Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of Avian orthoavulavirus 1 sub-genotypes VII.2 and XXI.1.2 from caged birds in the Lahore district, Pakistan – Short communication

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Genotype Vii

Abstract In this study, the prevalence of Avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1) (also commonly known as Newcastle disease virus) was investigated in caged birds kept in bird markets in the Lahore district of Pakistan. A total of 354 swab samples were obtained from 14 different species of clinically healthy birds. The overall virus prevalence was 12.7% in 9 out of the 14 species. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete fusion protein (F) gene showed that 23 isolates from different avian species belonged to sub-genotype VII.2 while three isolates of pigeon origin clustered with sub-genotype XXI.1.2. The VII.2 viruses isolated had a high nucleotide identity to viruses repeatedly isolated from poultry in Pakistan from 2011 to 2018. To date, sub-genotype XXI.1.2 viruses have only been identified in Pakistan. These findings suggest that the Newcastle disease (ND) outbreaks occurring in Pakistan involve multiple hosts and environments. The study emphasises the importance of continuing to monitor multiple avian species for the presence of AOAV-1s and implementing effective ND control strategies.

scholarly journals Molecular and pathological characterisation of genotype VII Newcastle disease virus on Egyptian chicken farms during 2016–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Mousa ◽  
Faten F. Mohammed ◽  
Ayman H. El-deeb ◽  
Hanan Saad Khalefa ◽  
Kawkab A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Viral Antigen ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Necrotising Pancreatitis ◽  
Lymphoid Depletion ◽  
Syncytia Formation ◽  
Genotype Vii

AbstractNewcastle disease virus (NDV) remains a constant threat to the poultry industry even with intensive vaccination programmes. In the present study, 40 samples were collected from farms showing high mortalities in some Egyptian governorates between 2016 and 2018. Tracheal samples were collected for virus isolation and confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Molecular characterisation was performed by sequencing, followed by phylogenetic analysis of the novel sequences. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on different organs from NDV-infected broilers. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NDV isolates from different areas of Egypt were genetically closely related and all belonged to genotype VII. The histopathological hallmarks included haemorrhagic tracheitis, interstitial pneumonia with syncytia formation, haemorrhagic proventriculitis, necrotising pancreatitis, pan-lymphoid depletion, non-suppurative encephalitis and nephritis. Immunological detection of NDV antigen clarified the widespread presence of viral antigen in different organs with severe lesions. The present study confirmed that a virulent NDV of genotype VII became the predominant strain, causing severe outbreaks in poultry farms in Egypt. The presence of viral antigen in different organs indicates the pantropic nature of the virus. Immunohistochemistry was a very useful diagnostic tool for the detection of NDV antigen.

SEQUENCE AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS GENOTYPE VII ISOLATED IN MALAYSIA DURING 1999-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsiah Aini Shohaimi ◽  
Raha Ahmad Raus ◽  
Ong Geok Huai ◽  
Basirah Mohamed Asmayatim ◽  
Nursyuwari Nayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Genotype Vii

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a contagious viral disease of many avian species particularly domestic poultry, and is responsible for causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry in Southeast Asia including Malaysia. Here we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of NDV that has been circulating in Malaysia. A total of 151 NDV isolates were selected during 1999-2012 throughout Malaysia and were characterized phylogenetically. The partial region of matrix (M) and fusion (F) protein of NDV was amplified by reverse transcriptase PCR, directly sequenced and compared genetically to the published sequences obtained from GenBank. The deduced amino acid sequence of the F protein cleavage site revealed the presence of three different motifs; 112RRRKRF117, 112RRQKRF117 typical for velogenic strains while 112GKQGRL117 indicates it is from avirulent strain or lentogenic strain. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that 13 isolates belonged to genotype I, 2 to genotype III, 6 to genotype VI, 1 to genotype VIII and 129 to genotype VII. Isolates belonging to genotype VII were further divided into five subgenotypes; VIIa, VIIb, VIId, VIIe and VIIh. Based on the phylogenetic tree and geographical data, it is found that NDV genotype VIIb and VIIe were isolated in 1999 while in year 2000 to 2009, most of the NDV isolates were NDV genotype VIId originated from China. No subgenotype VIId viruses were recovered after 2009 in Malaysia. In 2010-2012, NDV outbreaks were caused by subgenotypes VIIa and VIIh in Peninsular Malaysia. Interestingly, these subgenotypes have been isolated in East Malaysia since 2002 but did not cause major outbreak.  These information points to the existence of multiple genotypes of NDV in Malaysia especially genotype VII and these findings emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance of NDV in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Genotype VI Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Pigeons in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wajid ◽  
Shafqat Fatima Rehmani ◽  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Iryna V. Goraichuk ◽  
Kiril M. Dimitrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Complete Genomes

Two complete genome sequences of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are described here. Virulent isolates pigeon/Pakistan/Lahore/21A/2015 and pigeon/Pakistan/Lahore/25A/2015 were obtained from racing pigeons sampled in the Pakistani province of Punjab during 2015. Phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein genes and complete genomes classified the isolates as members of NDV class II, genotype VI.

scholarly journals Genotype Diversity of Newcastle Disease Virus in Nigeria: Disease Control Challenges and Future Outlook

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bashir Bello ◽  
Khatijah Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Aini Ideris ◽  
Mohd Hair-Bejo ◽  
Ben P. H. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Genotype Assignment ◽  
Phylogenetic Taxonomy

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important avian diseases with considerable threat to the productivity of poultry all over the world. The disease is associated with severe respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological lesions in chicken leading to high mortality and several other production related losses. The aetiology of the disease is an avian paramyxovirus type-1 or Newcastle disease virus (NDV), whose isolates are serologically grouped into a single serotype but genetically classified into a total of 19 genotypes, owing to the continuous emergence and evolution of the virus. In Nigeria, molecular characterization of NDV is generally very scanty and majorly focuses on the amplification of the partial F gene for genotype assignment. However, with the introduction of the most objective NDV genotyping criteria which utilize complete fusion protein coding sequences in phylogenetic taxonomy, the enormous genetic diversity of the virus in Nigeria became very conspicuous. In this review, we examine the current ecological distribution of various NDV genotypes in Nigeria based on the available complete fusion protein nucleotide sequences (1662 bp) in the NCBI database. We then discuss the challenges of ND control as a result of the wide genetic distance between the currently circulating NDV isolates and the commonest vaccines used to combat the disease in the country. Finally, we suggest future directions in the war against the economically devastating ND in Nigeria.

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