scholarly journals Macroeconomic Uncertainty and Empirical Research Results of its Quantitative Measurement in Georgia

Ekonomika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
David Kbiladze ◽  
Shorena Metreveli ◽  
Tamar Kbiladze
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Macroeconomic Uncertainty ◽  
Definition Of

The present article describes the approaches and definition of the concept of uncertainty proposed by its authors, a quantitative evaluation of uncertainty, and materials of the empirical study used to explore the said issues on the example of macroeconomics of Georgia. We hope that the views given in the article will be useful for developing countries, particularly for the economic policy-makers in the post-communist states, as well as for the academic and scientific circles engaged in the studies of the above-listed issues.

Some Simple Thoughts on Model Building for Developing Countries

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk C. Bos
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Policy Advice ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
Simple Models

The revival of interest in using models for developing countries for planning and policy advice makes it desirable to draw lessons from past experience. Simple models, focussed on specific issues, are to be preferred to large and comprehensive models. More empirical research is needed on supply and production functions for developing countries. Not statistical criteria but developmental considerations must determine the conclusions to be drawn from models. More explicit explanations of assumptions and modesty in presenting results of modelling work to policy makers are desirable.

A solution to the problem of brand definition

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Avis ◽  
Isaac Levi Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Brand Concept ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Agreed Definition

Purpose This paper aims to critically evaluate the definition of the brand concept, support the critique with an empirical study and provide a definition to resolve the problems that have been identified. Design/methodology/approach This paper combines a conceptual critique with empirical research using a sample of 730 journal papers to analyse the scope and number of brand-related concepts in extant literature. Findings The brand concept has evolved to become problematic with no clarity of definition. There has been an explosion in the number of brand-related concepts that make the brand concept opaque and unwieldy. Based upon the findings, the authors argue that it is necessary to return to a “label and associations model” of the brand concept to ameliorate these issues. Research limitations/implications The empirical research presented examines only 730 papers from a much wider body of brand literature. Nonetheless, it illustrates the fact that researchers and theorists are not talking about the same concept when using the term “brand”. Practical implications Practitioners are not being served by academic branding literature because no two researchers appear to be studying the same entity. This prevents a body of research from being built to guide practitioners. Originality/value This paper makes an original contribution by combining a conceptual critique and empirical study to examine the problems arising from the absence of an agreed definition of the brand concept and uses this as a foundation for creating a resolution to the problems.

Reconsidering the Crisis Agreements of the 1930s: The Defence of Democracy in a Comparative Scandinavian Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kristina Krake
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Social

This article examines the Scandinavian countries’ response to extreme political movements in the interwar period. Historians have considered the crisis agreements of the 1930s as pivotal to Scandinavian resistance to fascism. The present article revises this explanation by conducting a comparative empirical study of political practice and rhetoric. The comparison makes it clear that the socio-economic measures were primarily aimed at combating the economic crisis. However, the social democratic labour parties conceptualised their social and economic policy as a defence of democracy after Hitler seized power in Germany. The findings indicate that the social democratic solution to the depression in Scandinavia left no political space for either communism or fascism.

Codification and Tax Law: On the Need for Separate Sources of Income in Respect of Employee and Self-Employed Taxpayers

1984 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 440-494
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Edrey
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Present State ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Special Category

In our previous article we dealt with the definition of employee for income tax purposes. We concluded that in the present state of the law in Israel the courts are obliged to depart from the accepted definition of this term as applied in labour law and the law of torts and develop an independent functional test more suitable to tax law. We stressed that this conclusion was based on the existing law in Israel, namely the provisions on the Income Tax Ordinance, which treats taxpayers who are employees as a special category.In the present article we wish to look at the problem from the broader perspective of the lex ferenda. Our remarks are addressed primarily to legislators and policy-makers, and not, as the previous article, to the courts and the tax ordinance commentators.

A Historical View of Empirical Poetics: Trends and Possibilities

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Steen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Puzzle Solving ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Paradigms

A historical view of the empirical study of literature provides a platform for reflection on the past, present, and future of the enterprise. The development of the field is sketched with reference to a number of turning points in the eight conferences of the scholarly association for empirical poetics, IGEL. A shift is observed from a theory-driven to a research-driven image. On the basis of this shift, problematic aspects of doing empirical research and formulating empirical theories are singled out for special attention. In particular, a plea is made for viewing research as puzzle solving in the sense of Kuhn, instead of the more ambitious view of Popper (1979) who sees research as testing theories. Moreover, an argument is presented for respecting but also relating the results from different theoretical paradigms. Finally, theoretical consequences of this standpoint include the adoption of pluralism while remaining alert with respect to maintaining the consistency of the overall definition of literature as a domain of discourse.

scholarly journals ‘Beyond’ Human Enhancement — Taking the Developing Country’s Perspective Seriously

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vorathep Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

AbstractBioethicists and philosophers dominate the on-going debate on human enhancement. They have debated the definition of human enhancement as well as the potential impacts of human enhancement technologies (such as pharmaceutical enhancements or pre-natal selection). These discussions have percolated, through bioethics bodies and bioethics recommendations, policy makers and have eventually been translated into policy. While some suggestions have been based largely in Western liberal democracies, others have deliberated the geopolitical consequences of human enhancement technologies. This paper argues that the present debate currently lacks perspectives from developing countries. It begins by introducing the current debate on human enhancement and recognizes Allen Buchanan’s well-raised concerns on how these technologies may potentially cause new injustices for low- and middle-income countries (‘developing countries’). It then provides two arguments calling for further research into human enhancement from the perspective of developing countries. First, this paper will argue that the current frames with which enhancement technologies are viewed are inherently neoliberal and require change. The second argument shows how the potential impacts of human enhancement technologies in developing countries have not been fully realized by analyzing how human enhancement technologies will impact Thailand, a developing country.

The perspective of knowledge society in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norsiah Abdul Hamid ◽  
Halimah Badioze Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Global Initiatives

The Perspective of Knowledge Society in Malaysia presents the state-of-the-art of the concept of Knowledge Society.In particular, the focus is given to the definition of a Knowledge Society (KS), the KS model and its significant dimensions and indicators in the Malaysian context.The discussions are not only focusing on the Malaysias perspective, but also on the global initiatives to achieve the KS.The importance of knowledge and the rapid advancement of ICT were among the contributing factors towards the agenda.This book is a result of a doctoral research which aimed to develop and validate a model and indicators of a Knowledge Society from the Malaysian perspective. It examined the definition of a Knowledge Society (KS) and validated the KS model and its significant dimensions and indicators in the Malaysian context.To date, there is lack of available definition of KS in Malaysia, as well as in other developing countries; lack of consensus in terms of KS dimensions; lack of KS indicators and the need for a holistic model of KS.Thus, the research involves the analysis of the concept and definition of KS, and the development of a model of KS comprising significant dimensions and indicators in the Malaysian context.A mixed approach methodology known as the Iterative Triangulation method was adopted which involved three phases.Thus, a number of experts were involved and in-depth analyses were conducted to achieve the objectives.This book may be used by policy makers to plan the development of a KS to meet the goals to be a developed nation by the year 2020.

E-Fulfilment and Offshore Centres

2010 ◽  
pp. 275-288
Author(s):  
Simon McCarthy ◽  
Brychan Thomas ◽  
Geoff Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Channel Island ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
Business Practitioners

This chapter introduces the importance of the e-fulfilment industry for offshore centres and in particular the small business and economic policy implications. The extant concepts, research, and experiences the chapter builds on is the literature concerning the e-fulfilment industry. It argues that the key results, evidence, and experience, from the models that have been developed and the specific model formulated for this work, indicate reasons for the development of e-fulfilment in offshore centres with particular reference to the tax advantages provided by the Channel Island of Jersey. The limitations of the results are that they report the early findings of other work and the conceptualisation of the e-fulfilment model in this work and as a result there is a need for empirical evidence. The authors therefore plan to undertake empirical research to support the evidence that has been researched so far. Furthermore, there are important implications of the study for policy makers, small business, practitioners, researchers, and educators for the specific field of e-fulfilment developments in particular and e-commerce in general.

Economic policy uncertainty and demand for international tourism: An empirical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canh Phuc Nguyen ◽  
Christophe Schinckus ◽  
Thanh Dinh Su
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Income Level ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Macroeconomic Uncertainty ◽  
Inferior Good ◽  
Made In

The sensitivity of countries to the global macroeconomic uncertainty is directly related to the income level affecting, therefore, the demand for the outbound international tourism. Precisely, we observe that a higher economic policy uncertainty leads to more departures and more total expenditures but less expenditure per tourist – this finding is the first contribution of this article since it suggests that outbound tourism might be considered as an inferior good. In an uncertain context increasing the probability of decrease in the agents’ wealth, the population travel more but spend less money per trip suggesting that these travels are mainly made in neighbour countries. A higher uncertainty also induces a higher demand for outbound international tourism but less touristic expenditures in low- and lower-middle-income economies. These findings show the multifaceted aspect of tourism since it suggests an emigration effect that we discuss in this article.

KEBIJAKAN POLITIK KERUKUNAN ANTARAGAMA DI INDONESIA ERA REFORMASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Reality

Indonesian reformation era begins with the fall of President Suharto. Political transition and democratic transition impact in the religious life. Therefore, understandably, when the politic transition is not yet fully reflects the idealized conditions. In addition to the old paradigm that is still attached to the brain of policy makers, various policies to mirror the complexity of stuttering ruler to answer the challenges of religious life. This challenge cannot be separated from the hegemonic legacy of the past, including the politicization of SARA. Hegemony that took place during the New Order period, adversely affected the subsequent transition period. It seems among other things, with airings various conflicts nuances SARA previously muted, forced repressive. SARA issues arise as a result of the narrowing of the accommodation space of the nation state during the New Order regime. The New Order regime has reduced the definition of nation-states is only part of a group of people loyal to the government to deny the diversity of socio-cultural reality in it. To handle the inheritance, every regime in the reform era responds with a pattern and a different approach. It must be realized, that the post-reform era, Indonesia has had four changes of government. The leaders of every regime in the reform era have a different background and thus also have a vision that is different in treating the problem of racial intolerance, particularly against religious aspect. This treatment causes the accomplishment difference each different regimes of dealing with the diversity of race, religion and class that has become the hallmark of Indonesian society.

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