scholarly journals Bacteria variety causing clinical mastitis in Holstein-Friesian cows in Pelagonia region, North Macedonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
S. Stojanovski ◽  
G. Cilev ◽  
B. Trajanoska
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract. The main aim of this study are the bacteria that most often cause clinical mastitis (CM) and their impact on milk reduction in Holstein-Friesian cows in the Pelagonia – North Macedonia region. 36 milk samples were taken from Holstein-Friesian breed of cows with confirmed clinical mastitis by a veterinarian. The samples were taken for the period from January 2019 to December 2020 from 20 different smallholder farms situated in the monitored region. Two sterile tubes with 10 ml of milk in each of them were taken from the affected part of the udder of the cow. A total of 86 tubes with milk from 36 mastitis cows were taken. From each sample 300 µl drips were placed in petri dishes with different selective nutrient media: Mannitol Salt Agar, MacConkey Agar, Endo Agar and Edwards nutrient medium. The petri dishes were incubated at 35±2°C for 24-48 hours in Mannitol Salt Agar, at 30-35°C for 18 to 72 hours in MacConkey Agar, at 35±2°C for 18 to 24 hours in Endo Agar and at 35-37°C for 24-48 hours in Edwards nutrient medium. Morphology of colonies and cells were examined with a microscope. A total of 119 strains were obtained and the following physiological and biochemical studies were performed to determine the new isolates: oxidase reaction, catalysis activity, indol test, hydrolysis of the hyporate, acetoin formation (acetylmethylcarbinol, Voges-Proscauer reaction) and Methyl-Roth test (MR- test). The results obtained revealed that the most common bacterial species causing clinical mastitis in Holstein-Friesian cows in 2019 and 2020 were six species of bacteria, where E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. are dominant.

scholarly journals Detection of bacterial species from clinical mastitis in dairy cows at Nilphamari district and their antibiogram studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Titon Mia ◽  
Md Khaled Hossain ◽  
Nazmi Ara Rumi ◽  
Md Shajedur Rahman ◽  
Md Shahin Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The present study was conducted on the rural dairy cows to detect the bacterial species from clinical mastitis in dairy cows with their antibiogram studies during the period from January 2015 to June 2015. For this purpose two upazilla were selected under the Nilphamari district. On the basis of morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical characteristics, the isolated organisms were classified as, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, and Bacillus spp. .For this study, a total of 48 samples were collected from affected mastitis cows. Out of 48 milk samples, 17 were positive for Staphylococcus spp. (35.42%), 9 were positive for Streptococcus spp. (18.75%), 7 were positive for E. coli (14.58%), 5 were positive for Bacillus spp.(10.41%),5 were positive for mixed organisms (10.41%) and 5 were unidentified organisms (10.41%). Antibiogram studies revealed that all of the isolates of Staphylococcus spp. were sensitive to gentamicin and were resistant to streptomycin. Gentamicin was sensitive to all of the isolates of Streptococcus spp. and was resistant to streptomycin. The isolates of Bacillus spp. were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and Bacillus spp. was resistant to streptomycin. All of the isolates of E. coli were sensitive to ciprofloxacin the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin. Over all sensitivity revealed that ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and enrofloxacin were most efficacious. Thus, it may be recommended that ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and enrofloxacin in optimum doses would resolve most cases of clinical mastitis in dairy cows.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 656-663

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Agents Causing Clinical Mastitis in Cattle in Mymensingh and Their Antibiogram Profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Md Tanvir Rahman ◽  
Md Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The World ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Microbial Etiology ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Mastitis is a serious problem for the dairy cattle in many countries of the world including Bangladesh. Among the microbial etiology bacteria plays a major role in the onset of the clinical form of the disease. Many of these bacteria are resistant to one or more antibiotics thus make the mastitis cases difficult to cure. In the present study Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli were identified as the dominant bacterial species causing clinical mastitis in cattle in Mymensingh. Antibiogram study revealed chloramphenicol and erythromycin as the most effective antibiotic for the treatment of mastitis in these animals except those caused by Bacillus spp. and E. coli, respectively. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 19-21DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17258

scholarly journals Characterization of Escherichia coli Strains Derived from Cow Milk of Subclinical and Clinical Cases of Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda ◽  
Krzysztof Skowron ◽  
Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska ◽  
Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke ◽  
Jarosław Bystroń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bonferroni Test

Mastitis is a major economic problem in dairy herds, as it might decrease fertility, and negatively affect milk quality and milk yield. Out of over 150 bacterial species responsible for the udder inflammation, Escherichia coli is one of the most notable. This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance to dipping agents and biofilm formation of 150 E. coli strains isolated from milk of cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. The strains came from three dairy herds located in Northern and Central Poland. The statistical analyses were performed with post-hoc Bonferroni test and chi-square test (including Yates correction). The data with a p value of <0.05 were considered significant. We found that the tested strains were mostly sensitive to antimicrobials and dipping agents. It was shown that 37.33% and 4.67% of strains were resistant and moderately resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, respectively. No extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing E. coli were detected. The majority of strains did not possess the ability to form biofilm or formed a weak biofilm. The strong biofilm formers were found only among strains derived from cows with subclinical mastitis. The lowest bacteria number was noted for subclinical mastitis cows’ strains, after stabilization with iodine (3.77 log CFU × cm−2) and chlorhexidine (3.96 log CFU × cm−2) treatment. In the present study, no statistically significant differences in susceptibility to antibiotics and the ability to form biofilm were found among the strains isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. Despite this, infections in dairy herds should be monitored. Limiting the spread of bacteria and characterizing the most common etiological factors would allow proper treatment.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacteria residing in the oral, gut, and fecal samples of different pheasant species

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mushtaq ◽  
S. M. Bukhari ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
A. Khattak ◽  
M. B. Chattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Phasianus Colchicus ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Abstract There is a paucity of research conducted on microbial prevalence in pheasants. The microbiota of captive birds has zoonotic significance and must be characterize. Present study is therefore planned to assess the microbiota from oral, fecal and gut content of captive avian species. It will be helpful in characterization of harmful microbes. Different samples taken from oral, gut and feces of ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), green pheasants (Phasianus versicolor), golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) and silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera). Samples were collected, diluted, and inoculated onto different agar plates (MacConkey, SS agar, MSA and nutrient agar) for cultivation of bacterial species. Colonies of E.coli, Staphylococcus spp. Brachyspira spp. and Campylobacter spp were observed based on colony morphology. Colony forming unit showed E. coli as frequently found bacteria in fecal, oral and gut contents of all the above pheasants. The overall significance difference was found among bacterial species of golden pheasants, green pheasant, ring-necked pheasant, and silver pheasants. It was concluded that E.coli is predominant isolated from heathy pheasants followed by Campylobacter, Staphylococcus and Brachyspira.

scholarly journals L-selectin gene polymorphism and its association with clinical mastitis, somatic cell score, and milk production in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dusza ◽  
J. Pokorska ◽  
J. Makulska ◽  
D. Kulaj ◽  
M. Cupial
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease of the mammary gland, highly contributing to the increase in veterinary costs in dairy industry. In the present study, the genetic polymorphism within bovine L-selectin gene was analysed and its impact on clinical mastitis occurrence, somatic cell score (SCS), and milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows was examined. Polymorphism within L-selectin gene, molecule responsible for neutrophil attachment to endothelium, might have a potential role in immune response to bacterial infections and udder health. Two hundred and six Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms mutations within the coding sequence of L-selectin gene were identified (c.165G&gt;A and c.567C&gt;T). The effect of c.165G&gt;A and c.567C&gt;T mutations on SCS was highly significant (P = 0.0019 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Strong associations (P ≤ 0.0001) were also observed between L-selectin polymorphism and milk production traits (milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage). However, the polymorphism in the analysed gene had no influence on the resistance or susceptibility of cows to clinical mastitis (only the tendency toward significance, P = 0.06 for c.567C&gt;T mutation was found). Potential exploitation of the information on the identified associations in genetic selection needs to confirm the obtained results in further investigations.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine mastitis pathogens and antibioresistance of Escherichia coli isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
A. ZDRAGAS (Α. ΖΔΡΑΓΚΑΣ) ◽  
P. TSAKOS (Π. ΤΣΑΚΟΣ) ◽  
K. ANATOLIOTIS (Κ. ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΩΤΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Nine hundred and fifty two milk samples from clinical bovine mastitis cases, originated from 269 farms in Northern Greece, were tested. Escherichia coli was isolated in 49.3% of samples. Furthermore, Staphylococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp or a combination of the above bacteria were isolated. The bacteriological result from 4.3% of samples was negative. No correlation between clinical mastitis cases and seasonal variation was observed. Resistance of E. coli isolates to tetracycline was 82-96%, to enrofloxacin 10-30%, to gentamicin 58-80%, to cephalosporins 47-75%, to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprime 46-81%, to ampicillin 71-92% and to neomycin 83-97%. The highest resistance rate and the appearance of multi-resistant isolates of E. coli (6%), to 8 antibacterials, were recorded during the last year of the survey.

scholarly journals Effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the farm economic efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
K. Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract. A study was conducted on the effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the economic performance of dairy farms with different capacity. The study included three high-capacity farms in Bulgaria. The cows in all three farms are free-stall reared (freely in groups) and fed total mixed rations (TMR), in accordance with the animals’ milk yields, with milking performed at a milking parlor. In each farm, the cows were separated into two groups – ones affected by clinical mastitis and healthy cows throughout the entire 305-day lactation period. The results from the study indicated that dairy capacity was high for both groups, with 7567.5 kg for the healthy cows during the 305-day period, and 7429.7 kg for the afflicted ones. The fat content of milk from healthy cows was 3.5% with 3.24% milk protein, with the values being 3.43% and 3.18%, respectively, for the afflicted cows. The cows with mastitis in the three studied farms exhibited lowered economic results. Profit from the healthy cows was higher, by 8.4% in the third farm up to 21.2% for the second farm, compared to the results for the affected cows. Cost-efficiency is also higher for the healthy cows, and the production cost of 1 kg of milk was lower, which was due to the higher marketing of milk for processing and the better purchase price. Apart from the worse economic performance of the cows affected by clinical mastitis, their productive longevity and total lifetime utilization registered at the time of culling was reduced from 8.2% for the second up to 12.6% for the first farm.

scholarly journals STUDY ON BOVINE SUB-CLINICAL MASTITIS ON FARM CONDITION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ANTIBIOGRAM OF THE CAUSATIVE BACTERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Hasan ◽  
M. R. Islam ◽  
N. S. Runa ◽  
M, N. Hasan ◽  
A. H. M. M. Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The study was conducted to find out the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) and antibiogram of the causative bacteria in dairy cows at the Sylhet govt. Dairy Farm (SGDF) and Local Farms of Sylhet (LFS) during the period of July2014 to June2015. These farms were selected to assess the predominant types of bacteria involved in causing sub-clinical mastitis and to know the in vitro antibiotic sensitivity spectrum of these bacterial isolates against the commonly used antibiotics and to study the economic effects due to SCM. Use of California Mastitis Test (CMT) for the detection of sub-clinical mastitis showed 42out of 100 samples were test positive, among which +(Trace) 22.0%, ++(Distinct) 12.0%, +++(Strong) 3.0%, ±(Doubtful) 5.0%.  Bacteriological examination of milk samples of 100 milch cows (400 quarters) revealed that 42 cows (42.0%) had suffering from SCM with different bacterial infection with 95% confidence limit was 32.1574-51.8426. Among 42 positive samples31 (31.0%) cows had mono-bacterial infection and 11 (11.0%) cows had mixed bacterial infections. Statistical analysis of the result of single and mixed bacterial infections in the milk of apparently healthy milch cows revealed that the single infection was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than mixed bacterial infection. Of the 31 mono-bacterial isolates, of which 23 (23.0%) isolates were Staphylococci, 3 (3.0%) isolates were Escherichia coli, 5 (5.0%) isolated Streptococcus spp. The 11 cows had mixed infection, of which 5 had Staphylococcus spp. + Streptococcus spp., 3 had E. coli + Staphylococcus spp., and 3 had Streptococcus spp. + E. coli. Of 42 positive cases of SCM Staphylococcus spp. isolated from 23 samples. Among these 23 positive samples 13 obtained from SGDF (37.14%) and 10 obtained from LFS (15.38%). Escherichia coli isolated from 3 samples. Among these 3 positive samples 3 obtained from LFS (4.62%). Streptococcus spp. isolated from 5 samples. Among these 5 positive samples 1 obtained from SGDF (2.86%) and 4 obtained from LFS (6.15%). Ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were the best drug for treating sub-clinical mastitis.

scholarly journals Evaluating the risk of bacterial infections associated with the most handled Iraqi notes in Kalar

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Mohammad Tawfeeq ◽  
Mohammed Hassan Fatah ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Tofiq
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
Currency Note ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Every day new sources of microbial and especially bacterial infections are reported, which are not taken into account, the fact that these sources have been implicated in the outbreaks of these infections. The goals of the current research focused on the exploration of the scope of microbial pollution of the widely traded paper currency notes of the Iraqi currencies (250, 1000 and 5000 Iraqi Dinars) in Kalar city. 300 banknotes (100 samples for each of the denominations under investigation) in circulation were gathered from different categories of Kalar population and one fresh sample for each of the three currencies (control negative). Each bill was rinsed in 5 ml D.W then cultured on Nutrient agar, Mannitol Salt agar and MacConkey agar, respectively, then incubated at 37 ºC for up to 48 hours. Results revealed the rate of microbial contamination, specifically bacterial ones as 94%, 68%, and 60%, respectively on the denominations of 250, 1000, and 5000 of Iraqi Dinars. In a descending order, and with regard to the prevalence rate, bacterial species contaminated 250, 1000 and 5000 Iraqi denominations respectively were as follows: 55.31%, 32.35% and 36.66% for Bacillus sp.; 14.89%, 38.23% and 20% for coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; 8.51%, 8.82% and 20% for E. coli; 2.12%, 11.76 and 20% for Pseudomonas sp.; 2.12% for each of Klebsiella sp., and Salmonella sp.; 10.63% and 4.25% for Enterobacter sp. and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and only on 250 denomination;  2.94% and 5.88% for each of Corynebacterium sp. and Serratia sp. only on 1000 currency note; lastly, 3.33% for Proteus sp. on 5000 IQD only. These outcomes suggest that bacterial contamination of Iraqi Dinars, specifically the 250 denomination is risky and could be regarded as the real source of infectious diseases with the most dangerous pathogenic bacteria.  

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