Characteristics, Sources and Risk Assessment
of Heavy Metals in the Ganjiang River Basin,
China

This study investigated the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in a soil–ginger system and assessed their health risks. To this end, 321 topsoil samples and eight soil samples from a soil profile, and 18 ginger samples with root–soil were collected from a ginger-planting area in the Jing River Basin. The average concentration of heavy metals in the topsoil followed the order: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. In the soil profile, at depths greater than 80 cm, the contents of Cr, Ni, and Zn tended to increase with depth, which may be related to the parent materials, whereas As and Cu contents showed little change. In contrast, Pb content decreased sharply from top to bottom, which may be attributable to external environmental and anthropogenic factors. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd contents in soil are affected by natural sources, Pb and As contents are significantly affected by human activities, and Hg content is affected by farmland irrigation. Combined results of the single pollution index (Pi), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and potential ecological risk assessment (Ei and RI) suggest that soil in the study area is generally not polluted by heavy metals. In ginger, Zn content was the highest (2.36 mg/kg) and Hg content was the lowest (0.0015 mg/kg). Based on the bioconcentration factor, Cd and Zn have high potential for enrichment in ginger. With reference to the limit of heavy metals in tubers, Cr content in ginger exceeds the standard in the study area. Although Cr does not accumulate in ginger, Cr enrichment in soil significantly increases the risk of excessive Cr content in ginger.

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Distribution of heavy metals in the water, sediments, and fishes from Damodar river basin at steel city, India: a probabilistic risk assessment

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal ◽

10.1080/10807039.2018.1511968 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 406-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vijay Laxmi Mohanta ◽

Aliya Naz ◽

Brijesh Kumar Mishra

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

River Basin ◽

Probabilistic Risk Assessment ◽

Damodar River ◽

Damodar River Basin ◽

Probabilistic Risk

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Distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in river surface sediments of middle reach of Xijiang River basin, China

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal ◽

10.1080/10807039.2017.1383850 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 347-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jun Zhang ◽

Qinyin Yan ◽

Jinping Jiang ◽

Bo Song ◽

Tongbin Chen

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

River Basin ◽

Surface Sediments ◽

Middle Reach ◽

Xijiang River

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A comprehensive exploration on distribution, risk assessment, and source quantification of heavy metals in the multi-media environment from Shaying River Basin, China

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113190 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 231 ◽

pp. 113190

Author(s):

Minghui Hao ◽

Qiting Zuo ◽

Jialu Li ◽

Shujuan Shi ◽

Bei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

River Basin ◽

Media Environment ◽

Multi Media

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Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Nutrient Elements and Heavy Metals in the Ganjiang River Basin

Water ◽

10.3390/w13233367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 3367

Author(s):

Xiaodong Chu ◽

Daishe Wu ◽

Hao Wang ◽

Fangwen Zheng ◽

Cheng Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

River Basin ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Principal Component ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Risk Assessments ◽

Nutrient Elements ◽

Industrial Activities ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Ganjiang River Basin

The pollution of water bodies by nutrients and heavy metals can lead to a loss of biodiversity, environmental degradation, and harm to human health. During the two-month monitoring period (e.g., December 2019 to January 2020), variables such as trace metals (e.g., Cu, Zn, As, and Cr), nutrients (e.g., NH4+-N, TN, and TP), water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) were measured at 102 monitoring points in the main stream and tributaries of the Ganjiang River in the Poyang Lake Basin. A variety of multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and correlation analysis, were used to conduct risk assessments and source analyses of the nutrient elements and heavy metals in the Ganjiang River system. The results show that although the Ganjiang River Basin is polluted by human activities, its water chemistry characteristics and trace metal and nutrient elements concentrations were better than the national standards. Through principal component analysis, the water pollution sources could be divided into urban sewage, agricultural activities, industrial activities, and the sources of industrial activities and transportation activities. The comprehensive risks of noncarcinogens (Hc) and comprehensive risks of carcinogens (Rc) for adults and children due to drinking water indicated that the risk from drinking water for the children in the basin was greater than that for adults, and that the Hc for adults and children was acceptable. However, the Rc for adults and children was slightly higher than the acceptable values. This study provides a reference for the fine control of the environmental water pollution sources in the Ganjiang river basin and health risk assessments in the basin, which are of great significance for improving the environmental water quality standards in the river basin and for reducing the risk of carcinogenesis.

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