The Use of Short-Term Compressed Air Supercharging in a Combustion Engine with Spark Ignition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 8704-8713
Author(s):  
Jarosław Janusz Mamala ◽  
K. Praznowski ◽  
S. Kołodziej ◽  
G. Ligus
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Acceleration Process ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drive Unit ◽  
The People

The powertrain is a very important subassembly in a car and is responsible not only for the automotive industry’s impact on the environment but also for the safety of people travelling by car and performing overtaking manoeuvres and joining traffic. In general, the powertrain is a combination of the drive unit and drive transmission, wherein the drive unit is responsible for the available driving force in the car’s wheels and for the car’s ability to accelerate when the throttle pedal is rapidly pressed at a constant gearbox ratio. The availability of the driving force reserve in the powertrain is the most important issue for the reason of safety of the people travelling by car. In the case of drive unit what they are of the combustion engines, the rapid pressing of the throttle pedal in the car acceleration process leads to a temporary deficiency in the driving force and in the powertrain’s output. The deficiency in the driving force has a negative impact on acceleration and driving comfort. In this paper, the authors assessed and analysed two different short-term compressed air supercharging systems for combustion engines with air supplied from a high-pressure tank. The analysis covered the response of the combustion engine with spark ignition to the gradual increase in pressure in the air-intake system. The assumption is that the applied short-term compressed air supercharging system could improve the driving force during the phase of the engine’s increasing crankshaft rotational speed. This helps to achieve the improved passenger car acceleration dynamics, depending on the supercharging method and throttle pedal exertion. When analysing the car’s acceleration dynamics, expressed by the shorter time of increasing the longitudinal speed from initial to final, it was possible to shorten the acceleration time. It is also possible to observe an improved driving force behaviour, especially during the first phase of acceleration.

Behavior Prediction Model in Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines Turbocharged for Genset Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Duarte Forero ◽  
German Amador Diaz ◽  
Fabio Blanco Castillo ◽  
Lesme Corredor Martinez ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Methane Number

In this paper, a mathematical model is performed in order to analyze the effect of the methane number (MN) on knock tendency when spark ignition internal combustion engine operate with gaseous fuels produced from different thermochemical processes. The model was validated with experimental data reported in literature and the results were satisfactory. A general correlation for estimating the autoignition time of gaseous fuels in function of cylinder temperature, and pressure, equivalence ratio and methane number of the fuel was carried out. Livengood and Wu correlation is used to predict autoignition in function of the crank angle. This criterium is a way to predict the autoignition tendency of a fuel/air mixture under engine conditions and consider the ignition delay. A chemical equilibrium model which considers 98 chemical species was used in this research in order to simulate the combustion of the gaseous fuels at differents engine operating conditions. The effect of spark advance, equivalence ratio, methane number (MN), charge (inlet pressure) and inlet temperature (manifold temperature) on engine knocking is evaluated. This work, explore the feasibility of using syngas with low methane number as fuel for commercial internal combustion engines.

Determination of mechanical losses in internal combustion engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
I.K. Aleksandrov ◽  
V.A. Rakov ◽  
N.E. Dyimov
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

A method for determining of mechanical losses in an internal combustion engine is proposed, the principal difference of which is the rotation of the engine shaft with compressed air. This method provides high reliability results on reduction of fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances. Keywords ICE, mechanical losses, tests, compressed air [email protected]

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR GAS-ENGINES WITH SPARK IGNITION, CONVERTED ON THE BASIS OF DIESEL ENGINES TO WORK FOR ON LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Kovalov
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Electronic Control System

The expediency and advantages of using gas motor fuels, in particular, liquefied petroleum gas with respect to traditional liquid motor fuels, are shown. Technical solutions for the use of liquefied petroleum gas by diesel engines are presented and analysed. The expediency and advantages of converting diesel engines to gas spark ignition internal combustion engines with respect to conversion to gas diesel engines. Developed by the Ukrainian synthesis technology Avenir Gaz has for converting diesel engines to gas internal combustion engines with spark ignition. According to the synthesis technology of Avenir Gaz, re-equipment of diesel engines of vehicles is carried out on the basis of the universal electronic control system for gas internal combustion engines, which is based on the multifunctional electronic microprocessor control unit Avenir Gaz 37. The developed electronic microprocessor control system for gas internal combustion engines with forced ignition has a modular structure and consists of two main and a number of additional subsystems. A schematic diagram of a universal electronic control system of a gas internal combustion engine with spark ignition for operation on liquefied petroleum gas is presented. The principle of operation of the main subsystems, which include the subsystem of power management and injection of liquefied petroleum gas by gas electromagnetic injectors into the intake manifold of a gas engine, and the principle of operation of the control subsystem of the ignition with two-spark ignition coils are described. A multifunctional electronic control unit Avenir Gaz 37 has been designed and manufactured. Non-motorized tests of the electronic control unit confirmed its performance. Based on the synthesis technology of Avenir Gaz using the universal electronic control system for gas internal combustion engines with the Avenir Gaz 37 ECU, the D-240 diesel engine was converted into a gas spark ignition internal combustion engine of the D-240-LPG model. Keywords: gas internal combustion engine with forced ignition, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), electronic microprocessor control system for gas internal combustion engines, vehicles operating on LPG.

scholarly journals The Importance of Thermal Barrier Coating in Compression and Spark Ignition Engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1738-1742
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Barrier Coating ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Thermal Barrier ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Barrier Coating

This paper explains the importance of applying thermal barrier coating (TBC) technique in internal combustion engines by providing an effective way of reducing gas emission which are carbon monoxide (CO), oxide of nitrogen (NOX), hydrocarbon (HC) including particulate matter (PM) thereby increasing engine performance (brake thermal efficiency) achieved by applying coating layers on some internal combustion engine parts using materials with low thermal conductivities and matched coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE close to the substrate material) which are mainly ceramics. Energy demand for various activities of life is increasing on a daily basis. The world depends majorly on non-renewable energy sources from fossil fuels to meet these energy demands. To be comfortable in life, better means of transportation and provision of power are required. Compression and spark ignition engines which are also called Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) provide better transport facilities and power. However, combusting these fuels in automobile and stationary engines produces unfriendly atmosphere, contaminates water and air that are consumed by man. Pollution created as a result of combustion of gases in ICE is one of the worst man made contribution to atmospheric pollution.

Improvement in Lean Homogenous Spark-Ignition Combustion With Pulsed Energy Spark Plug

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Jacobs ◽  
Louis J. Camilli ◽  
Joseph E. Gonnella
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Lean Mixtures ◽  
Burn Rate

This article describes a study involving new spark plug technology, referred to as pulsed energy spark plug, for use in igniting fuel-air mixtures in a spark ignition internal combustion engine. The study involves precisely controlled constant volume combustion bomb tests. The major defining difference between the pulsed energy spark plug and a conventional spark plug is a peaking capacitor that improves the electrical-to-plasma energy transfer efficiency from a conventional plug’s 1% to the pulsed energy plug’s 50%. Such an increase in transfer efficiency is believed to improve spark energy and subsequently the ignition time and burn rate of a homogeneous, or potentially stratified, fuel-air mixture. The study observes the pulsed energy plug to shorten the ignition delay of both stoichiometric and lean mixtures (with equivalence ratio of 0.8), relative to a conventional spark plug, without increasing the burn rate. Additionally, the pulsed energy plug demonstrates a decreased lean flammability limit that is about 14% lower (0.76 for conventional plug and 0.65 for pulsed energy plug) than that of the conventional spark plug. These features — advanced ignition of stoichiometric and lean mixtures and decreased lean flammability limits — might qualify the pulsed energy plugs as an enabling technology to effect the mainstream deployment of advanced, ultra-clean and ultra-efficient, spark ignition internal combustion engines. For example, the pulsed energy plug may improve ignition of stratified-GDI engines. Further, the pulsed energy plug technology may improve the attainability of lean-burn homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion by improving the capabilities of spark-assist. Finally, the pulsed energy plug could improve natural gas spark ignition engine development by improving the ignition system. Future work could center efforts on evaluating this spark plug technology in the context of advanced internal combustion engines, to transition the state of the art to the next level.

scholarly journals Impact of a locomotive engine modernization on fuel consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Maciej Andrzejewski ◽  
Paweł Daszkiewicz ◽  
Patryk Urbański ◽  
Łukasz Rymaniak ◽  
Aleksandra Woch
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Drive Unit ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Locomotive Engine

Vehicles used in rail transport are characterized by a long service life, which is caused, among others, by the high cost of their purchase. In Poland, the average age of freight diesel locomotives exceeds 40 years. Increasing the wear and tear of vehicles has an impact on many aspects of machine operation, including environmental pollution. Significant wear and degradation of the powertrain components contributes to the increase in pollutant emissions and fuel consumption, which is closely correlated with the production of carbon dioxide. Modernizations involving the replacement of the drive unit are performed in order to reduce the negative impact of rail vehicles on the environment. The article compares the energy consumption of the ST44 locomotive prior to and after modernization. The older 14D40 two-stroke internal combustion engines were replaced with a more modern engine unit 12CzN26/26. Fuel consumption tests were carried out on a test bench using a OW6300 water resistor.

scholarly journals Expert assessment results anaylisys of machines power units in winter conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-561
Author(s):  
R. F. Salikhov ◽  
V. N. Kuznetsova ◽  
V. V. Dubkov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Piston Group ◽  
Cylinder Piston

Introduction. The implementation of production and technological processes of machines on the vast territory of the Russian Federation is related to the necessity to operate them in low temperatures conditions. The article presents the results of the applied scientific research of the factors that have a negative impact on the operation process of internal combustion engines at low ambient temperatures. The use of the modern methods and means of diagnostics of the cylinder-piston group and the crank- engine mechanism make it possible to reliably establish the causes of the internal combustion engines failures.Materials and methods. In the course of the experimental studies the non-destructive testing, organoleptic, measuring and expert methods were used.Results. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of the engine failures causes, it was found that the breakdowns in the use of inappropriate operating materials at low temperatures, measures to prepare for the launch of diesel generator sets were the main reason for untimely start-up and the faults in cylinder-piston group and the crank mechanism elements, which led to emergency failure of the internal combustion engine.Discussion and conclusion. The proposed research results will make it possible to specificate the development prospects in the field of providing the reliability of internal combustion engines operation. 

Acoustic Diagnostics Applications in the Study of Technical Condition of Combustion Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Deptuła ◽  
Dariusz Kunderman ◽  
Piotr Osiński ◽  
Urszula Radziwanowska ◽  
Radosław Włostowski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Drive Unit ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Acoustic Diagnostics

AbstractThe paper presents the possible applications of using acoustic diagnostics in inspecting the technical condition of an internal combustion engine with autoignition on the example of the Fiat drive unit with common rail system. As a result of measuring the sound pressure level for specific faults and comparing the noise generated by the motor running smoothly, the detailed maps of changes in the acoustic spectrum are possible to generate. These results may be helpful in the future diagnostics of internal combustion engines. In the paper, the results of scientific work in the area of research, design and operation of internal combustion engines, conducted at the Department of Automotive Engineering, in cooperation with the Laboratory of Hydraulic Drives & Vibroacoustics of Machines at the Wroclaw University of Technology are included.

scholarly journals Highest efficiency and ultra low emission – internal combustion engine 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Hubert FRIEDL ◽  
Günter Fraidl ◽  
Paul Kapus
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
And Performance

In the future, the simultaneous reduction of pollutant and CO2 emissions will require significantly enhanced powertrain functionalities that cannot only be adequately represented by the ICE (internal combustion engine) alone. Both automated transmissions and especially powertrain electrification can help to meet efficiently those extended requirements. The extended functionalities are no longer applied exclusively with the ICE itself ("Fully Flexible Internal Combustion Engine"), but distributed across the entire powertrain ("Fully Flexible Powertrain"). In addition, the powertrain will be fully networked with the vehicle environment and thus will utilize all data that are useful for emission and consumption-optimized operation of the ICE. Combustion engine and electrification often complement each other in a synergetic way. This makes it extremely sensible for the combustion engine to evolve in future from a "single fighter" to a "team player". If one compares the requirements of such an ICE with the definition of Industry 4.0, then there are extensive correspondences. Thus, it seems quite opportune to call such a fully networked combustion engine designed to meet future needs as “Internal Combustion Engine 4.0 (ICE 4.0)”. This even more so, as such a name can also be derived from the history: e.g. ICE 1.0 describes the combustion engines of the first mass-produced vehicles, ICE 2.0 the combustion engines emission-optimized since the 1960s and ICE 3.0 the highly optimized "Fully Flexible Combustion Engine", which currently offers a high torque and performance potential combined with low fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. In addition to further improvements in fuel consumption, the "Combustion Engine 4.0" offers such a low level of pollutant emissions that can best be described as "Zero Impact Emission". This means that such future ICE´s will no longer have a negative impact on the imission situation in urban areas. With the e-fuels topic, the ICE also has the potential to become both CO2- and pollutant-neutral in the medium and long term. This means that the ICE – also in passenger cars – will continue to be an essential and necessary cornerstone for future powertrain portfolios for the next decades.

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