National and State Trends in Anxiety and Depression Severity Scores Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, 2020–2021

BackgroundIn both hepatic and cardiac disease, a bidirectional relationship exists between somatic and psychiatric symptoms: is anxiety/depression caused by the somatic burden of the symptoms or the psychiatric symptoms and stress are an important pathophysiologic factor for the somatic disease?ObjectiveThe objectives of our observational study were to see if any differences exist regarding the anxiety level in patients with hepatic versus cardiac disease and if the depressive symptomatology differs between the two groups of patients.Materials and methods: We conceived a 2X2 study model by including two independent variables (the somatic pathology, hepatic and cardiac) and two dependent variables (anxiety and depression) which included 66 patients (35 with hepatic and 31 with cardiac pathology) who completed both STAI X1 scale for anxiety and BECK scale for depression with good reliability for both scales (Cronbach's alpha value of 0.74 for STAI X1 and 0.76 for BECK), data analyzed with SPSS 17.ResultsWe obtained a low level for anxiety (mean = 17.76) and a medium level for depression (mean = 49), both anxiety and depression level being higher in the patients with hepatic disease versus cardiac patients (P > 0.05). The patients with hepatic failure had a higher medium anxiety score (54.66) vs cardiac failure patients (42.61). The depression score was 19.71 in patients with hepatic failure and 15.55 in patients with cardiac failure.ConclusionBoth anxiety and depression severity scores were increased in patients with hepatic disease vs patients with cardiac disease in the studied groups.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Anxiety and depression severity are related to right but not left onset Parkinson's disease duration

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2011.02.023 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 305 (1-2) ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Paul S. Foster ◽

Valeria Drago ◽

Gregory P. Crucian ◽

William K. Sullivan ◽

Robert D. Rhodes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Severity

Download Full-text

Prediction of Depression Severity Scores Based on Functional Connectivity and Complexity of the EEG Signal

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience ◽

10.1177/1550059420965431 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 52-60

Author(s):

Yousef Mohammadi ◽

Mohammad Hassan Moradi

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Regression Model ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Clustering Coefficient ◽

Eeg Signal ◽

Alpha Band ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Severity Prediction ◽

Severity Of Depression

Background Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and the leading cause of functional disabilities. This study aims to specify whether functional connectivity and complexity of brain activity can predict the severity of depression (Beck Depression Inventory–II scores). Methods Resting-state, eyes-closed EEG data were recorded from 60 depressed patients. A phase synchronization measure was used to estimate functional connectivity between all pairs of the EEG channels in the delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), and beta (13-30 Hz) frequency bands. To quantify the local value of functional connectivity, 2 graph theory metrics, degree, and clustering coefficient (CC), were measured. Moreover, Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) and fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) were used to measure the complexity of the EEG signal. Results Through correlation analysis, a significant negative relationship was found between graph metrics and depression severity in the alpha band. This association was strongly positive for the complexity measures in alpha and delta bands. Also, the linear regression model represented a substantial performance of depression severity prediction based on EEG features of the alpha band ( r = 0.839; P < .0001, root mean square error score of 7.69). Conclusion We found that the brain activity of patients with depression was related to depression severity. Abnormal brain activity reflects an increase in the severity of depression. The presented regression model provides a quantitative depression severity prediction, which can inform the development of EEG state and exhibit potential desirable application for the medical treatment of the depressive disorder.

Download Full-text

Rosiglitazone Add-On in Treatment of Depressed Patients with Insulin Resistance: a Pilot Study

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2010.32 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 321-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Natalie L. Rasgon ◽

Heather A. Kenna ◽

Katherine E. Williams ◽

Bevin Powers ◽

Tonita Wroolie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Bipolar Depression ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Open Label ◽

Modest Improvement ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Matsuda Index

A number of cross-sectional studies have suggested an association between insulin resistance (IR) and affective disorders. However, limited data exist on potential changes in IR in a prospective treatment of depression. The present pilot study tested the hypothesis that improvement of IR with the addition of an insulin-sensitizing agent would improve mood in nondiabetic patients with unipolar or bipolar depression, who had surrogate blood markers suggestive of IR. Surrogate IR-criteria blood markers were fasting plasma glucose >100 mg/dl or triglyceride (TG) to high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio >3.0. Open-label rosiglitazone, titrated to a dose of 8 mg/day, was administered for 12 weeks to 12 patients with depressive disorder receiving treatment as usual (TAU). Eight patients who completed the 12-week study exhibited significant declines in both depression severity by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale, with moderate effect sizes noted. Modest improvement in Matsuda Index scores was also noted at 12 weeks, yet declines in depression severity scores were not associated with improvements in the endocrine markers (Matsuda Index, TG/HDL ratio, and body mass index). These results suggest the potential novel use for an insulin-sensitizing agent in the treatment of depressive disorders. Larger placebo-controlled studies are warranted.

Download Full-text

Anxiety and depression severity predicts depression outcome for bilateral neuronavigated 20HZ theta burst TMS

Brain Stimulation ◽

10.1016/j.brs.2018.07.041 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e20

Author(s):

William F. Stubbeman ◽

Silvia Bastea ◽

Bijan Zarrabi ◽

Raya Khairkhah

Keyword(s):

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Theta Burst

Download Full-text

Restoration of Deafferentation Reduces Tinnitus, Anxiety, and Depression: A Retrospective Study on Cochlear Implant Patients

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2021/6678863 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Juanmei Yang ◽

Jing Song ◽

Xiang Zhao ◽

Carol Pang ◽

Ning Cong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Cochlear Implantation ◽

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Research Work ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Psychological Comorbidities ◽

Anxiety Depression

Patients with profound bilateral deafness (BD) are prone to suffering from tinnitus, which further leads to psychological comorbidities and makes it more difficult for patients to communicate with people. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of cochlear implants (CIs) on tinnitus distress and psychological comorbidities in patients with profound BD. This multicenter retrospective study reviewed 51 patients with severe postlingual BD who underwent cochlear implantation; 49 patients underwent unilateral cochlear implantation, and 2 patients underwent bilateral cochlear implantation. The patients were asked to complete all the questionnaires, including the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), the visual analog scale (VAS) score, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Questionnaire (HADS), the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP), and the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), at least 4 months after implantation when the CI was on or off, in approximately May-June 2019. In our study, 94% (48/51) of BD patients suffered from tinnitus before CI, and 77% (37/48) of them suffered from bilateral tinnitus. In addition, 50.9% (26/51) of the CI patients were suffering from anxiety, 52.9% (27/51) of them were suffering from depression ( score ≥ 8 ), and 66.7% (34/51) (27/51) of them were suffering from anxiety or depression. Cochlear implantation could reduce tinnitus more obviously when the CI was on than when the CI was off. Cochlear implantation also reduced anxiety/depression severity. There were significantly positive correlations between tinnitus severity and anxiety/depression severity before and after surgery. Moreover, hearing improvement is positively correlated with reduction level of tinnitus, the better hearing, and the lesser severity of tinnitus. Thus, along with effective restoration of deafferentation, cochlear implantation shows positive therapeutic effects on tinnitus and psychological comorbidities, providing a reference for future clinical and research work.

Download Full-text

Change in Five-Factor Model Personality Traits During the Acute Phase of the Coronavirus Pandemic

10.31234/osf.io/ja7b5 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Angelina Sutin ◽

Martina Luchetti ◽

Damaris Aschwanden ◽

Ji Hyun Lee ◽

Amanda A Sesker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

The United States ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Psychological Function ◽

Rapid Spread

The rapid spread of the coronavirus and the strategies to slow it have disrupted just about every aspect of our lives. Such disruption may be reflected in changes in psychological function. The present study used a pre-posttest design to test whether Five Factor Model personality traits changed with the coronavirus outbreak in the United States. Participants (N=2,137) were tested in early February 2020 and again during the President’s 15 Days to Slow the Spread guidelines. In contrast to the preregistered hypotheses, Neuroticism decreased across these six weeks, particularly the facets of Anxiety and Depression, and Conscientiousness did not change. Exploratory analyses indicated that quarantine/isolation status moderated change such that Neuroticism only decreased for those not in quarantine, whereas Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness declined for participants in quarantine. The present research suggests modest changes in personality traits across the acute phase of the coronavirus outbreak.

Download Full-text

McLaughlin et al. (2020) - PRS - Who are the Religious Dones?

10.31234/osf.io/uqbta ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aaron McLaughlin ◽

Daryl R. Van Tongeren ◽

Kelly Teahan ◽

Don E. Davis ◽

Kenneth G. Rice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Religious Beliefs ◽

The United States ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Primary Study ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Religious Behaviors ◽

Different Types ◽

Effect Hypothesis ◽

Beliefs And Attitudes

Identifying as nonreligious is increasingly more common in the United States. However, up until recently the field has been slow to understand differences in experience among those who have never been religious and those who have deidentified from religion. In addressing this gap, we sought to first identify differing motivations for deidentifying from religion (pilot study, n ? 153). In our primary study, we sought to explore whether there are different types of religious dones in a cross-cultural sample (United States n = 206; Netherlands n = 288; Hong Kong n = 149) and whether there are meaningful differences in behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes among these different types. Results revealed two distinct profiles of religious dones based on their experience of religious beliefs, behaviors, attitudes, and affiliation: discontinuing religious dones, and still practicing religious dones. This research addressed gaps in understanding nuanced differences among those who formerly but no longer identify as religious, and also offered additional evidence to support the religious residue effect hypothesis in that many religious dones continued to demonstrate religious beliefs and behaviors (Van Tongeren, DeWall, Chen, Sibley, & Bulbulia, 2020). The discontinuing group endorsed less religious behaviors and practices as well as more neutral attitudes toward religion and religious individuals, while the still practicing engaged in more religious and spiritual behaviors and also held more positive attitudes toward religion and religious individuals. Additionally, the still practicing reported more mental health concerns related to affect, anxiety, and depression than did the discontinuing.

Download Full-text

Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among Adults with Arthritis — United States, 2015–2017

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report ◽

10.15585/mmwr.mm6739a2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (39) ◽

pp. 1081-1087 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dana Guglielmo ◽

Jennifer M. Hootman ◽

Michael A. Boring ◽

Louise B. Murphy ◽

Kristina A. Theis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Anxiety And Depression

Download Full-text

The Abbreviated Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Abbreviated Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS): Psychometric Properties and Evaluation of the Czech Versions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph181910337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 10337

Author(s):

Jan Sandora ◽

Lukas Novak ◽

Robert Brnka ◽

Jitse P. van Dijk ◽

Peter Tavel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Psychometric Evaluation ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Excellent Internal Consistency ◽

Parametric Testing ◽

Nationally Representative

Short and effective tools for measuring depression, anxiety and their resulting impairments are lacking in the Czech language. The abbreviated versions of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS) show very good psychometric properties in English and other languages, and can be used in different settings for research or clinical purposes. The aim of this study was the psychometric evaluation and validation of the Czech versions of the abbreviated forms of both tools in the general population. A nationally representative sample of 2912 participants (age = 48.88, SD = 15.56; 55% female) was used. The non-parametric testing of the differences between sociodemographic groups revealed a higher level of anxiety and depression in students, females and religious respondents. Confirmatory Factor Analysis suggested a good fit for the unidimensional model of the OASIS: x²(4) = 38.28; p < 0.001; TLI = 0.999; CFI = 0.997; RMSEA = 0.078; SRMR = 0.027 and the ODSIS: x²(4) = 36.54; p < 0.001; TLI = 0.999; CFI = 0.999; RMSEA = 0.076; SRMR = 0.021 with the data. Both scales had an excellent internal consistency (OASIS: Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95, McDonald’s omega = 0.95 and ODSIS: Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95, McDonald’s omega = 0.95). A clinical cut-off of 15 was identified for the OASIS and a cut-off of 12 for the ODSIS. The study showed good validity for both scales. The Czech versions of the abbreviated OASIS and ODSIS were short and valid instruments for measuring anxiety and depression.

Download Full-text