scholarly journals The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Development of Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Leila Sultanova ◽  
Liudmyla Milto ◽  
Maryna Zheludenko

The main research directions of the situation in European higher education and Ukraine such as emergency transition to distance learning and teaching; problems related to internationalization and academic mobility; the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on research; the importance of cooperation with various organizations; strengthening of European higher education at the international level; and consequences of the crisis and prospects for higher education have been defined. The threats and potential emergence of destabilizing natural circumstances for the development of educational systems in a society, in particular higher education, have been described in global, European and national dimensions.Four groups of teachers that have been formed in forced transition to distance education. The groups have included the teachers of the subjects that required a significant amount of practical and laboratory work; teachers who actively used digital technology before the pandemic; teachers familiar with digital technologies; teachers who failed to master new tools for organizing learning, teamwork and expanded use of digital resources. The problems of the lack of professionally developed programs for online learning, insufficient funding, the need for methodological training of teachers to work with students online, which are common to most universities, have been identified.

Due to the threat posed by COVID-19, many colleges and universities around the world opted to switch to online courses and smart working to keep their students, professors, and staff safe during the pandemic emergency. Face-to-face classes, including labs and workshops, have been canceled and substituted with online activities. New administrative procedures have also been established to support the emergency remote education. This article analyzes these changes in light of the experiences of three higher education institutions in different countries, namely Latvia, Poland, and Italy. From this analysis, some aspects have emerged that have stimulated a deeper reflection on the use of digital technology in higher education. .


Author(s):  
Chrissi Nerantzi ◽  
Craig Scott Despard

In this paper we describe the use of LEGO® models within assessment of the Postgraduate Certificate in Academic Practice (PGCAP) offered at the University of Salford. Within the context of the PGCAP, we model innovative and contextualised assessment strategies for and of learning. We challenge our students, who are teachers in higher education (HE), to think and rethink the assessment they are using with their own students. We help them develop a deeper understanding and experience of good assessment and feedback practice in a wider context while they are assessed as students on the PGCAP. We report on an evaluation of how the LEGO® model activity was used with a cohort of students in the context of the professional discussion assessment. We share the impact it had on reflection and the assessment experience and make recommendations for good practice.


2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-249
Author(s):  
Andrzej Żurawski

Abstract This article explores Bruno Amable’s Diversity of Capitalism approach to analyze educational systems in the European Union (EU28). The main goal is to identify the main clusters of educational systems with regard to their institutional characteristics. Second goal of the analysis is to evaluate the impact of several EU policies and initiatives on the institutional structure of European educational systems. This article identified six clusters in terms of general education and five clusters in terms of higher education systems. The clustering shows, that – with some exceptions (notably the United Kingdom and Ireland) – European education systems have similar structure to other institutional areas, in particular, it confirms the existence of post-communist (in terms of Farkas) or patchwork (in terms of Rapacki et al.) capitalism. The article shows, as well, that subsystem of higher education is much less diverse, what may have a significance for future discussions on the capitalisms in the EU. Results suggests also that there exist significant differences in performance between the clusters, something that may have a crucial importance for an educational policy.


Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição Pereira Ramos

In this chapter, the authors address the following issues: convergence of internationalisation paths in universities and trends in European higher education; international cooperation and education regarding the internationalisation of higher education policy in Europe and other world regions; mobility trends with the growth of selective and qualified migration; student flows and migration in the higher education globalisation and internationalisation process; European and national policies for academic mobility and internationalisation of higher education; consequences of academic mobility and migration regarding the professional value of mobility, interculturalism, and higher education; institutional and social responses to internationalisation, Europeanisation, and globalisation of higher education. The authors note how international academic mobility represents a professional added value and a cultural, scientific, and technological enrichment for higher education, which broadens the perspectives of the individuals and institutions involved. The internationalisation of higher education contributes to spreading an educational culture with a tendency to establish itself as a European and global educational model.


Author(s):  
Alina Mihaela Dima ◽  
Simona Vasilache

This chapter includes an overview of the academic research recently dedicated to educational policies in European higher education. This chapter reviews the main research databases, looking for general and specialized articles referring to academic research, and the authors map the trends in mainstream literature. They identify the dynamics of articles dedicated to academic research, the most frequent topics, and assess their impact on educational policies in European universities. The chapter is based on a quantitative analysis of the records, as well as on the debates and analyses of the research on educational policies in recent years.


Author(s):  
Andrew S. Herridge ◽  
Lisa J. James

This chapter looked at the implications of Brexit on the recruitment of international faculty, students, and the ability to obtain research funding. Higher education stakeholders have legitimate concerns regarding the impact of the UK's separation from the EU. In preemptive moves, students are transferring to institutions outside the UK and EU to universities that are welcoming and accommodating the special needs and circumstances of international scholars. Researchers are prematurely dissolving collaborative partnerships with colleagues to mitigate complications and lost funding expected, as a result of Brexit. There are universities exploring possible locations for new satellite campuses in other countries. Through the development of policies and treaties such as the Bologna Process, Lisbon Strategy, European Higher Education in the World initiative, the European Union has demonstrated the importance and purpose of higher education both in Europe and at the international level.


Author(s):  
Dean Bruton

This chapter aims to develop awareness of the changing characterization of design and design education in response to the impact of global crisis and the ongoing introduction of innovative computational design methods and technologies. This chapter presents a strategic vision that includes a range of major concerns in relation to design education’s learning and teaching needs in higher education. The purpose of the chapter is to reconsider the foundation and consequent assumptions required of a vital relevant design education in the 21st century. It reflects on a general academic reassessment of the nature of design education in the light of the impact of computational methods and technologies and asserts a need for the re-envisioning of design education pedagogies in terms of networked interaction and global issues. Specifically it maintains that computational methods and techniques and the institutional adoption of interaction as a key factor in education has transformed the conception and construction of content as well as the delivery of communications across the broad spectrum of both the arts and sciences. It acknowledges the theory of institutional transformation, explores the evidence for such a theory, and discusses design education’s potential pedagogical strategies for reform of higher education.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Lorraine Lim

This article provides a brief look at the impact of digital technology on countries in Asia in relation to the media industry. It then examines the implications of digital technology and the policing of media within the countries of Singapore and China, which have sought to connect to the global economy via its investment in digital technology yet still attempt to maintain some form of control of access to certain digital content on its citizenry. The article concludes with potential directions in which researchers can contribute to the ongoing debate about the impact of the ‘global’ on media and its impact on nation states.


Author(s):  
María Matarranz

Two decades have passed from the Sorbonne Declaration in 1999 to the present day, a period of time in which we have witnessed the great changes that have occurred in higher education systems in many countries of the world, specifically the countries belonging to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA).Four countries started by signing the 1999 Declaration, today there are already forty-eight countries involved in the EHEA.In this article, a tour of the milestones that have been shaping and kneading the EHEA is made, addressing the most relevant issues addressed in the different meetings of the ministers of higher education. Next, we will stop at one of the most relevant indicators of the EHEA: the quality assurance systems that, because of the Bologna Process, have been deployed both at the supranational and national levels. We will make an overview of the implementation of educational quality in the countries. Finally, we will reflect on the impact that the perspective of educational quality has had in the countries of the European Higher Education Area. 


2020 ◽  
pp. 240-252
Author(s):  
Olha Pavlenko

The study aims to describe the methodology for a comparative study of US and Ukrainian higher education institutions, namely with regard to the professional training of electronics engineers. Although applying international experiences in training students of higher education institutions is becoming more widely accepted by Ukrainian higher education institutions, few studies attempted to explore the impact of leading US institutions’ best engineering education practices on Ukrainian higher engineering education. It is suggested that comparing professional training of electronics engineers in US and Ukrainian higher education contexts should address the feasibility and procedures for US experience implementation. Thus, this article determines the levels of comparative pedagogical analysis of professional training of electronics engineers i.e. conceptual, organizational and methodological, content and technological. In addition, invariant tasks of comparative pedagogical research are proposed. In particular, they include analysis and comparison of concepts, provision of procedures and comparison criteria, description of research stages, applying the discovered US educational experience to the Ukrainian context, development of recommendations for educational policy with regard to the modernization of higher education. The comparative analysis of concepts has identified the equivalents in the educational contexts of two countries as well as shown the need for introducing some new concepts into Ukrainian engineering education terminology. Criteria introduced by the leading international, US and Ukrainian ranking systems, Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology enabled the selection of 43 appropriate higher engineering institutions. The findings reveal that US educational experience allows Ukrainian institutions that train electronics engineers to find optimal solutions to solve these problems and outline promising areas for applying the US experience. Comparative study of two educational systems is of undeniable practical importance, particularly with respect to the modern period of Ukrainian higher engineering education reforms.


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