scholarly journals SITUS “KOTO RAYO” DAN KEARIFAN TRADISIONAL DI TEPI SUNGAI TABIR JAMBI

Author(s):  
Pahrudin

Dalam penelitian ini, penulis  membahas  ‘Koto Rayo’, sebuah pemukiman kuno di sisi Sungai Tabir, Jambi sebagai sebuah budaya dan kearifan lokal. Penelitian difokuskan pada nilai kearifan lokal yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam kaitan dengan situs ini. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan memunculkan fakta-fakta sebagai berikut. Pulau Sumatera memiliki peradaban tinggi di masa lalu, khususnya melalui Kerajaan Sriwijaya yang mengontrol dan mendominasi seluruh pulau ini dan sebagian besar wilayah Asia Tenggara. Salah satu wilayah Kerajaan Sriwijaya di Pulau Sumatera adalah Jambi, yang dahulu memiliki banyak Kerajaan Melayu. ‘Koto Rayo’ yang terletak di sisi Sungai Tabir ‘mungkin’ salah satu peradaban yang berhubungan dengan sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Jambi dan atau Kerajaan Sriwijaya di masa lalu. Situs ini mempengaruhi beberapa perilaku kearifan lokal pada masyarakat sekitar dalam wujud perilaku yang tegas dalam melestarikan lingkungan dan menjaga warisan budaya. Kearifan lokal ini penting untuk meminimalisir efek negatif globalisasi.The objective of this study is to discuss ’Koto Rayo’, an ancient settlement on the side of Tabir river, Jambi as a culture and local wisdom. The study focused on the value of local knowledge in the communities in connection with this site. Data was collected through observation, interviews and document analysis. The results and discussion led to the following facts. The island of Sumatra has a high civilization in the past, particularly through the kingdom of Srivijaya that controls and dominates the entire island and most of the Southeast Asia region. One of the kingdom of Srivijaya in Sumatra is Jambi, which once had many Malay kingdom. ’Rayo Koto’ located on the side of Tabir river is ’probably’ one of civilization associated with the history of the Malay kingdom of Srivijaya kingdom of Jambi in the past. This site affects some local knowledge on the behavior of the surrounding community in the form of assertive behavior in preserving the environment and maintain the cultural heritage. This local knowledge is essential to minimize the negative effects of globalization.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (58) ◽  

Today, developed societies consider it as a necessity to protect the buildings that are accepted as cultural heritage and represent the life and architectural technologies of the past years. Historical buildings that are transferred to future generations with new functions by keeping original values alive provide continuity both economically and culturally. According to this understanding, the building, which was used as a Winding House in the Ottoman Period in Sogut district of Bilecik Province, but lost its function in the process and served as a Tekel warehouse; it has been taken under protection in order to protect its historical, original and architectural elements and has been re-functionalized as the Sogut Museum today. The aim of the research is to reveal the location and history of the building, which was built as a dressing house, and the transformation process into Sogut Ertugrul Gazi Museum by re-functioning: space, environmental features, economic and socio-cultural aspects. In the qualitative research, the data were collected by observation, interview and document analysis. As a result of the evaluations made, the original spatial constructs of the building have adapted to the new function with little intervention without any change, the re-functionalized structure meets the spatial needs with the museum function, the museum has intense visitors outside the province and its location, bringing the life of the Ertugrul Gazi period to today. It has been observed that it sheds light on its values. Keywords: Re-Functioning, Sogut Ertugrul Gazi Museum, spatial analysis, environmental features, economical, social and cultural evaluation


1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. W. Small

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.


Kebudayaan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
I Made Sutaba

Archaeological researches in Indonesia have discovered a number of various historical and archaeological artifacts that belong to cultural heritage. As historical evidences, this cultural heritage is an important source of the plural information and messages of the past life of our society. It is remarkable that this cultural heritage has some problems for example problem of typology, function, meanings, and the other for the society. Studying the problems, it is interesting to do research on its function as a teller of the past history that contained various aspects of the life of our society that not yet studied until today. By learning the problems, this research goal is to find the answer of the problems. To reach this goal, we do this research gradually by collecting data through literature study and field observation along with interviews. The next step is analysis carried out through methods of typology analysis, contextual, functional analysis, ethno archaeological and ethno historical approach. Finally the result showed that the function of our cultural heritage is as teller of the many-sided aspects of the past history of our artifacts such as technological aspects, social, and religious aspects but it is impossible to get full completed information due to some reasons. Keywords: archaeological and historical artifacts, cultural heritages, teller of the past.  AbstrakPenyelidikan arkeologi di Indonesia sudah berhasil menemukan artefak sejarah dan arkeologi yang beraneka ragam, yang tergolong sebagai warisan budaya. Sebagai bukti-bukti sejarah, warisan budaya ini adalah sumber informasi dan pesan-pesan kehidupan masyarakat masa lalu yang bersifat pluralistik. Menarik perhatian, bahwa warisan budaya ini mempunyai permasalahan yaitu, permasalahan tipologi, fungsi dan makna dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Mempelajari masalah ini, sangat menarik untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai fungsinya sebagai penutur sejarah masa silam, yang mengandung aneka ragam, aspek kehidupan masyarakat, yang belum dikaji sampai sekarang. Dengan mencermati permasalahan ini, maka tujuan penelitian ini, adalah untuk meneliti permasalahan tadi. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, penulis melakukan penelitian secara bertahap melalui pengumpulan data dengan metode kajian pustaka dan observasi lapangan yang disertai dengan wawancara. Langkah selanjutnya, adalah melakukan analisis dengan analisis tipologi, kontekstual, analisis fungsional, pendekatan etnoarkeologi dan etnohistori. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa cagar budaya itu berfungsi sebagai penutur kehidupan masa silam yang mengandung aspek yang bersfiat jamak, adalah aspek teknologi, sosial dan religi, tetapi tidak mungkin untuk mendapat informasi yang lengkap karena berbagai faktor.Kata kunci: peninggalan sejarah dan purbakala, warisan budaya, penutur masa silam.


1970 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Elin Rose Myrvoll

Archaeologists produce and communicate authorized stories concerning cultural heritage and the past. Their legitimacy is based on education, scientific methods and their connection with a research community. Their position as authorized producers of history is also emphasized by TV programmes presenting archaeologists as riddle-solving detectives. The main aim of this article is to focus on the dynamics between stories communicated by archaeologists and the stories pass- ed on and communicated by members of a local community, and to discuss these. What happens when stories based on tradition and lore meet authorized stories? The latter sometimes overwrite or erase local lore and knowledge connected to features in the landscape. Some archaeological projects have, however, involved local participants and locally based knowledge. In addition, one should be aware that local and traditional knowledge are sometimes kept and transmitted within a family, local community or ethnic group. Local knowledge is therefore not always a resource that is accessible for archaeologists.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Ratih Pradnyaswari Anasta Putri ◽  
I Putu Adi Widiantara

Abstract: Pura is one of Balinese architectural works that serves as a place of worship for Hindus. Pura as one of the local wisdom of the Balinese people is often associated with the identity of a region and cultural heritage. Pura is considered as one of the real proofs of the history of history from the past until now. The rolling of time and time, and the absence of adequate historical documentation regarding temples in Bali caused changes and developments that often did not match the standard. Many factors can be said to be the cause of changes or developments in a temple, including: (1) lack of documentation; (2) understanding of local people who are still minimal in the process of building a temple; (3) the absence of rules, awig-awig, or guidelines regarding the process of building a temple; (4) the people's desire to carry out practical and inexpensive temple renovation processes; and (5) people's insensitivity to the identity of their territory. Sites that have historical value are instead replaced with new or current models that are not necessarily based on original literature from previous ancestral orders. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers believe that there needs to be a preservation effort, namely a conservation strategy so that changes and developments can be overcome and controlled according to their portion. This research was carried out in an exploratory manner with qualitative data analysis, which explores data in depth through in-depth interviews.                                     Keywords : Pura, Site, Conservation, IdentityAbstrak: Pura merupakan salah satu karya arsitektur Bali yang berfungsi sebagai tempat ibadah bagi umat Hindu. Pura sebagai salah satu kearifan lokal masyarakat Bali seringkali dikaitkan dengan identitas suatu wilayah dan warisan budaya. Pura dianggap sebagai salah satu bukti nyata perjalanan sejarah dari masa lampau hingga sekarang. Bergulirnya waktu dan jaman, serta tidak adanya dokumentasi sejarah yang memadai mengenai pura-pura di Bali menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan dan perkembangan yang seringkali tidak sesuai pakemnya. Banyak faktor yang dapat dikatakan sebagai penyebab dalam perubahan ataupun perkembangan sebuah pura, antara lain : (1) tidak adanya dokumentasi; (2) pemahaman masyarakat setempat yang masih minim terhadap proses pembangunan sebuah pura; (3) tidak adanya aturan, awig-awig, ataupun guidelines mengenai proses pembangunan sebuah pura; (4) keinginan masyarakat untuk melakukan proses renovasi pura dengan praktis dan murah; dan (5) ketidakpekaan masyarakat akan identitas wilayahnya. Situs-situs yang memiliki nilai historis malah diganti dengan model kebaruan atau kekinian yang belum tentu berdasarkan sastra asli dari tatanan leluhur sebelumnya. Melihat fenomena tersebut, peneliti meyakini perlu adanya sebuah upaya pelestarian yaitu strategi konservasi sehingga perubahan dan perkembangan dapat diatasi dan dikendalikan sesuai dengan porsinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksploratif dengan analisis data kualitatif, dimana menggali data sedalam-dalamnya melalui wawancara mendalam (in depth interview).Kata Kunci: Pura, Situs, Konservasi, Identitas


Author(s):  
Allison Varzally

This chapter tracks the assimilation of adopted Vietnamese and Amerasians through the 1970s and 1980s amid contested memories about wars in Southeast Asia, conceptions of identity, and ideas of community. It traces how they have interpreted their own histories since the 1990s through social media, memoirs, documentaries, reunions, conferences, and calls to Congress. I doing so, they changed the public’s thinking of the past, exposing a history of racial difference, violence, and dislocation.


Author(s):  
Petro Nesterenko

Annotation. The article analyzes the little-studied art of the Ukrainian publishing sign, which has a history of almost fifty years and is well known for its highly artistic works. An excursion into the past of the Ukrainian publishing label has been made, collecting documents scattered across various sources of reports on samples of the publishing labels, both known and in the vast majority of unknown authors, and we pay tribute to this important cultural heritage that has developed in the course of the European process. The publishing signs of the second half of XX – beginning of XXI centuries are described and their artistic features are analyzed. The art of the Ukrainian emblem, especially in the last century, has not been practically studied. Probably, the topic is considered too small to draw enough attention. Turning pages of the book, few people pay atten- tion to the publishing house, thanks to which we have the happy opportunity to hold it. The artistic decision of modern publishing signs, which often quite often has a small font character, is not striking. They are created mainly by artists, editorial staff, without paying much attention to this process. However, there are times when they turn out to be the work of talented young artists who, over time, become famous. For example, the well-known art publishing signs for the leading Kiev publishing houses "Art" (artist V. E. Perevalsky) and "Rainbow" (artist O. I. Gubarev), created at that time by young graphic artists, who are now well-known folk artists of Ukraine. However, the art of the sign is an important component of book graphics, it does not lose its relevance at a new stage of society and deserves in-depth study.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Andy Hadiyanto

The different interpretations of the holy texts of the Qur'an further broaden the horizon of Muslim understanding of the content of God's messages on the one hand. But on the other hand, the greater the interpretation if not accompanied by an attitude of openness will lead to idiologization (talwiin) to certain understandings arising from that interpretation. Such an idiologisation will elicit a blind and faithless fanatic attitude in religion. Violence in the name of religion and the various conflicts among fellow Muslims recorded in the history of Islam from the past until now is concrete evidence of the negative effects of an interpretation. Therefore this paper is present to provide a comprehensive picture of the recitation of the Qur'an.  Keywords: Al-Qur'an, Contemporary Tafsir, Interpretation  Abstrak Perbedaan penafsiran terhadap teks suci al-Qur’an semakin memperluas horizon pemahaman umat Islam tentang kandungan pesan-pesan Tuhan di satu sisi. Namun di sisi lain, semakin banyaknya penafsiran tersebut apabila tidak dibarengi dengan sikap keterbukaan akan menimbulkan idiologisasi (talwiin) terhadap pemahaman-pemahaman tertentu yang muncul akibat penafsiran itu. Idiologisasi tersebut akan memunculkan sikap fanatik buta dan ketertutupan dalam beragama. Kekerasan atas nama agama dan berbagai konflik antar sesama pemeluk Islam yang tercatat dalam sejarah Islam dari dulu hingga sekarang adalah bukti kongkrit efek negatif sebuah penafsiran. Oleh karena itu tulisan ini hadir untuk memeberikan gambaran yang komprehensif terhadap pembacaan al-Qur’an.  Kata Kunci: Al-Qur’an, Tafsir Kontemporer, Penafsiran


Author(s):  
Никита Храпунов ◽  
Nikita Khrapunov

The article examines various aspects of descriptions of the past and archeological sites of Crimea prepared by travelers that visited the peninsula in the first decades after its incorporation into Russia in 1783. It demonstrates that Crimea, which had previously been quite unknown to the European audience, became a popular place for educational trips – largely because of the unique concentration of the cultural heritage on its area. The analysis of the travelers’ notes showed that the foreigners had been attracted by monuments associated with the Ancient Greece and Rome, Scythians, Sarmatians and Tauridians, Crimean Goths and Byzantines, medieval Genovese colonies, the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate. The vogue of Crimea was boosted by the fashion for antiquity and fascination of the Europeans with the mysterious and romantic Islamic East. The study unveils that the travelers created an extensive, though rather mixed set of sources, whose authors had different intellectual level and varying interests, found themselves in different life circumstances, pursued various objectives and worked in a range of genres. The study of the travel essays helped to reveal the unknown pages in the history of archeological studies of Crimea, specifically, the history of the search for the ancient Chersonese or discovery of the capital of the late Scythians. The paper shows the importance of the travelers’ sketches for the modern architectural and archeological research and restoration projects. It is detected that the travelers turned individual monuments into tourist attractions, created and communicated stereotypes and legends. It is demonstrated that some foreigners applied to the history and archeology of Crimea to back up their economic and political projects.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Lee Rodgers ◽  
Patrick E. Shrout

Psychological science is in the midst of what has been referred to as a “replication crisis.” The realization that many individual findings do not replicate in new studies has led to questioning the scientific method and the integrity of psychological science. We review the history of the replication crisis, and its positive and negative effects. Most of the elements of the replication crisis are re-emergent issues that methodologists have studied in the past, but to which researchers have become increasingly sensitized. Ultimately, we argue the value of the replication crisis, in that it has led to positive self-examination within our science and to the development of new and innovative methodology. The field is emerging from the replication crisis with a realization of the importance of multiple replication efforts, and an improved ethic of openness and transparency in the conduct of research.


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