scholarly journals Work Motivation and Career Autonomy as Predictors of Women’s Subjective Career Success in STEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Miriam Schmitt ◽  
Sabine Lauer ◽  
Uwe Wilkesmann
Keyword(s):  
Career Success ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Stem Careers ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Subjective Career Success ◽  
And Mathematics

The minority status of women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) professions makes their successful career development difficult. Due to gender-specific challenges, career dissatisfaction contributes to women dropping out of STEM careers. Therefore, women’s subjective career success (SCS) is important to persist and progress in their STEM careers. This study analyzed the influence of different types of work motivation and the perceived career autonomy on SCS of women. Specifically, 318 women working in STEM professions in Germany completed a quantitative online questionnaire. Using an ordinary least squares regression for variables predicting SCS measured as career satisfaction, we found that an intrinsic work motivation positively affects women’s SCS. The perception of high career autonomy was related positively, and the perception of low career autonomy was related negatively to SCS. Unexpectedly, the findings also revealed the positive influence of income on women’s SCS. The findings show that intrinsic work motivation and high perceived autonomy are promoting factors for SCSs, which could also contribute to their retention in STEM professions.

scholarly journals Lack of Informations about COVID-19 Vaccine: From Implications to Intervention for Supporting Public Health Communications in COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6141
Author(s):  
Silva Guljaš ◽  
Zvonimir Bosnić ◽  
Tamer Salha ◽  
Monika Berecki ◽  
Zdravka Krivdić Dupan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Wide Range

Lack of knowledge and mistrust towards vaccines represent a challenge in achieving the vaccination coverage required for population immunity. The aim of this study is to examine the opinion that specific demographic groups have about COVID-19 vaccination, in order to detect potential fears and reasons for negative attitudes towards vaccination, and to gain knowledge on how to prepare strategies to eliminate possible misinformation that could affect vaccine hesitancy. The data collection approach was based on online questionnaire surveys, divided into three groups of questions that followed the main postulates of the health belief theory—a theory that helps understanding a behaviour of the public in some concrete surrounding in receiving preventive measures. Ordinary least squares regression analyses were used to examine the influence of individual factors on refusing the vaccine, and to provide information on the perception of participants on the danger of COVID-19 infection, and on potential barriers that could retard the vaccine utility. There was an equal proportion of participants (total number 276) who planned on receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (37%), and of those who did not (36.3%). The rest (26.7%) of participants were still indecisive. Our results indicated that attitudes on whether to receive the vaccine, on how serious consequences might be if getting the infection, as well as a suspicious towards the vaccine efficacy and the fear of the vaccine potential side effects, may depend on participants’ age (<40 vs. >40 years) and on whether they are healthcare workers or not. The barriers that make participants‘ unsure about of receiving the vaccine, such as a distrust in the vaccine efficacy and safety, may vary in different socio-demographic groups and depending on which is the point of time in the course of the pandemic development, as well as on the vaccine availability and experience in using certain vaccine formulas. There is a pressing need for health services to continuously provide information to the general population, and to address the root causes of mistrust through improved communication, using a wide range of policies, interventions and technologies.

scholarly journals ICD corporate communication and its determinants: evidence from Italian listed companies’ websites

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Nicolò ◽  
Natalia Aversano ◽  
Giuseppe Sannino ◽  
Paolo Tartaglia Polcini
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Resources

Purpose This study aims to analyse the extent and type of online intellectual capital (IC) disclosure provided by a sample of 117 Italian listed companies. The study also seeks to identify possible determinants of the extent and type of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) practiced by Italian listed companies via the Web. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis is conducted to investigate the extent and type of online ICD provided through websites by a sample of 117 Italian listed companies. Two multivariate ordinary least squares regression models are applied to estimate the associations proposed in the research hypotheses. Findings The results show that Italian listed companies are exploiting the potential of websites to satisfy the information needs of investors and other stakeholders in relation to strategic IC-based corporate resources, with a particular focus on external capital. For the most part, ICD is conveyed in narrative form. Moreover, while the size and board independence positively affect both the extent and type of ICD, profitability exerts a positive influence only on the extent of online ICD. Originality/value Unlike previous ICD studies, which focussed on annual reports, this study explores an emerging and innovative tool to convey ICD, namely, the website. In today’s world, websites are considered to be the most expedient and effective tools for sharing and transmitting information, including IC; they are a vehicle that can shift the IC focus from the organisation to the wider ecosystem.

scholarly journals Effect of Money Supply on Economic Growth: A Comparative Study of Nigeria and Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Impact

The effect of money supply in enhancing economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana is investigated in this study. The major objectives of the study are to establish the joint and individual influences of money supply mechanisms on economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana. The study employs data from 2009 to 2018 and uses Ordinary Least Squares regression technique for analysis of the data. The findings reveal that broad money supply (M2) has an insignificant negative influence on RGDP in Nigeria, but in Ghana the impact is significant and positive. Broad money supply (M3) exerts insignificant positive influence on RGDP in Nigeria, but significant negative impact on RGDP in Ghana while credit to private sectors (CPS) has insignificant positive influence on RGDP in both Nigeria and Ghana. The study among others suggests that the Monetary Authorities in the two countries should come up with monetary policy strategies that will help drive the economy better and such policies should consider M2 and CPS more as their contributions are necessary for economic expansion that lead to more output and employment.

scholarly journals Girls and Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjana Dasgupta ◽  
Jane G. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relations ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Stem Careers ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Policies And Programs

Scientific advances fuel American economic competitiveness, quality of life, and national security. Much of the future job growth is projected in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). However, the supply of domestic students who pursue STEM careers remains small relative to the demand. On the supply side, girls and women represent untapped human capital that, if leveraged, could enhance the STEM workforce, given that they comprise 50% of the American population and more than 50% of the college-bound population. Yet the scarcity of women in STEM careers remains stark. What drives these gender disparities in STEM? And what are the solutions? Research points to different answers depending on the stage of human development. Distinct obstacles occur during three developmental periods: (a) childhood and adolescence, (b) emerging adulthood, and (c) young-to-middle adulthood. This article describes how specific learning environments, peer relations, and family characteristics become obstacles to STEM interest, achievement, and persistence in each period. Evidence-based policies and programs promise to eliminate these obstacles, increasing girls and women’s participation in STEM.

Flexibility of benefit systems and firms’ attraction and retention capacities

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dolores Vidal-Salazar ◽  
Eulogio Cordón-Pozo ◽  
José M. de la Torre-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Human Resources Managers ◽  
Attraction And Retention

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze three different forms of benefit systems and the effects of their application on Spanish firms’ attraction and retention capacity, differentiating these systems depending on the flexibility offered to the workers. Design/methodology/approach – The data of this study have been collected from a sample of 308 human resources managers in Spanish firms, through an online questionnaire. The hypotheses were tested by ordinary least squares regression analyses. Findings – The results show that firms having more flexible compensation systems, that is, those providing greater freedom to workers in the election of their benefits and the design of the benefit system, reported to have a higher attraction and retention capacity than firms offering to their employees a unique and similar benefit package for all the employees. Research limitations/implications – Future studies could extent this study by analyzing different contexts in order to determine whether some institutional factors can influence these results. Similarly, it would be interesting to analyze the effects of these systems on other organizational outcomes, such as their financial performance. Practical implications – Human resources policies and, especially, compensation policies have a significant influence on the ability of firms to recruit and retain core employees, necessary for corporate success. This study sheds light on the effectiveness of different benefits systems in enhancing the firms’ capacities to attract and retain core employees. Taking into account the hard financial and labor environment that the Spanish firms have to face, the results of this study can have important implications for managers. Originality/value – This paper responds to recent calls asking for the necessity of analyzing the effect of different benefit systems in contexts different to the broadly considered American context. Similarly, these results could be applied to other countries with conditions similar to Spain, that is, countries where the benefit systems have been traditionally less flexible and with an offer of benefits quite different than firms located in countries where the State offers a less-social assistance to citizens.

Linking Job Design to Subjective Career Success

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Dahling ◽  
Taylor K. Lauricella
Keyword(s):  
Career Success ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Career Experiences ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Subjective Career Success

We tested a predictive model based on self-determination theory (SDT) to demonstrate how job design choices contribute to subjective career success. Data collected at Time 1 demonstrated that the job characteristics of autonomy support and competence support had direct and interactive effects on employees’ need satisfaction. Need satisfaction at Time 1 mediated the relationship between autonomy support and self-determined work motivation at Time 2. Work motivation, in turn, mediated the relationships between need fulfillment and career attitudes that characterize subjective career success. These findings are theoretically important because they demonstrate that SDT can bridge job design theory and career theory, pointing to new ways that job and career experiences are interrelated. From a practical standpoint, the results are valuable because they show that job enrichment efforts guided by SDT have important implications for promoting career success perceptions and vocational retention among experienced workers.

Measurement of Career Success: The Case of Rural to Urban Migrant Labourers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Phuc Nguyen Van ◽  
Binh Quan Minh Quoc ◽  
Quyen Nguyen Le Hoang Thuy To
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Migrant Laborers ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Subjective Career Success

Despite the rich literature on the antecedents of career success, the success criterion has generally been measured in a rather deficient manner. This study aims to operationalize and measure career success of rural to urban migrant laborers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam by developing an integrated index. The Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) with a combination of both reflective and formative constructs is applied. Employing the primary data of 419 migrant laborers in a survey conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2015, the hierarchical model confirms the statistically significant contribution of objective and subjective components to the career success index. Compared to objective career success, subjective career success has a stronger effect on the index. Five dimensions of career success are distinguished including: 1) job satisfaction, 2) career satisfaction, 3) life satisfaction, 4) other-referent criteria and 5) promotion. The first four and the final one are categorized as subjective career success and objective career success respectively. Among the four dimensions of subjective success, job satisfaction, career satisfaction and life satisfaction share lesser weights than success using otherreferent criteria in the model. This finding implies that other-referent criteria play an important role when people evaluate their career success. The index shall provide a general picture of the career success of rural to urban migrant laborers in Ho Chi Minh City and give an empirical result for further micro-research on career success determination.

BUILDING A NETWORK TO SUPPORT GIRLS AND WOMEN IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline D. Spears ◽  
Ruth A. Dyer ◽  
Suzanne E. Franks ◽  
Beth A. Montelone
Keyword(s):  
Women In Science ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics
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