Pigments – general aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Hempelmann

Abstract The chapter defines the terms pigments and fillers according to international standards and gives a short overview over the history and economic aspects and uses. The general common chemical and physical properties are outlined and basic methods for characterization of the pigments and their behavior in binders are described.

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1164-1171
Author(s):  
Xiangmei Wang ◽  
Zeliang Gao ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Xiaojie Guo ◽  
Youxuan Sun ◽  
...  

This work reports the crystal structure and physical properties of the Y2Mo4O15 crystal and its potential use in the Raman laser.


Biochemistry ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2096-2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marietta Y. W. Tsang Lee ◽  
Cheng-Keat Tan ◽  
Antero G. So ◽  
Kathleen M. Downey

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Soravich Mulinta

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar on the properties of color slip for decorative method of color slip on earthen ware production. The characterization of raw material was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The experiment started with triaxial blend of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar in the defined ratio and then to painting of color slips on earthenware production. After that, firing specimens at 950 °C in oxidation atmosphere. Finally, the specimens were tested microstructure and physical properties. The results showed that the ratio of 50% dolomite body, 40% frit and 10% potassium feldspar were optimum properties for decorative on earthenware body. In color slip consisting of blue color added Cobalt oxide 1% ,Green colors added chromic oxide 10% , Gray color added manganese oxide 10% ,yellow color added stain 2225 10% and hazel color added ferric oxide 2 wt %.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5081-5093
Author(s):  
Patricio Feijoo Calle ◽  
Elizabeth Brito Verdezoto

En este trabajo se propone una metodología sencilla y de aplicación práctica en campo para la determinación aproximada de la Resistencia a la Compresión Simple (RCS) en rocas, propiedad o característica que es importante en minería, ya que mediante la misma, se ejecutan análisis para la valoración de factores de seguridad y estabilidad y/o posibles sistemas de fortificación en las obras o estructuras mineras, a más de que la caracterización de la RCS es también influyente en el uso de explosivos para la explotación o extracción de materiales de una cantera o mina. Esta estimación se la propone en base a la determinación de las siguientes tres propiedades de la roca, que en esta investigación las denominamos densidad, porosidad y absorción “en mina”. Estas propiedades físicas se las puede obtener de una forma simple, pero metódica y en este trabajo se han ejecutado ensayos sobre un mismo material o roca proveniente de la zona de Cojitambo, provincia del Cañar (Ecuador) y sobre una base de 60 muestras o probetas. Los resultados obtenidos permiten una correlación entre las propiedades antes descritas y la RCS, a más que se ha estructurado una metodología de cálculo para el objetivo planteado.   This work proposes a simple methodology and practical application in the field for the approximate determination of the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) in rocks, property or characteristic that is important in mining, since through it analyzes are carried out to the assessment of security and stability factors and/or possible fortification systems in the works or mining structures, in addition to the characterization of the UCS is also influential in the use of explosives for the exploitation or extraction of materials from a quarry or mine. This estimate is proposed based on the determination of the following three properties of the rock, which in this investigation we call density, porosity and absorption “in mine”. These physical properties can be obtained in a simple, but methodical way and in this work, tests have been carried out on the same material or rock from the Cojitambo area, Cañar province (Ecuador) and on the basis of 60 samples or test tubes. The results obtained allow a correlation between the properties described above and the UCS, in addition to a calculation methodology for the proposed objective.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cheng ◽  
Elizabetta Dotto ◽  
Eugene Fahnestock ◽  
Vincenzo Della Corte ◽  
Nancy Chabot ◽  
...  

<p>The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission will demonstrate asteroid deflection by a kinetic impactor. DART will impact Dimorphos, the secondary member of the (65803) Didymos system, in late September to early October, 2022 in order to change the binary orbit period. DART will carry a 6U CubeSat called LICIACube, contributed by the Italian Space Agency, to document the DART impact and to observe the impact ejecta. LICIACube will be released by DART 10 days prior to Didymos encounter, and LICIACube will fly by Dimorphos at closest approach distance of about 51 km and with a closest approach time delay of about 167 s after the DART impact. LICIACube will observe the structure and evolution of the DART impact ejecta plume and will obtain images of the surfaces of both bodies at best ground sampling about 1.4 m per pixel. LICIACube imaging importantly includes the non-impact hemisphere of the target body, the side not imaged by DART.</p> <p> </p> <p>The LICIACube flyby trajectory, notably the closest approach distance and the time delay of closest approach, are designed to optimize the study of ejecta plume evolution without exposing the satellite to impact hazard. LICIACube imaging will determine the direction of the ejecta plume and the ejection angles, and will further help to determine the ejecta momentum transfer efficiency <em>β</em>. The ejecta plume structure, as it evolves over time, is determined by the amount of ejecta that has reached a given altitude at a given time. The LICIACube plume images enable characterization of the ejecta mass versus velocity distribution, which is strongly dependent on target properties like strength and porosity and is therefore a powerful diagnostic of the DART impact, complementary to measurements of the DART impact crater by the ESA Hera mission which will arrive at Didymos in 2026. Hera will measure crater radius and crater volume to determine the total volume of ejecta, which together with a ejecta mass-velocity distribution gives a full characterization of the DART impact.</p> <p> </p> <p>Models of the ejecta plume evolution as imaged by LICIACube show how LICIACube images can discriminate between different target physical properties (mainly strength and porosity), thereby allowing inferences of the magnitude of the ejecta momentum. Measured ejecta plume optical depth profiles can distinguish between gravity-controlled and strength-controlled impact cases and help determine target physical properties. LICIACube ejecta plume images further provide information on the direction of the ejecta momentum as well as the magnitude, requiring full 2-D simulations of the plume images. We will present new simulation model optical depth profiles across the plume at arbitrary positions.</p> <p><br />We thank NASA for support of the DART project at JHU/APL, under Contract # NNN06AA01C, Task Order # NNN15AA05T. The Italian LICIACube team acknowledges financial support from Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI, contract No. 2019-31-HH.0 CUP<br />F84I190012600).</p>


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