scholarly journals Exploring the Decline in the Singleton Preterm Birth Rate in the United States, 2019–2020

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Martin ◽  
Michelle Osterman

This report is limited to singleton births and describes trends in preterm birth rates from 2014 through 2020 and changes in rates between 2019 and 2020 by maternal race and Hispanic origin, age, and state of residence.

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Bronstein ◽  
Martha S. Wingate ◽  
Anne E. Brisendine

The portion of newborns delivered before term is considerably higher in the United States than in other developed countries. We compare the array of risk exposures and protective factors common to women across national settings, using national, regional, and international databases, review articles, and research reports. We find that U.S. women have higher rates of obesity, heart disease, and poor health status than women in other countries. This is in part because more U.S. women are exposed to the stresses of racism and income disparity than women in other national settings, and stress loads are known to disrupt physiological functions. Pregnant women in the United States are not at higher risk for preterm birth because of older maternal age or engagement in high-risk behaviors. However, to a greater extent than in other national settings, they are younger and their pregnancies are unintended. Higher rates of multiple gestation pregnancies, possibly related to assisted reproduction, are also a factor in higher preterm birth rates. Reproductive policies that support intentional childbearing and social welfare policies that reduce the stress of income insecurity can be modeled from those in place in other national settings to address at least some of the elevated U.S. preterm birth rate.


2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Maloni

Preterm birth is the major maternal—child health issue across developed nations and the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Of all deaths of infants <1year of age in the United States in 2005, 68.6% occurred in infants born prior to term. Although the preterm birth rate in European countries is 5-7%, the U.S. preterm birth rate is 12.7%, representing an increase of 9% since 2000. Antepartum bed rest/activity restriction (ABR/AR) has been a mainstay of treatment to prevent preterm birth for the past 30 years prescribed for nearly 1 million women in the United States annually, despite a lack of evidence for its effectiveness. In fact, there is increasing evidence that ABR causes several adverse physiologic and psychological side effects among women and their infants. Unfortunately, these findings have had little impact on clinical practice. This integrative review of literature provides a comprehensive analysis of the evidence for the practice of prescribing ABR and its physiologic, behavioral, and experiential side effects. It also presents a model to guide continuing research about the effects of maternal bed rest as well as evidence supporting the use of home care with bed rest, a different, safe, and feasible model of prenatal care for treating women with pregnancy complications used particularly in other countries. Finally, suggestions to improve the health of high-risk pregnant and postpartum women and their infants are provided.


2015 ◽  
Vol 213 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina N. Schoen ◽  
Sammy Tabbah ◽  
Jay D. Iams ◽  
Aaron B. Caughey ◽  
Vincenzo Berghella

2001 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. S157
Author(s):  
Anthony Vitzileos ◽  
Cande Ananth ◽  
John Smulian ◽  
William Scorza ◽  
Robert Knuppel

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nilza Lima Medeiros ◽  
Nádia Carenina Nunes Cavalcante ◽  
Fabrício José Alencar Mesquita ◽  
Rosângela Lucena Fernandes Batista ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the last menstrual period (LMP) estimate in determining pre and post-term birth rates, in a prenatal cohort from two Brazilian cities, São Luís and Ribeirão Preto. Pregnant women with a single fetus and less than 20 weeks' gestation by obstetric ultrasonography who received prenatal care in 2010 and 2011 were included. The LMP was obtained on two occasions (at 22-25 weeks gestation and after birth). The sensitivity of LMP obtained prenatally to estimate the preterm birth rate was 65.6% in São Luís and 78.7% in Ribeirão Preto and the positive predictive value was 57.3% in São Luís and 73.3% in Ribeirão Preto. LMP errors in identifying preterm birth were lower in the more developed city, Ribeirão Preto. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of LMP for the estimate of the post-term birth rate was very low and tended to overestimate it. LMP can be used with some errors to identify the preterm birth rate when obstetric ultrasonography is not available, but is not suitable for predicting post-term birth.


2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Ovadia ◽  
Laura M. Moore

Teen birth rates vary widely across counties in the United States. in this study, we examine whether the religious composition of a county is correlated with the rate of teen childbearing using both a traditional moral communities approach and a “decomposed” version of that framework. Utilizing 2000 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States Census Bureau, and the Religious Congregation and Membership Survey, we find that the total percentage of religious adherents in a county is not significantly correlated with the teen birth rate. However, when we decompose the Christian population into major denominational groupings, we find the percentage of evangelical Protestants in a county is positively associated with the teen birth rate while the percentage of Catholics is negatively associated with teen childbearing. Possible explanations for the association between religious context and teen birth rates are discussed, as well as their policy and research implications.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gregory ◽  
Claudia Valenzuela ◽  
Joyce Martin

This report describes 2014–2019 trends and changes from 2019 to 2020 for total, early, and late fetal mortality, and compares changes by maternal race and Hispanic origin and by state between 2018–2019 and 2019–2020.


2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Lucovnik ◽  
Andreja Trojner Bregar ◽  
Lili Steblovnik ◽  
Ivan Verdenik ◽  
Ksenija Gersak ◽  
...  

AbstractTo examine the proportion of iatrogenic births among all preterm births over a 26-year period.A registry-based survey of preterm deliveries between 1987 and 2012 analyzed by the onset of labor: spontaneous with intact membranes, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) or iatrogenic. Stratification into categories by gestation (22 weeks to 27 weeks and 6 days, 28 weeks to 31 weeks and 6 days, 32 weeks to 33 weeks and 6 days, 34 weeks to 36 weeks and 6 days) was performed. Preterm birth rates were analyzed using the Mantel-Haenszel linear-by-linear associationOverall preterm birth rate was 5.9% (31328 deliveries) including 2358 (0.4%) before 28 completed weeks, 3388 (0.6%) between 28 weeks and 31 weeks 6 days, 3970 (0.8%) between 32 weeks and 33 weeks and 6 days, and 21611 (4.1%) between 34 weeks and 36 weeks and 6 days There was an increase in overall preterm birth rate (P<0.001). The rate of iatrogenic preterm births and PPROM increased over time (P<0.001 and P<0.014, respectively). Rates of spontaneous preterm birth decreased (P<0.001). After accounting for potential confounders, year of birth remained an independent risk factor for iatrogenic preterm delivery in all four gestational age categories (P<0.001).The incidence of iatrogenic preterm birth is increasing with a concomitant decrease in the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth. Attempts to analyze, interpret and decrease preterm birth rates should consider spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm births separately.


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