scholarly journals Translation of Character Names in Le avventure di Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Brigita Lukančenko ◽  
Rasa Klioštoraitytė
Keyword(s):  
Source Text ◽  
The Third ◽  
Direct Translation ◽  
Characteristic Features

Translating character names in fiction can be difficult, as names can perform different functions: not only naming, but also highlighting characteristic features. Translators of fiction have to make certain decisions how to render names in the Target Text and retain the functions and meanings they serve in the Source Text. The aim of this article is to analyse the translation of character names in C. Collodi’s Le avventure di Pinocchio into Lithuanian, Polish and Russian and to compare the translation startegies chosen by the translators. The results of this analysis show that the most common rendering method in the Lithuanian, Polish and Russian versions was direct translation. Also, it can be concluded that character names were rendered most accurately in their translation into Lithuanian, the second in terms of accuracy of rendering character names is the translation into Russian, and the third – into Polish.

Clinical features and operative technique of transinfundibular craniopharyngioma

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Tang ◽  
ShenHao Xie ◽  
GuanLin Huang ◽  
ZhiGang Wang ◽  
Le Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Operative Technique ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Expanded Endonasal Approach ◽  
Sequencing Studies ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma

OBJECTIVETransinfundibular craniopharyngioma (TC) is one of the 4 subtypes of suprasellar craniopharyngioma. In this study, the authors analyzed the clinical features of and operative technique for TC.METHODSA total of 95 consecutive cases of suprasellar craniopharyngioma that had been resected via the endoscopic expanded endonasal approach were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 34 in the TC group and 61 in the nontransinfundibular craniopharyngioma (NC) group. Clinical and radiographic features, intraoperative findings, histopathological and genetic findings, and surgical outcomes were analyzed and compared between groups.RESULTSCompared with NC, TC was mostly seen in adult patients (97.1%); it was rare in children (2.9%). Clinical presentations tended toward headache, hydrocephalus, and diabetes insipidus. The relatively smaller volume, midline location (consistent with the stalk position), unidentifiable stalk, no shift of the third ventricle, and greater likelihood to involve the third ventricle and cause hydrocephalus were the characteristic features of TC in the preoperative MRI study. According to the degree of vertical extension of the tumor, the 34 TCs could be classified into 3 subtypes: type 1, entity was limited to stalk (n = 2, 5.9%); type 2, tumor extended up to the third ventricle (type 2a) or down to the subdiaphragmatic cavity (type 2b) (n = 23, 67.6%); and type 3, tumor extended in both directions (n = 9, 26.5%). For TC resection, the chiasm–pituitary corridor, lamina terminalis corridor, and pituitary corridor could be used separately or jointly. Most of the TCs originated from the infundibulum–tuber cinereum, grew within and along the long axis of the infundibulum, and the pituitary stalk was not usually preserved in TCs (20.6%), whereas the rate of preservation was higher (80.3%) in NCs. Bilateral hypothalamic injury was found in nearly all TCs if radical resection was performed, whereas the relationship between NCs and hypothalamus was either compression (32.8%) or unilateral invasion (67.2%). Meanwhile, the postoperative endocrine and neuropsychological function outcomes in patients with TC were worse than in patients with NC. The genetic analysis with whole-exome sequencing studies showed no differential mutations of CTNNB1 (β-catenin) and BRAF (V600E) between TC and NC subtypes, but there was a difference between adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and papillary craniopharyngioma.CONCLUSIONSTC is a special subtype of suprasellar craniopharyngioma, which is remarkably different from NC. Identification of this type of tumor preoperatively is essential for the planning of appropriate surgical approach and degree of excision.

scholarly journals A glossary as an explicative translation technique in the translation of the third culture elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Michał Gąska
Keyword(s):  
Literary Translation ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Third Culture ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Utilising notes or glossaries in literary translation has both its opponents and supporters. While the former conceive it as a translator’s helplessness and failure, the latter defend it as a manner of overcoming cultural barriers. The present article aims to scrutinize glossaries used as an explicative translation technique with regard to the rendering of the third culture elements. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the novel by Dutch writer Hella S. Haasse: Sleuteloog, in which the action is set in the Dutch East Indies. For this reason, Indonesian culture occurs as the third culture in the translation process. The source text is juxtaposed with its translations into German and Polish in order to examine the similarities and differences in images of the third culture elements the glossaries evoke in the addressees of the target texts.

The Dialectical Position of the Niya Prakrit

1936 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 419-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burrow
Keyword(s):  
Third Century ◽  
North West ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
North Western

The “North-Western Prakrit” as Konow has called it is represented by the following documents.(1) The two versions of Aśoka's edicts preserved at Mansehra’ and Shahbazgarhi. At this stage many of the characteristic features of the language have not yet developed, e.g. śr > ṣ, śv > śp.(2) The later Kharoṣṭhi inscriptions, mostly short, collected by Konow in the second volume of the Corp. Inscr. Ind.(3) The Kharoṣṭhi manuscript of the Dhammapada discovered near Khotan (Manuscript Dutreuil du Rhins).(4) The Kharoṣṭhi documents from Niya, representing the administrative language of the Shan-Shan kingdom in the third century A.D. In the Journ. As., 1912, pp. 337 ff., J. Bloch examined the dialectical peculiarities of the Manuscript Dutreuil du Rhins and showed that they appeared in modern times in the languages of the North-West.

Latin

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-98
Author(s):  
Coulter H. George
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
De Rerum Natura ◽  
Word Play ◽  
The Third ◽  
Case System ◽  
Characteristic Features

The chapter begins with a discussion of some of the characteristic features of Latin, such as its case system and ablative absolute construction, with examples taken largely from Latin phrases (like vice versa) that have passed directly into English. Three case studies follow: the first looks at the word-play in Lucretius’ De rerum natura made possible through linguistic features particular to Latin, the second at the difficulties involved in translating Horace’s Odes 4.7 through a comparison of the Latin with A. E. Housman’s translation, noting especially the interlaced word order of the original poem, the third at the extreme compression of Latin seen in Tacitus’ Annals.

scholarly journals De l’education des animaux; faisant suite à l'ouvrage publié en 1842, et qui a pour titre essai sur l’education des animaux. Par St. Léonard de Lille, Membre de diverses sociétés scientifiques, et de l’ athénée des arts de Paris, et son employé des finances. Premiére partie de l’institut et de l’intelligence, education et civilisation. Communicated by J. F. Daniell, Esq., For. Sec. R. S

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 511-512
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Premiere Partie

The present paper purports to be the sequel of a work, already published by the author, on the subject of the education of animals. It is the first part only of the paper which is here presented, and contains preliminary observations on the nature of the inquiries which the author proposes to enter into in the subsequent parts. It is divided into three chapters; the first comprising some general remarks on the objects to be attained in the education of animals, and some criticisms on the opinions of preceding writers relating to the subject; the second treating principally of Instinct and its characteristic features, as contrasted with Intelligence and Reason; and the third entering into various metaphysical disquisitions on the nature and peculiar sphere of action of the different intellectual faculties, both those which are common to man and the lower animals, and those which are peculiar to the former.

On the equivalence of translations of Abai’s poetic text

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Klara M. Abisheva ◽  
Ayman B. Nurgazina ◽  
Aigul K. Uisinbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Text Content

We consider the equivalence of source and translation texts. Currently, various ways to achieve the adequacy of texts are being studied, which proves the relevance of this problem. We propose equivalence techniques based on the reproduction of the content side of the text that conveys the author’s meaning. In this case the purpose of the study is to describe the strategies of meaning, the strategies of transformations used by the poet to achieve the adequacy of the source text content. The study applied the methods of comparative and translation analysis. The characteristic features of the translation, the correlation of the concepts “literary text”, “image of the author”, “author’s modality”, “idiostyle of the author” are analyzed in the research. The components of the modeled system and its types are identified and justified. Based on the study, we propose ways to achieve the adequacy of the content side of the text, the equivalence of translations based on the material of Abai’s poetry texts. We substantiate the ways to achieve equivalence of the author’s modality using strategies for transforming formal means of the idiostyle of the source text. We also prove the possibility of using the method of reproducing the source text content through the strategy of meaning and transformation.

Comparative Sales Law

2006 ◽  
pp. 936-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Huber
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sales Contracts ◽  
Uniform Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
International Sales ◽  
Preparatory Work

The story of comparative law in the field of sales contracts is inextricably linked to Ernst Rabel. Rabel not only prepared the basis for any comparative study of the modern law of sales in his epochal treatise Das Recht des Warenkaufs, but also initiated the process of world-wide harmonization of the law of international sales. The close interrelation between comparative law and uniform law is also apparent in the life and the work of Ernst Rabel as his treatise on the law of sales developed from the preparatory work he had done for the UNIDROIT project to create a uniform law for international sales in the 1930s. The second section of this article outlines the most important projects in this area and their interaction with comparative law. The third section discusses selected characteristic features of the law of sales which are interesting from a comparative point of view.

scholarly journals Penerjemahan Novel Dracula Karya Bram Stoker dari Bahasa Inggris ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Kasus Pengalihan Skema Budaya Divergen

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Doni Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Source Text ◽  
The Third ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Cultural Schema ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

<p>Divergent cultural schema (DCS) is a collection of cultural knowledge required to interpret a text, which is assumed to be present in source readers (SR) but absent in target readers (TR). DCS typically takes the form of a highly concise source text without any sufficient information, so the translator applied various strategies. Bram Stoker’s Dracula, consisting of its English source text (ST) and Indonesian target text (TT), was chosen as data source due to its strong Victorian-European setting which contains many potential DCS. Data analysis generated several categories of results. The first is units of analysis (n = 758) which are classified into various schemata (n = 21) and subschemata (n = 84) based on certain similarity in schematic characteristics. The second is various types of ST divergence (n = 13). The third is the reasons for applying domesticating (n = 16) or foreignizing (n = 12) strategies, as well as their weaknesses (n = 20). The fourth is domestication as the dominant translation ideology. The fifth is a number of interesting phenomena (n = 25) related to the transfer of DCS such as ideological level, different levels of divergence among TR, and “foreignization” and “domestication” by ST writer. This research demonstrates the complexity of strategy applications and ideological positions which are dependent on many factors such as narrative context, linguistic constraints, ST divergence, or TR schemata.</p>

scholarly journals The british-american direction in the strategy of the Third International in 1941-1943 (on the materials of the «diary» of Georgi Dimitrov)

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Ihor Rymar
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Third ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Soviet Foreign Policy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Resistance Movement ◽  
National Governments

On the basis of diary entries of the Secretary General of the Third International G. Dimitrov, documents of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, and documents of Soviet foreign policy, the author analyzes the characteristic features of the discursive model of the strategy and tactics of the Third International in 1941-1943, especially its activities in the field of propaganda regarding the Communist Party of the USA and the Communist Party of Great Britain during the first period of the German-Soviet war of 1941-1945 and in the process of the formation of the Anti-Hitler coalition. The role of the CPUSA and CPGB in the process of consolidating democratic forces in the struggle against Germany and its allies, the features of their activities in the framework of the discursive model of the Third International of 1941-1943, are characterized. The place and significance of the CPUSA and CPGB in the context of the Comintern’s strategy of providing comprehensive assistance to the USSR in the war with Germany, the deployment of the partisan movement and the Resistance movement in occupied countries, and the establishment of relations with the governments of F. Roosevelt and W. Churchill for a quick end to the war. In the course of the study, the main areas of activity of the American and British Communist Parties, the preservation of distance in cooperation with national governments and especially the intelligence and counterintelligence bodies of the Allies during 1941-1943, were established. A separate place in G. Dimitrov’s recordings is occupied by the problem of opening a second front in Europe in 1942 and propaganda issues related, first of all, to the signing of the British-Soviet and American-Soviet agreements, the problems of their coverage in newspapers and on the radio.

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