Effect of Breastfeeding on Childhood Asthma and Lung Function in a Developing Tropical Country

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 214A-214A
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar ◽  
Dr Amit Devgan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Tropical Country

scholarly journals Newborn DNA-methylation, childhood lung function, and the risks of asthma and COPD across the life course

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1801795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman T. den Dekker ◽  
Kimberley Burrows ◽  
Janine F. Felix ◽  
Lucas A. Salas ◽  
Ivana Nedeljkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Life Course

RationaleWe aimed to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in cord blood DNA associated with childhood lung function, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across the life course.MethodsWe meta-analysed epigenome-wide data of 1688 children from five cohorts to identify cord blood DMRs and their annotated genes, in relation to forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio and forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC at ages 7–13 years. Identified DMRs were explored for associations with childhood asthma, adult lung function and COPD, gene expression and involvement in biological processes.ResultsWe identified 59 DMRs associated with childhood lung function, of which 18 were associated with childhood asthma and nine with COPD in adulthood. Genes annotated to the top 10 identified DMRs were HOXA5, PAOX, LINC00602, ABCA7, PER3, CLCA1, VENTX, NUDT12, PTPRN2 and TCL1A. Differential gene expression in blood was observed for 32 DMRs in childhood and 18 in adulthood. Genes related with 16 identified DMRs were associated with respiratory developmental or pathogenic pathways.InterpretationOur findings suggest that the epigenetic status of the newborn affects respiratory health and disease across the life course.

Irreversible Lung Function Deficits in Young Adults With a History of Childhood Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. S128.1-S128
Author(s):  
Timothy Andrews ◽  
James R. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

Childhood asthma- pathogenesis and phenotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100731
Author(s):  
Mariëlle W Pijnenburg ◽  
Urs Frey ◽  
Johan C De Jongste ◽  
Sejal Saglani
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotypes ◽  
Early Life Exposures

In the pathogenesis of asthma in children there is a pivotal role for a type 2 inflammatory response to early life exposures or events. Interactions between infections, atopy, genetic susceptibility, and environmental exposures (such as farmyard environment, air pollution, tobacco smoke exposure) influence the development of wheezing illness and the risk for progression to asthma. The immune system, lung function and the microbiome in gut and airways develop in parallel and dysbiosis of the microbiome may be a critical factor in asthma development. Increased infant weight gain and preterm birth are other risk factors for development of asthma and reduced lung function. The complex interplay between these factors explains the heterogeneity of asthma in children. Subgroups of patients can be identified as phenotypes based on clinical parameters, or endotypes, based on a specific pathophysiological mechanism. Paediatric asthma phenotypes and endotypes may ultimately help to improve diagnosis of asthma, prediction of asthma development and treatment of individual children, based on clinical, temporal, developmental or inflammatory characteristics. Unbiased, data-driven clustering, using a multidimensional or systems biology approach may be needed to better define phenotypes. The present knowledge on inflammatory phenotypes of childhood asthma has now been successfully applied in the treatment with biologicals of children with severe therapy resistant asthma, and it is to be expected that more personalized treatment options may become available.

Role of Breathing Exercises and Yoga/Pranayama in Childhood Asthma: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Ranjan Das ◽  
Jhuma Sankar ◽  
Sushil Kumar Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Background: arious complementary or alternative medicines (including breathing exercises and yoga/pranayama) have been tried as an attractive option to pharmacotherapy in childhood asthma. Objective: To evaluate the role of breathing exercise and yoga/pranayama as add on therapy to the “pharmacologically recommended treatment” of childhood asthma. Methods: We searched the published literature in the major databases: Medline via Ovid, PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, and Google Scholar till June 2018. Randomized trials comparing breathing exercises and yoga/ pranayama versus control or as part of a composite intervention versus control were included. The primary outcome measures were quality of life and change in asthma symptoms. Secondary outcomes were: decrease in medication use, number of exacerbations, change in lung function and immunological parameters, school absenteeism and adverse events. Results: A total of 10 trials (466 children, 6-14 years age) were included. The severity of asthma varied among the trials. The data for primary outcome measures could not be pooled, there were mixed results for both primary and secondary outcomes. No significant benefit was obtained in acute asthma and the lung function tests [except PEFR % at 4-6 weeks, PEF absolute at 3 months, and FVC absolute at 3 months] in chronic asthma. One trial compared breathing exercise versus yoga and found no difference. Adverse events were not significant. Conclusion: Breathing exercise and yoga/ pranayama may have some additive role in the treatment of childhood asthma. However, at present, it cannot be recommended as a standard of care due to insufficient data.

Irreversible lung function deficits in young adults with a history of childhood asthma

2005 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 1213-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
S LIMB ◽  
K BROWN ◽  
R WOOD ◽  
R WISE ◽  
P EGGLESTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Strengths, Pitfalls, and Lessons from Longitudinal Childhood Asthma Cohorts of Children Followed Up into Adult Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew Tai
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Insight Into

Asthma is a common problem worldwide and longitudinal studies of children followed up into adult life enable the assessment of clinical outcomes, examine the pattern of lung function outcomes, and importantly provide insight into aetiology and prognosis for patients with asthma. The aim of this review is to examine the major childhood asthma cohort studies which have continued into adult life, describing the strengths and weaknesses and the lessons that can be learnt regarding pathophysiology and potential future directions for research.

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