scholarly journals Determining the properties of chia seed meal gel

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11 (114)) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Ihor Strashynskyi ◽  
Victoria Grechko ◽  
Oksana Fursik ◽  
Vasyl Pasichnyi ◽  
Andrii Marynin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Degree Of Hydration ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Emulsifying Capacity ◽  
The Relationship

Potential areas of using chia seeds meal as part of mincemeat semi-finished products were substantiated. The modern stage of development of the food industry involves the expansion of the range of natural functional ingredients that improve the organoleptic characteristics of finished products and provide consumers with "healthy" food. This causes the use of new ingredients in the meat processing industry for producing and devising products. The relationship between the indicators of emulsifying capacity, emulsion resistance, and the degree of hydration of chia meal was determined experimentally. It was found that the ability of chia meal to absorb and retain water and fat molecules in the emulsion composition decreased proportionally to a decrease in its concentration in the composition of hydrated samples. The existence of non-polar side chains of amino acids that get bound to fat molecules contributes to an increase in the indicators of emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability during heat treatment (70±2 °C) and after pre-freezing on average by 7–8.7 % and by 16–18.8 %, respectively. Analysis of effective viscosity of the dispersed system of chia seeds meal indicates that in the area of a higher concentration, the viscous-elastic and solid-like behavior of the suspension depends on dynamic changes in the volume of the phase of particles. Heating the experimental samples to a temperature of 70±2 °C in the center leads to a maximum increase in viscosity of the formed dispersions. When studying the effect of the processes of freezing on the properties of the studied systems, the cryoprotective properties for the proposed additives were detected. The obtained data indicate the thermal stabilization of the proposed additive, the ability to form a microgel structure in the finished product, and retain moisture during heat treatment of semi-finished products.

scholarly journals Dual Plasticizer/Thermal Stabilizer Effect of Epoxidized Chia Seed Oil (Salvia hispanica L.) to Improve Ductility and Thermal Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Ivan Dominguez-Candela ◽  
Jose Miguel Ferri ◽  
Salvador Cayetano Cardona ◽  
Jaime Lora ◽  
Vicent Fombuena
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Chia Seed Oil

The use of a new bio-based plasticizer derived from epoxidized chia seed oil (ECO) was applied in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. ECO was used due to its high epoxy content (6.7%), which led to an improved chemical interaction with PLA. Melt extrusion was used to plasticize PLA with different ECO content in the 0–10 wt.% range. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal characterization was carried out to evaluate the effect of ECO percentage. Besides, disintegration and migration tests were studied to assess the future application in packaging industry. Ductile properties improve by 700% in elongation at break with 10 wt.% ECO content. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed a phase separation with ECO content equal or higher than 7.5 wt.%. Thermal stabilization was improved 14 °C as ECO content increased. All plasticized PLA was disintegrated under composting conditions, not observing a delay up to 5 wt.% ECO. Migration tests pointed out a very low migration, less than 0.11 wt.%, which is to interest to the packaging industry.

scholarly journals Techniques for postmortem tenderisation in meat processing: effectiveness, application and possible mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Shi ◽  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Jiankang Wang ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Ye Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Industry ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Home Cooking ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Combined Interventions ◽  
Calpain System

Abstract Developing efficient and promising tenderising techniques for postmortem meat is a heavily researched topic among meat scientists as consumers are willing to pay more for guaranteed tender meat. However, emerging tenderising techniques are not broadly used in the meat industry and, to some degree, are controversial due to lack of theoretical support. Thus, understanding the mechanisms involved in postmortem tenderisation is essential. This article first provides an overview of the relationship of ageing tenderisation and calpain system, as well as proteomics applied to identify protein biomarkers characterizing tenderness. In general, the ageing tenderisation is mediated by multiple biochemical activities, and it can exhibit better palatability and commercial benefit by combining other interventions. The calpain system plays a key role in ageing tenderisation functions by rupturing myofibrils and regulating proteolysis, glycolysis, apoptosis and metabolic modification. Additionally, tenderising techniques from different aspects including exogenous enzymes, chemistry, physics and the combined methods are discussed in depth. Particularly, innovation of home cooking could be recommended to prepare relatively tender meat due to its convenience and ease of operation by consumers. Furthermore, the combined interventions provide better performance in controlled tenderness. Finally, future trends in developing new tenderising techniques, and applied consideration in the meat processing industry are proposed in order to improve meat quality with higher economical value. Graphical abstract

Structural Defects and Changes in Al-Pd-Fe Crystalline Approximant

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Wang ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Decagonal Quasicrystal ◽  
High Temperature Heat Treatment ◽  
Atom Clusters ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Heat Treatment

Crystalline approximants structurally related to decagonal quasicrystal in the as-cast and heat-treated Al75Pd15Fe10 alloys and defect structures in them have been studied by means of high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Structural defects of linear and planar types were found to exist extensively in the orthorhombic ε16-phase formed in the as-cast Al75Pd15Fe10 alloy. In contrast with the distribution and configuration of the defects in the as-cast ε16-phase, we found that high-temperature heat treatment promotes the formation of a kind of regular network of structural defects in the ε16-phase. This suggests that rearrangements of atom clusters and as well as defects occurred due to the heat treatment. The relationship between the distribution of atom clusters and the configuration of defects will be discussed.

Experimental Study on Friction and Wear between Drill Collar and Casing

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 460-465
Author(s):  
Ben Sheng Huang ◽  
Yao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Drill Collar

Casing wear is one of the key issues in the development of oil and gas fields and in the process of drilling operations. In this study, the relationship between hardness and wear resistance of drill collar and casing was studied; thereby the wear conditions between the two materials were improved. Chemical analysis, optical microscopy, hardness test and friction wear test were conducted to study the effects of heat treatment on hardness of the drill collar 4145H and the casing 30Mn5V, and discuss the relationship between hardness and wear resistance of them. The results showed that the materials of drill collar and casing after different heat treatment had varying degrees of wear, both of the respective wear amounts were gradually increasing with the increase of hardness of them, the wear extent of casing material was greater than that of drill collar material. The hardness of casing material was the lowest and its wear resistance was the best when quenching at 880°C and tempering at 630°C. And when quenching at 900°C and tempering at 690°C, the hardness of drill collar material was the lowest and its wear resistance was the best. Therefore, the hardness of drill collar and casing can be improved by changing the heat treatment process to improve the wear resistance, thereby reducing the wear conditions between them.

scholarly journals Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Anak Berdasarkan Golongan Darah

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Hamam Burhanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

The study in this paper are explain about the studies of medical (medicine) blood type have the same relationship to human character because the blood producing antibodies and antigens. It could determine a person helpless hold strong or weak body, has an allergy to something or not, in the blood also contains various nutrients (like protein) and also the oxygen being supplied to the brain and nerves and body affect performance someone will then be emanated from the attitude of the person and social interaction. As has been explained, but keep in mind, there is blood in the genes, the nature of which is carried in the body/genotif rightly so it is, but we can not ignore the fenotif/nature arising or visible, this trait appear due to interaction between genes and the environment, so even if the person is smart in the intelligentsia and emotional, but grew up in a bad environment is going to be a bad trait. The theory of personality based on blood type can be used as a reference in parenting children through an understanding of the fundamental principles of the application of personality accompanied by parenting. Furthermore, the taking of steps in the care tailored to the stage of development of the child, in the Qur'an explicitly did not mentioned paragraph that discusses about blood type, but in the Qur'an there are blood (ad-Dam), Islamic studies in the study of Children is seen as a mandate from God, forming 3-dimensional relationships, with parents as the central figure. First, her parents relationship with God that is backed by the presence of children. Second, the relationship of the child (which still need a lot of guidance) with God through his parents. Third, the relationship of the child with both parents under the tutelage and guidance of God.

Influence of Residual Stress on the Thermal Expansion Behavior of Electroformed Nickel Layers

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
Yi Chun Liu ◽  
Jia Min Zhang ◽  
Jian Hong Yi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Heat Treatment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermal Expansion Behavior ◽  
Expansion Behavior ◽  
Electroformed Nickel ◽  
The Relationship

Nickel layers with tensile or pressure residual stress were prepared by electroforming technique from two kinds of electrolyte. Subsequent heat treatment was adopted to get the stress released. The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) were measured with a thermal dilatometer and the relationship between residual stress and the measured CTEs was revealed both from experimental results and theoretical analysis.

Child Custody in Jewish Law: From Authority of the Father to the Best Interest of the Child

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-122
Author(s):  
Yehiel S. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Child Custody ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Custody Of Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dominant Tendency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Explicit Rule

The understanding of Jewish law of the legal rationale of the relationship between parent and child developed gradually. In the first stage, in ancient Jewish law, the dominant tendency was to affirm the authority of the Jewish father over the members of his family. During this period, the idea that parents have a natural responsibility to love their children, care for them and provide for their welfare was less transparent. The main purpose of the rules concerning the relationship between parents and children at this stage was the assertion of the rights and needs of the father of the family.1 Consequently, some of the regulations of ancient Jewish law regarding the relationship between parents and children were not necessarily focused on the best interest of the child and the ideological basis for the legal policy in the sphere of custody in the ancient period was somewhat vague.By contrast, during the second, medieval stage of development of Jewish law on the relationship between parents and children, the ancient supreme principle, of the father's authority over members of his family in all spheres including the sphere of custody of children, was largely replaced by an explicit rule in Jewish law: the best interest of the child is a paramount consideration. Indeed, we could say that the explicit implementation of the principle of best interest of the child in Jewish custody cases is a medieval invention, introduced by Jewish scholars at this period in their child custody verdicts. By contrast to the ancient period, the rules of custody, which had become fully defined at this stage, utilizing this principle, usually favored the mother.

Relationship Between Acid Intergranular Corrosion and Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking of Alloy 600

CORROSION ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. THEUS
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Alloy 600 ◽  
Intergranular Attack ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Stress Relieving ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Modified Streicher and 288 C (550 F) electrochemical caustic stress corrosion tests were performed on Alloy 600 to determine the relationship between acid intergranular attack susceptibility and caustic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility. Mill annealed and solution annealed materials with and without a subsequent 621 C (1150 F) heat treatment (simulated stress relief) were evaluated. Susceptibility to attack in the Streicher test was greatest for material that had received a 621 C (1150 F) heat treatment, whereas this heat treatment caused the same material to be least susceptible to cracking in the electrochemical tests. The conclusions drawn from these results are: (1) stress relieving Alloy 600 does improve its resistance to caustic SCC, and (2) resistance of Alloy 600 to acid intergranular attack does not imply resistance of Alloy 600 to caustic SCC. Therefore, the results demonstrate the need for selecting corrosion qualification tests which are relevant to service conditions.

scholarly journals Ecological architecture as a forgotten opportunity in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Thanh Son Le
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Result ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Ecological Development ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ecological Architecture ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Missed Opportunity

Ecological Architecture is a modern topic. In Viet Nam, this topic attracted a great attention, and eventually, it is considered as a new trend, both theoretical and practical. This article presents different perspectives, but not the common public opinions on the issue, in particular, as follows: comparison of the relationship between the traditional Vietnamese architecture and the modern ecological architecture to acknowledge the similarity rather than the difference; the lessons learned from a particular stage of development in Vietnam before 1975 as an empirical result for modern ecological and environmental theories; discussion of the missed opportunity for the integration and contribution of modern Vietnamese architecture in terms of both theoretical and ecological development of Vietnamese architecture in the context of globalization.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes to Sanitizers Used in the Meat Processing Industry

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 6405-6409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadya Romanova ◽  
Stacy Favrin ◽  
Mansel W. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Automated Ribotyping ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

ABSTRACT Nineteen Listeria monocytogenes strains were characterized by automated ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and plasmid profiling to determine the relationship between genotype and sanitizer resistance. Isolates within a ribogroup had a consistent sensitivity or resistance phenotype except for ribogroup C isolates. All isolates with resistance phenotypes harbored two plasmids. The sensitivity of L. monocytogenes strains to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) was correlated with sensitivity to sanitizers and antibiotics with other modes of action. All isolates tested contained the mdrL gene, which encodes an efflux pump that confers resistance to QACs and is both chromosome and plasmid borne.

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