matykiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Kinetics Of

The goal of this work was to investigate the effect of the biochar additive (2.5; 5; 10 wt.%) on the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced bio-epoxy composites. The morphology of the composites was monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the thermomechanical properties by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Additionally, mechanical properties such as impact strength, flexural strength andtensile strength, as well as the thermal stability and degradation kinetics of these composites were evaluated. It was found that the introduction of biochar into the epoxy matrix improved the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon fiber-reinforced composites.

scholarly journals Copolymer Based on Polyglycerol-Acrylate-Lactate as Potential Water Viscosifier and Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. P. Amaya-Gómez ◽  
L. M. Sanabria-Rivas ◽  
A. M. Díaz-Lasprilla ◽  
C. Ardila-Suárez ◽  
R. H. Castro-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Viscosity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Surface Performance ◽  
Polymeric Solutions

Polymer and surfactant flooding are widely applied processes in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in which viscous polymers or surfactants aqueous solutions are introduced in oil reservoirs to rise the recovery of the remaining oil. In this regard, one of the challenges of EOR practices is the use of efficient but low-cost viscosifier and surfactant polymers. This work is aimed at synthesizing a polyglycerol derived from the biodegradable and nontoxic monomer, glycerol, and evaluating the effect of its copolymerization on rheological and interfacial properties, which were tested in water and brine for the former and in the water/oil system for the last properties. The copolymers were synthesized using a polyglycerol backbone, acrylic acid, lactic acid, and oleic acid. The chemical structure of copolymers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The viscosity and the interfacial tension (IFT) of polymeric solutions were tested. Thus, the viscosity and surface performance of the prepared polymer solutions in distilled water and brine were analyzed according to the structure of the synthesized polymers. The results showed that the synthesized polymers modified water viscosity and surface tension between water and oil. The developed polymers could be candidates for applications in enhanced oil recovery and related applications.

scholarly journals Effects of EPON on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resins

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ku ◽  
F. Cardona ◽  
D. Rogers ◽  
A. Vandenbroucke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
The Cost

Low cost composite materials are widely used in civil and structural engineering applications. This project uses EPON to plasticize a commonly used resin, epoxy resin to lower the cost of the composite and to find out the mechanical and thermal properties of the plasticized epoxy resin to see if it is suitable for the said applications. Three point bending tests were carried out to evaluate the flexural properties of the plasticized resins. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis are used to evaluate the thermal properties of the plasticized epoxy resin. The study with epoxy and EPON showed that the mechanical properties of the epoxy composite were lowered but its ability to dissipate energy increased because of its improved thermal properties. As EPON is much cheaper that epoxy resin, the composite produced is therefore cheaper and provided the service requirements were not so demanding, it can be used in the said applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites Filled with Powdered Buckwheat Husks

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Marcin Włoch ◽  
Paulina Landowska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

Bio-based fillers for the polymer composites are still interesting from the scientific and industrial point of view, due to their low cost and renewable nature. In this work partially green composites were obtained by the mixing of thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) with the unmodified and modified (by acetylation) grinded buckwheat husks. Obtained biocomposites were characterized in the terms of their chemical structure (FTIR), microstructure (SEM), thermal stability (TGA), thermomechanical properties (DMTA), and selected mechanical properties. The results showed that introduction of grinded buckwheat husks (even if the amount is 60 wt%) permit retaining high values of tensile strength (around 8–10 MPa), but the increasing amount of applied filler is connected with the decreasing of elongation at break. It can result from good interaction between the polymer matrix and the bio-based filler (confirmed by high values of polymer matrix-filler interaction parameter determined from Pukánszky’s model for the tensile strength of composites). The applied chemical treatment results in changing of mechanical properties of filler and composites. Obtained results confirmed the possibility of using powdered buckwheat husks as filler for thermoplastic polyurethane.

Differentiated Scanning Calorimetry of Model Systems with Cocoa Butter

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Alexander Vereshchagin ◽  
Irina Reznichenko ◽  
Nikolay Bychin
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glucose Syrup ◽  
Polymorphic Modifications ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Dsc Method

The article concerns the research specificity of model systems such as cocoa butter – palm olein, cocoa butter – sucrose and cocoa butter – glucose syrup by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. The researchers run experiments in the temperature range from –100 to –50°C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. In the cacao butter – palm olein system an eutectic occurs with a palm olein content of 30.0 % indicating the limited solubility of palm olein in cocoa butter. In the cocoa butter – sucrose system, cocoa butter crystallizes as in the α-form (10,0– 30,0; 60.0–90.0 % MK), and as a mixture of α-and β-forms of MK (40.0; 50,0; 70,0 and 80.0 %). Sucrose stabilizes low-temperature polymorphic modifications of cocoa butter. In the cocoa butter – glucose syrup system, temperature of samples melting is 21-22 °C. This composition is promising for use as a filling of confectionery products and glazes production. In this regard, a man can use glucose syrup only in the candy cases production. The role of surfactants used for the formation and stabilization of cocoa butter polymorphs and increasing the thermal stability of the shock-lad without the introduction of palm stearin requires separate consideration.

Characterization of a Polymeric Membrane for the Separation of Hydrogen in a Mixture with CO2

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionisio H. Malagón-Romero ◽  
Alexander Ladino ◽  
Nataly Ortiz ◽  
Liliana P. Green
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Polymeric Membrane ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Hydrogen is expected to play an important role as a clean, reliable and renewable energy source. A key challenge is the production of hydrogen in an economically and environmentally sustainable way on an industrial scale. One promising method of hydrogen production is via biological processes using agricultural resources, where the hydrogen is found to be mixed with other gases, such as carbon dioxide. Thus, to separate hydrogen from the mixture, it is challenging to implement and evaluate a simple, low cost, reliable and efficient separation process. So, the aim of this work was to develop a polymeric membrane for hydrogen separation. The developed membranes were made of polysulfone via phase inversion by a controlled evaporation method with 5 wt % and 10 wt % of polysulfone resulting in thicknesses of 132 and 239 micrometers, respectively. Membrane characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ASTM D882 tensile test. Performance was characterized using a 23 factorial experiment using the time lag method, comparing the results with those from gas chromatography (GC). As a result, developed membranes exhibited dense microstructures, low values of RMS roughness, and glass transition temperatures of approximately 191.75 °C and 190.43 °C for the 5 wt % and 10 wt % membranes, respectively. Performance results for the given membranes showed a hydrogen selectivity of 8.20 for an evaluated gas mixture 54% hydrogen and 46% carbon dioxide. According to selectivity achieved, H2 separation from carbon dioxide is feasible with possibilities of scalability. These results are important for consolidating hydrogen production from biological processes.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

scholarly journals The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Radosław Biskup ◽  
Joanna Szulc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Phenyl Isocyanate ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Chain Extenders

In this work, thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) was surface modified and used as a filler for composites with a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Modification of vermiculite was realized by simultaneous ball milling with the presence of two PLA chain extenders, aromatic carbodiimide (KI), and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). In addition to analyzing the particle size of the filler subjected to processing, the efficiency of mechanochemical modification was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites of PLA with three vermiculite types were prepared by melt mixing and subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and structural evaluation. The structure of composites containing a constant amount of the filler (20 wt%) was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM analysis supplemented by evaluating the final injection-molded samples’ physicochemical properties. Mechanical behavior of the composites was assessed by static tensile test and impact strength hardness measurements. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) test and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) were applied to evaluate the influence of the filler addition and its functionalization on thermomechanical properties of PLA-based composites. Thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The use of filler-reactive chain extenders (CE) made it possible to change the vermiculite structure and obtain an improvement in interfacial adhesion and more favorable filler dispersions in the matrix. This translated into an improvement in impact strength and an increase in thermo-mechanical stability and heat release capacity of composites containing modified vermiculites.

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