Association of bitter and sweet taste gene receptor polymorphisms with dental caries formation

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study is to analyze the association of different bitter and sweet gene receptor polymorphisms and bitter and sweet food consumption on formation of dental caries in Turkish adult population. Methods This study included 205 adults whose detailed intraoral health examination was completed and decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index values were recorded. A mini questionnaire was applied to assess the consumption of bitter and sweet food. A venous blood sample from each participant was collected in Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes. Further, DNA samples were isolated from the blood samples by utilizing a DNA isolation kit, which were stored at +4 °C prior to the analysis. Taste receptor type 2 member 38 (TAS2R38; rs10246939, rs713598, rs1726866), Taste receptor type 1 member 2 (TAS1R2; rs35874116, rs9701796), and Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3; rs307355) gene polymorphisms were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results There was no statistically significant association between the TAS2R38, TAS1R2, and TAS1R3 gene polymorphism and the DMFT index (p>0.05). No significant difference was found between the consumption of bitter and sweet food and the DMFT index (p>0.05). Conclusions TAS2R38 (rs10246939, rs713598, rs1726866), TAS1R2 (rs35874116, rs9701796), and TAS1R3 (rs307355) gene polymorphism may not be associated with the formation of dental caries in the Turkish adult population.

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Oral health status of children with type 1 diabetes: a comparative study

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2017-0053 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ahmad Faisal Ismail ◽

Colman Patrick McGrath ◽

Cynthia K.Y. Yiu

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Health Examination ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to compare the oral health status of children with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls.Methods:This comparative study involved 64 children, 32 children with type 1 diabetes and 32 age- and gender-matched controls. Oral health examination was conducted using WHO criteria. Dental caries experience was recorded using DMFT/dmft index and periodontal parameters were assessed using plaque, gingivitis, gingival bleeding and calculus indexes. Dental caries and periodontal parameters between the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test.Results:Children with diabetes exhibited significantly greater plaque deposits (p=0.01) and a higher mean plaque index (p<0.01), when compared to healthy subjects. No significant difference in DMFT and dmft scores, mean bleeding index, calculus index and gingival index was found between the two groups.Conclusions:Children with type 1 diabetes had a poor oral health status with greater plaque accumulation than children without diabetes.

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Prevalence of Dental Caries in Kosovar Adult Population

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2016/4290291 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Blerim Kamberi ◽

Ferit Koçani ◽

Agim Begzati ◽

Jeta Kelmendi ◽

Donika Ilijazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Health ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dmft Index ◽

Criteria For Evaluation ◽

Dental Health Status

Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries in the Kosovar adult population.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study in Kosovo was conducted examining 9387 patients, aged 18 upwards, between January 2010 and December 2011. Clinical evaluation was done using WHO criteria for evaluation of dental health status and data collection.Results. The prevalence of caries for the whole study was 72.80%. The mean DMFT index was 9.61 (±5.12) in the 18–34-year age group, 11.6 (±6.42) in the 35–44-year age group, 13.68 (±8.12) among the 45–64-year age group, 17.98 (±9.81) in the 65–74-year age group, and 23.19 (±9.41) in the age group of 75+ years, respectively. A significant difference of mean DMFT and its each component was observed between the ages (P<0.001).Conclusion. This study comes out with the significant levels of dental caries among young Kosovar population (18–34 years old).

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Longitudinal Expression of Testicular TAS1R3 from Prepuberty to Sexual Maturity in Congjiang Xiang Pigs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020437 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 437

Author(s):

Ting Gong ◽

Weiyong Wang ◽

Houqiang Xu ◽

Yi Yang ◽

Xiang Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Maturity ◽

Cell Function ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Taste Receptor ◽

Receptor Type ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Early Puberty ◽

Specific Expression

Testicular expression of taste receptor type 1 subunit 3 (T1R3), a sweet/umami taste receptor, has been implicated in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in mice. We explored the role of testicular T1R3 in porcine postnatal development using the Congjiang Xiang pig, a rare Chinese miniature pig breed. Based on testicular weights, morphology, and testosterone levels, four key developmental stages were identified in the pig at postnatal days 15–180 (prepuberty: 30 day; early puberty: 60 day; late puberty: 90 day; sexual maturity: 120 day). During development, testicular T1R3 exhibited stage-dependent and cell-specific expression patterns. In particular, T1R3 levels increased significantly from prepuberty to puberty (p < 0.05), and expression remained high until sexual maturity (p < 0.05), similar to results for phospholipase Cβ2 (PLCβ2). The strong expressions of T1R3/PLCβ2 were observed at the cytoplasm of elongating/elongated spermatids and Leydig cells. In the eight-stage cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in pigs, T1R3/PLCβ2 levels were higher in the spermatogenic epithelium at stages II–VI than at the other stages, and the strong expressions were detected in elongating/elongated spermatids and residual bodies. The message RNA (mRNA) levels of taste receptor type 1 subunit 1 (T1R1) in the testis showed a similar trend to levels of T1R3. These data indicate a possible role of T1R3 in the regulation of spermatid differentiation and Leydig cell function.

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Myogenic differentiation 1 and transcription factor 12 activate the gene expression of mouse taste receptor type 1 member 1

Journal of Oral Biosciences ◽

10.1016/j.job.2021.08.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yui Obikane ◽

Takashi Toyono ◽

Shoichiro Kokabu ◽

Kae Matsuyama ◽

Shinji Kataoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Myogenic Differentiation ◽

Taste Receptor ◽

Receptor Type ◽

Mouse Taste

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Oral Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 in Children and Adolescents

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10144687 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 4687

Author(s):

Rossella Santoro ◽

Claudia Santoro ◽

Francesca Loffredo ◽

Antonio Romano ◽

Silverio Perrotta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type ◽

Oral Manifestations ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Enamel Defects ◽

Dental Abnormalities ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. The expression of NF1 is extremely variable considering the broad spectrum of mutations affecting the gene(s) responsible for the pathology. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations in a group of children affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. Design: 100 pediatric patients, with genetically confirmed NF1 were enrolled in this study and matched to a total of 100 healthy children. Clinical examination was used to investigate: dental caries, dental abnormalities, periodontal health, neurofibromas, malocclusions, and enamel defects. Results: Mann Whitney’s test concerning prevalence of dental caries resulted in a no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.90); a significant difference was highlighted as regards the other kinds of manifestations as well: enamel defects (p = 0.01), neurofibromas (p = 0.0043) and poor oral hygiene (p = 0.0002) with a higher prevalence of these features in NF1 patients than healthy controls. Similar results come out, regarding dental abnormalities in which can observe a significant difference between shape anomalies (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to data obtained from the present study, it can be stated that NF1-related oral manifestations can be detected during childhood and adolescence. In particular for neurofibromas, enamel defects, shape anomalies, and poor oral hygiene.

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Dental caries in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000521142 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Victor Zanetti Drumond ◽

Gabriela Luíza Nunes Souza ◽

Mateus José de Carvalho Pereira ◽

Ricardo Alves Mesquita ◽

Maryam Amin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dmft Index

Objectives: To evaluate whether children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more affected by dental caries than children without ADHD by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Design: Electronic searches was performed in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) in July 2021. Grey literature search in OpenGrey, a search in Google Scholar, and searches in the reference list of included articles were also conducted. The eligibility criteria were observational studies in which children with ADHD were compared with children without ADHD with respect to the dental caries. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment, applying the Joanna Briggs tool were performed by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis and assessment of heterogeneity among studies were conducted with the meta-package of RStudio using the R programming language (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria). Results of meta-analysis were provided in mean difference (MD), odds ratio (OR), and confidence intervals (CI). For assessment of heterogeneity, Baujat plot and influence analysis plot were obtained. Results: Thirteen studies were included and 10 were incorporated into meta-analyses. The meta-analysis showed that children with ADHD had a higher decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index than their peers without ADHD (I²=42%; MD=0.75 [0.38-1.13]). For decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS) (I²=0; MD=0.39 [-0.02-0.80]) and decayed surfaces (DS/ds) (I²=0%; MD=0.35 [-0.63-1.33]), no difference between groups was observed. In addition, children with ADHD had higher odds of having dental caries than their healthy peers (OR = 3.31 [1.25, 8.73]; I² = 0%). After assessment of heterogeneity among studies, sensitivity analysis was conducted for DMFT. One study was removed and the significant difference between groups remained. Children with ADHD had a significantly higher DMFT index than their peers without ADHD (MD = 0.98 [CI = 0.75, 1.20]; I² = 0%) Risk of bias ranged from low to high. Conclusion: The main shortcoming of the included studies is the high risk of bias regarding the strategies to deal with confounding factors. Within its limitations, this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that children with ADHD were more likely to develop dental caries than their healthy counterparts. Funding: No funding Registration: CRD42021238923

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Multiple sweet receptors and transduction pathways revealed in knockout mice by temperature dependence and gurmarin sensitivity

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.91018.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (4) ◽

pp. R960-R971 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Tadahiro Ohkuri ◽

Keiko Yasumatsu ◽

Nao Horio ◽

Masafumi Jyotaki ◽

Robert F. Margolskee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temperature Dependence ◽

Knockout Mice ◽

Taste Receptor ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Receptor Type ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Chorda Tympani ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Mouse Taste

Sweet taste transduction involves taste receptor type 1, member 2 (T1R2), taste receptor type 1, member 3 (T1R3), gustducin, and TRPM5. Because knockout (KO) mice lacking T1R3, gustducin's Gα subunit (Gαgust), or TRPM5 exhibited greatly reduced, but not abolished responses of the chorda tympani (CT) nerve to sweet compounds, it is likely that multiple sweet transduction pathways exist. That gurmarin (Gur), a sweet taste inhibitor, inhibits some but not all mouse CT responses to sweet compounds supports the existence of multiple sweet pathways. Here, we investigated Gur inhibition of CT responses to sweet compounds as a function of temperature in KO mice lacking T1R3, Gαgust, or TRPM5. In T1R3-KO mice, responses to sucrose and glucose were Gur sensitive (GS) and displayed a temperature-dependent increase (TDI). In Gαgust-KO mice, responses to sucrose and glucose were Gur-insensitive (GI) and showed a TDI. In TRPM5-KO mice, responses to glucose were GS and showed a TDI. All three KO mice exhibited no detectable responses to SC45647, and their responses to saccharin displayed neither GS nor a TDI. For all three KO mice, the lingual application of pronase, another sweet response inhibitor, almost fully abolished responses to sucrose and glucose but did not affect responses to saccharin. These results provide evidence for 1) the existence of multiple transduction pathways underlying responses to sugars: a T1R3-independent GS pathway for sucrose and glucose, and a TRPM5-independent temperature sensitive GS pathway for glucose; 2) the requirement for Gαgust in GS sweet taste responses; and 3) the existence of a sweet independent pathway for saccharin, in mouse taste cells on the anterior tongue.

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P790 Dental caries occurrence among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.918 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S622-S623

Author(s):

D Piątek ◽

S Jarmakiewicz-Czaja ◽

I Korona-Głowniak ◽

A Malm ◽

J Sztembis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dmft Index ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

D Values

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including patients’ diet, way of treatment and general health may have an impact on teeth condition. Due to multifactorial nature of caries that its linked to susceptibility of hard tooth tissues, cariogenic microorganisms and presence of fermentable carbohydrates, the course of disease can be modified at many levels. The aim of the study was to assess dental caries experience in adult patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods The study involved 224 individuals: 98 with diagnosed CD, 75 with UC and 51 of control group (CG) with mean age 34.7. The complete assessment of the hard tooth tissues based on the DMFT index (decayed D, missing M, filled F teeth) was performed. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the examined groups in terms of DMFT index values, however, a statistically significant difference was found in the number of teeth with caries (D) (mean 3.99, 3.05 and 1.96 for CD, UC and CG respectively; H=13.55 p < 0.05). All groups had higher mean D values in men than women, and achieved the highest mean value in CD group (4.78) compared with UC (3.68) and healthy controls (2.06)(H=8.71 p < 0.05). The results of D values for CG obtained in our study confirm the literature data for healthy population aged 35–44 in Poland (mean D~2). The number of lost teeth (M) in the studied population was high and amounted to 5.47, 5.25 and 3.94 for the examined groups, respectively. A thorough analysis showed that in the group of men the difference in the M value was statistically significant at 5.83, 5.94 and 1.11 for CD, UC and CG respectively (H=15.84 p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences (H=6.21 p < 0.05) were observed in the number of filled teeth (F), without secondary caries, which highest value was recorded in CG (10.76) and the lowest in the CD group (8.93). Conclusion The highest D and M values were observed in patients with CD, especially in men, which proves the intensity and activity of dental caries disease in this group.

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