scholarly journals Age discrimination at work and some reflections from job ads: The case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Fuat Man
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Discrimination Rate ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Job Ads

Purpose – to analyze the situation of age discrimination at work and to give some reflections from job ads in the case of Turkey. Design/Method/Approach of the research. This study presents a limited depiction of age discrimination occurring in Turkey by analyzing job ads. Findings. One of the most critical demographic issues for the entire world, especially for the advanced world, is aging. It is essential as it necessitates some critical regulations that have economic and social consequences. During this aging trend, job seekers over a certain age in labor markets face age discrimination. Although many countries, both developed and developing, have some legal regulations against age discrimination, it remains a crucial form of discrimination. Where we can easily see this kind of discrimination is job ads. This study examined more than fifteen hundred job ads posted by İŞKUR, state-affiliated Employment Agency of Turkey, for the cities of Marmara Region of Turkey were examined. Nearly 20% of all job ads is indicating some statement for age limit. Research limitations/Future Research. Although just the age value indicated by employers in the ads itself does not mean an absolute age discrimination rate, 20 % is a vital implication for that kind of discrimination, and also, this figure implies the need for detailed further studies. Paper type – empirical.

Immigrant stereotypes and differential screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-938
Author(s):  
Jason R. Lambert ◽  
Ekundayo Y. Akinlade
Keyword(s):  
Differential Screening ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hiring Managers ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Correspondence Study ◽  
Job Ads ◽  
E Mail

Purpose There has been an increasing number of allegations of discrimination toward US employees and anecdotal indications of immigrant employee exploitation in the information technology sector. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if applicants’ work visa status causes native-born applicants to be treated differentially (less favorably) than foreign-born applicants. Design/methodology/approach A correspondence study design is used to observe differential screening processes by measuring the frequency of favorable job application responses received by foreign-born applicants compared to equally skilled native-born applicants. Findings Results from the study suggest that fictitious Asian foreign-born applicants who demonstrate the need for H-1B work visa sponsorship for employment receive significantly more favorable e-mail responses to job ads than US native-born applicants. Moreover, white native-born applicants are approximately 23 percent less likely than Asian foreign-born applicants to receive a request for an interview. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen method, the research results may lack generalizability. The hypotheses should be tested further by targeting more geographical locations, a variety of industries and using qualitative methods in future research. Practical implications The paper includes implications for hiring managers who wish to reduce their liability for employment discrimination and foreign-born job seekers wishing to manage their expectations of the recruitment process. Originality/value This paper fulfills an identified need to empirically study how the work visa status of job seekers affects early recruitment as increasingly more anecdotal evidence of immigrant exploitation and discrimination in the technology sector is reported.

The Social Consequences of Phubbing

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariek Vanden Abeele
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expectancy Violations ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
The Social

Recent empirical work suggests that phubbing, a term used to describe the practice of snubbing someone with a phone during a face-to-face social interaction, harms the quality of social relationships. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this chapter presents a framework that integrates three concurrent mechanisms that explain the relational impact of phubbing: expectancy violations, ostracism, and attentional conflict. Based on this framework, theoretically grounded propositions are formulated that may serve as guidelines for future research on these mechanisms, the conditions under which they operate, and a number of potential issues that need to be considered to further validate and extend the framework.

scholarly journals Unequal impact of the COVID-19 crisis on minority ethnic groups: a framework for understanding and addressing inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216061
Author(s):  
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi ◽  
Sham Lal ◽  
Enitan D Carrol ◽  
Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽  
Kamlesh Khunti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Minority ethnic groups have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. While the exact reasons for this remain unclear, they are likely due to a complex interplay of factors rather than a single cause. Reducing these inequalities requires a greater understanding of the causes. Research to date, however, has been hampered by a lack of theoretical understanding of the meaning of ‘ethnicity’ (or race) and the potential pathways leading to inequalities. In particular, quantitative analyses have often adjusted away the pathways through which inequalities actually arise (ie, mediators for the effect of interest), leading to the effects of social processes, and particularly structural racism, becoming hidden. In this paper, we describe a framework for understanding the pathways that have generated ethnic (and racial) inequalities in COVID-19. We suggest that differences in health outcomes due to the pandemic could arise through six pathways: (1) differential exposure to the virus; (2) differential vulnerability to infection/disease; (3) differential health consequences of the disease; (4) differential social consequences of the disease; (5) differential effectiveness of pandemic control measures and (6) differential adverse consequences of control measures. Current research provides only a partial understanding of some of these pathways. Future research and action will require a clearer understanding of the multiple dimensions of ethnicity and an appreciation of the complex interplay of social and biological pathways through which ethnic inequalities arise. Our framework highlights the gaps in the current evidence and pathways that need further investigation in research that aims to address these inequalities.

scholarly journals Cyclicality of labour market search: a new big data approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hutter
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Search Intensity ◽  
Market Search ◽  
Employment Agencies

AbstractThis paper exploits big data on online activity from the job exchange of the German Federal Employment Agency and its internal placement-software to generate measures for search activity of employers and job seekers and—as a novel feature—for placement activity of employment agencies. In addition, the average search perimeter in the job seekers’ search profiles can be measured. The data are used to estimate the behaviour of the search and placement activities during the business and labour market cycle and their seasonal patterns. The results show that the search activities of firms and employment agencies are procyclical. By contrast, job seekers’ search intensity shows a countercyclical pattern, at least before the COVID-19 crisis.

Computational Design for Digitally Fabricated 3D Inductive Power Transfer Coils

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Jun Xu ◽  
Eugeni L. Doubrovski ◽  
Jo Geraedts ◽  
Yu Song
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Receiver Coil ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Coil Design ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Inductive Power Transfer ◽  
Transmitter Coil ◽  
Inductive Power

Abstract The geometric shapes and the relative position of coils influence the performance of a three-dimensional (3D) inductive power transfer system. In this paper, we propose a coil design method for specifying the positions and the shapes of a pair of coils to transmit the desired power in 3D. Given region of interests (ROIs) for designing the transmitter and the receiver coils on two surfaces, the transmitter coil is generated around the center of its ROI first. The center of the receiver coil is estimated as a random seed position in the corresponding 3D surface. At this position, we use the heatmap method with electromagnetic constraints to iteratively extend the coil until the desired power can be transferred via the set of coils. In each step, the shape of the extension, i.e. a new turn of the receiver coil, is found as a spiral curve based on the convex hulls of adjacent turns in the 2D projection plane along their normal direction. Then, the optimal position of the receiver coil is found by maximizing the efficiency of the system. In the next step, the position and the shape of the transmitter coil are optimized based on the fixed receiver coil using the same method. This zig-zag optimization process iterates until an optimum is reached. Simulations and experiments with digitally fabricated prototypes were conducted and the effectiveness of the proposed 3D coil design method was verified. Possible future research directions are highlighted well.

Networking as a Job-Search Behavior and Career Management Strategy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Forret
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Career Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
New Jobs

Networking is often cited as a key to job-search success; however, relatively little scholarly research on networking as a job-search behavior exists. The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature on networking and its relevance for job-search success and career management more broadly. The use of networking for both obtaining new jobs at different employers as well as advancing upward in one’s current organization is considered. This chapter describes the importance of networking for developing career competencies, how networking can enhance a job seeker’s social network, and barriers faced by women and minorities in building their social networks. The multiple ways in which networking has been measured are described, along with the antecedents and outcomes of networking behavior pertinent to job seekers. This chapter discusses the implications of networking as a job-search behavior for job seekers, career counselors, and organizations and concludes with future research suggestions for scholars.

scholarly journals Assessment of the development state of organizational and cultural resources of international tourism business

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna O. Kalnіtska
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Design Method ◽  
The State ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Purpose – to investigate the state of development of organizational culture of legal entities engaged in tourism business in order to further improve the mechanism of development of organizational and cultural resources involved in the international tourism business. Design/Method/Approach. The method of analysis has been applied when investigating the state of market development of tourism business; the questionnaire method ‒ when assessing the state of development of organizational culture of the tourism business in Dnipropetrovsk oblast; the method of logical generalization ‒ to draw conclusions based on the results of the survey. Findings. Author has analyzed current market of tourist services and revealed main trends in development. The trend of further development of the sector has been illustrated; active growth in the number of accommodation facilities has been identified, specifically hotel chains. The rating of hotel brands has been compiled, which compares national and international hotel brands in terms of the number of accommodation facilities available in the tourist market. The author has given the authentic definition of organizational and cultural resources in the business of international tourism. Competitiveness factors for the entities of tourism business have been determined, which include organizational culture among the organizational and cultural resources. An express-algorithm has been presented in order to evaluate the state of development of the organizational culture of a tourism business entity. The results of the study graphically illustrate the assessment of the state of development of the organizational culture by the tourism business entities in Dnipropetrovsk oblast. Practical implications. The research results will be applied in the further formation of the mechanism of development of organizational and cultural resources in tourism business. The proposed express-algorithm and the questionnaire could be used in order to estimate the state of development of organizational culture by enterprises in different businesses. Originality/Value. The scientific-theoretical provisions for the formation of tourism business in Ukraine have been further developed through the assessment of state of development of organizational culture, which, in contrast to existing ones, are based on the results of surveying the entities of tourism infrastructure, which makes it possible to identify the main components in the system of competitiveness management by assessing key performance indicators in the management system related to the development of organizational and cultural resources. Research limitations/Future research. The research results could create a basis of the mechanism for developing the organizational and cultural resources in international tourism business. Paper type – empirical.

scholarly journals Strategic company management in the digital business environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Mykola Gennadiyovych Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – to analyze strategic company management in the digital business environment. Design/Method/Approach. General scientific methods are applied: systematization, comparison, generalization, analysis, and synthesis. Findings. The essence of strategic management and its significance to a company has been analyzed. The relationship between strategic company management and digital business environment has been elucidated. Basic trends for doing business in the digital environment have been defined. Theoretical implications. Theoretical significance of the research is in the advancement of opinion on the strategic company management in digital business environment. Practical implications. The practical value of the research is in the possibility of applying the results obtained by both international and domestic companies for strategic management in the digital business environment that emerged as a result of the Fourth industrial revolution. Originality/Value. The main trends of modern business in the digital environment have been identified. The choice of strategies of multinational companies has been identified, as well as the areas of their application in digital business environment. Research limitations/Future research. The prospects for further research are to study the strategic management of international companies and analyze the impact of digital business environment on their development. Paper type – theoretical.

scholarly journals The development of a questionnaire to measure business process maturity

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Aberle ◽  
Jan Henkel
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Process Maturity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Business Process Maturity ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Weak Result ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose: the creation of a questionnaire for business process maturity measurement. Design/Method/Approach. The authors developed a set of items and applied confirmatory factor analysis in order to demonstrate questionnaire validation and reliability. Findings. The model supports prior research to the extent that business process maturity can be explained by strategic alignment, governance and culture. Surprisingly, methodology showed weak result and IT & Technology as well as people did not seem to be part of the model. Theoretical implications. This research not only confirmed prior research but also showed that there is wiggle room regarding the underlying factors of business process maturity and how to apply them. Practical implications. This research provides a questionnaire for practitioners to assess business process maturity. Originality/Value. The authors created a questionnaire that can be used in practice and is based on factors backed up by academic research and findings. Research limitations/Future research. The authors suggests applying the questionnaire to a larger sample size as well as expanding the statistical methods used.   Paper type – empirical.

scholarly journals Identification of the theoretical aspects of enterprise reputation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Inna Mykolayivna Riepina ◽  
Vita Petrivna Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Reputation Management ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Image Monitoring

Purpose – to identify the theoretical aspects of enterprise reputation. Design/Method/Research approach. Authors applied a structural-functional method in the course of systemic investigation and substantiation of the methodological toolset of enterprise reputation assessment and the method of logical generalization when analyzing the evolution of scientific views on the nature of the notion "reputation". The information base of this research is the monographic works and scientific publications on relevant subjects. Findings.  Authors have substantiated the theoretical aspects of enterprise reputation, according to which the reputation of an enterprise is formed under the influence of both intangible and tangible factors. Approaches to defining reputation of an enterprise were systemized, with their new classification proposed, which distinguishes the immanent-functional, value, emotional (image), monitoring, market, and integrated approaches. Current methodological toolset of enterprise reputation assessment has been analyzed, and the scope of its application has been determined, as well as the main advantages and disadvantages. An algorithm for evaluating an enterprise reputation has been developed, in accordance with the proposed theoretical approach, a market share, and the totality of consumers values. Practical implications.  Results of this study could form the basis for forming a policy of an enterprise concerning the activation of reputation management processes with the purpose of strategic development of the enterprise and in order  to faster meet the expectations of its stakeholders, which would provide a synergistic effect. Originality/Value.Authors proposed to define the essence of the notion of an enterprise "reputation", which, in contrast to existing interpretations, focuses on the cognitive-contemplative characteristic of an enterprise, which is formed based on the results of comparing the totality of tangible, intangible, personal, and social values, inherent to its external and internal stakeholders; changing them in time and space indirectly affects positioning of the enterprise in the market as a result of change in the way its stakeholders perceive it. Research limitations/Future research. Results of this study should be laid at the basis of the implementation of the proposed algorithm for assessing reputation in the process of enterprise management. Paper type ‒ theoretical.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document