Preparation of amorphous aluminium ammonium phosphates

2012 ◽  
Vol 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Grzmil ◽  
Kinga Łuczka ◽  
Marta Gleń
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Statistical Program

ABSTRACTA method for obtaining of amorphous aluminium ammonium phosphates is developed. The statistical program STATISTICA 9 is used for planning and evaluation of the experiments. Research is carried out according to the Box-Behnken model for the following values of independent variables (input factors): pH: 6.0 ± 2; concentration of reagents: 40 ± 10 wt%, molar ratio of NH4+:PO43- in substrates (2 ± 1:1) i.e. Al3+:NH4+:PO43- (0.66:1-3:1). On the basis of this research, process parameters are determined, in which materials with the expected physicochemical properties (chemical composition, specific surface area, oil absorption number) can be obtained.

Elucidating the Origin of the Toxicity of Nano-CeO2 to Chlorella pyrenoidosa：the Role of Specific Surface Area and Chemical Composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjian Xie ◽  
Yuhui Ma ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Junzhe Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effects

With the increasing environmental application and discharge of nano cerium dioxide (nano-CeO2), it is urgent to fully understand its ecotoxicological effects on the aquatic environment. This study for the first...

Comparative Analysis on Chemical Composition and Charcoal Characterization of Two Miscanthus Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1265-1272
Author(s):  
Wen Biao Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhu Li ◽  
Bing Song Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Hot Water

Miscanthus is a highly productive, rhizomatous, C4 perennial grass that should be considered as an excellent active carbon precursor. This paper compares the charcoal characterization and chemical composition between M. sinensis and M. floridulus. Species differed in water content, hot water extract, 1% NaOH extract, organic solvent extract, cellulose, lignin and ash. Carbonization temperatures have effects on charcoal yields of Miscanthus, which ranged from 23.5% to 48.0% for M. sinensis and 11.3% to 37.2% for M. floridulus. Water content, charcoal density, pH value, and specific surface area of charcoal characterization varied between two species of Miscanthus. The specific surface area increased with the increase of carbonization temperature. The highest specific surface area of M. sinensis and M. floridulus was 351.74 m2g−1and 352.74 m2g−1, respectively, when the carbonization temperature was 800°C.

The Influence of Fe/Al Molar Ratio on Microreactor-Based Catalyst Preparation and Carbon Nanotube Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Ting Qun Tan ◽  
Lei Geng ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Yan He
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Catalytic Activity

In order to prepare carbon nanotubes with high specific surface area, small diameter, low resistivity, high purity and high catalytic activity, the Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared based on the microreactor. The influence of different Fe/Al molar ratios on the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes prepared was studied through BET, SEM, TEM and other detection methods. Studies have shown that the pore structure of the catalyst is dominated by slit pores at a lower Fe/Al molar ratio. The catalytic activity is the highest when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:1, reaching 74.1%. When the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, the catalyst has a higher specific surface area, the maximum pore size is 8.63 nm, and the four-probe resistivity and ash content of the corresponding carbon nanotubes are the lowest. The higher the proportion of aluminum, the higher the specific surface area of the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes, and the finer the diameter of the carbon nanotubes, which gradually tends to relax. The results show that when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, although the catalytic activity of the catalyst is not the highest, the carbon nanotubes prepared have the best performance.

Organic- or Inorganic-based Nanomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges in the Selection for Biomedicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjith Kankala
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Selection For

: Since the inception of nanotechnology, several efforts have been dedicated to fabricating diverse nanodevices with exceptional performance. These innovative constructs have been applied in medicine due to their tailorable physicochemical properties (chemical composition, optical activity, spectra, and charge) and morphological attributes (size, shape, and surface area). Moreover, these versatile nanomedicines could promisingly offer better performance over the conventional therapeutic strategies. Broadly speaking, in terms of chemical composition, nanobiomaterials are classified into two predominant categories of organic and inorganic-based components. Despite their success and enormous versatile advancements in the past two decades, the significant progress towards clinical translation has been hampered by their corresponding intrinsic limitations. In this perspective, we give a brief overview of these organic- and inorganic-based materials, highlighting opportunities and challenges towards their utilization in medicine. Finally, we provide an interesting outlook in lessons learned and looking forward to developing these materials, emphasizing their scope towards clinical translation.

scholarly journals Review on the Relationship Between Liquid Aerospace Fuel Composition and Their Physicochemical Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Tinghao Jia ◽  
Lun Pan ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Yunming Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Fuel Composition

AbstractThe development of advanced air transportation has raised new demands for high-performance liquid hydrocarbon fuels. However, the measurement of fuel properties is time-consuming, cost-intensive, and limited to the operating conditions. The physicochemical properties of aerospace fuels are directly influenced by chemical composition. Thus, a thorough investigation should be conducted on the inherent relationship between fuel properties and composition for the design and synthesis of high-grade fuels and the prediction of fuel properties in the future. This work summarized the effects of fuel composition and hydrocarbon molecular structure on the fuel physicochemical properties, including density, net heat of combustion (NHOC), low-temperature fluidity (viscosity and freezing point), flash point, and thermal-oxidative stability. Several correlations and predictions of fuel properties from chemical composition were reviewed. Additionally, we correlated the fuel properties with hydrogen/carbon molar ratios (nH/C) and molecular weight (M). The results from the least-square method implicate that the coupling of H/C molar ratio and M is suitable for the estimation of density, NHOC, viscosity and effectiveness for the design, manufacture, and evaluation of aviation hydrocarbon fuels.

Study on Comparison among Papermaking Powder Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2434-2438
Author(s):  
Quan Xiao Liu ◽  
Wen Cai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Powder Properties

In this paper the comparison among some papermaking powder properties are studied. It shows that the properties of different powders are different because of different chemical composition and different preparation method and their particle size is different for different purpose such as filler and pigment. The particle size of powder for pigment powder is smaller than that for filler. The specific surface area of papermaking filler is lower than 20m2/g, the absorption value of DBP is about 45cm3/100g, the whiteness is up to 90%, and the particle size is about 3µm. The specific surface area of papermaking pigment is lower than 25m2/g, the absorption value of DBP is from 40 cm3/100g to100cm3/100g, the whiteness of clay is up to 50%, the whiteness of GCC and PCC is up to 90%, and the particle size is lower than 2µm. The specific surface area of silica is up to 100m2/g, the absorption value of DBP is up to 100cm3/100g, the whiteness is up to 97%, and the particle size is around 5µm.

scholarly journals Impact of Biochar on Physicochemical Properties of Haplic Luvisol Soil under Different Land Use: A Plot Experiment

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cybulak ◽  
Zofia Sokołowska ◽  
Patrycja Boguta
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
And Function ◽  
Positive Effect

There is limited information regarding the effect of biochar (BioC) on improving the fertility of degraded soils (fallow and grassland), particularly with respect to changes with time. The objective of the study was to evaluate, in a three-year field experiment, the influence of BioC on the physicochemical properties of Haplic Luvisol. BioC, obtained via wood waste pyrolysis at 650 °C, was applied to the soil of subplots under fallow and grassland at rates of 0, 1, 2, and 3 kg·m−2. Soil samples were collected eight times, from 2013 to 2015. Physicochemical characterization was performed for soil and BioC by analyzing density, pH, surface charge, as well as ash and organic carbon content. BioC’s influence on the physicochemical properties of degraded soils was determined by analyzing the changes in pH, specific surface area, radius, and volume of the micropore. The addition of BioC affected analyzed soils to varying degrees. In the case of the fallow, a positive effect on changes in these parameters was observed, particularly at the highest biochar dose and for the last year of the experiment. However, for the grassland, in most cases we observed the opposite trend—for example, pH and specific surface area values decreased with increasing biochar dose. We believe that it is necessary to examine how BioC affects sorption properties of organic matter of fallow and grassland soils, as well as the BioC’s influence on humic acids of these soils as a function on BioC dose and function of time.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition but Not Specific Surface Area Affects Calcium Retention of Nanostructured Calcium Compounds in Growing Rats

2017 ◽  
pp. jn241927
Author(s):  
Lidija Posavec ◽  
Florentine M Hilty ◽  
Jeannine Baumgartner ◽  
Hylton Buntting ◽  
Monika Hilbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Calcium Retention ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Calcium Compounds

Effect of pH, Molar Ratio of Fuel to Nitrates and Calcination Temperature on the Glycine-Nitrate Synthesis of Nano CoAl2O4

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hamid Jazayeri ◽  
Federica Bondioli ◽  
Shiva Salem ◽  
Ali Allahverdi ◽  
Mansoor Shirvani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Metal Nitrates ◽  
Powder Characteristics

In this research, solution-based combustion synthesis is applied to prepare the spinel CoAl2O4 pigment from precursor solution of Al(NO3)3 .9H2O, Co(NO3)2 .6H2O and glycine. Effect of pH values (2.5, 7, 10.5), molar ratio of fuel to metal nitrates in the precursor solutions (1.5, 2) and subsequent calcination temperature (800, 1000, 1200 °C) on the powder characteristics are described. Gel formation, morphologies, specific surface area and colour of the powder are characterized using DTA/TG, XRD, TEM, BET and UV-Vis. The results indicate that the crystalline spinel CoAl2O4 is formed at all different Gl/(metal nitrates) molar ratios, pH and temperatures and higher temperature promote the increase of the crystallite size. According to TEM figures most of the particles calcined at 800 and 1000 °C has sizes less than 50 and 100 nm, respectively. Corresponding to results of BET experiment, specific surface area has its maximum values at pH 7 and decreases with increasing of temperature. Finally, colorability test indicates the complete stability of the synthesized powder in the glass matrix.

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