scholarly journals Study on using fatty acid data in the botanical chemotaxonomy for Vietnamese seaweed species

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
Le Tat Thanh ◽  
Pham Thi Hue ◽  
Nguyen Van Tuyen Anh ◽  
Dam Duc Tien

Vietnam's sea is assessed to be very diverse and rich in seaweed species. It is about 1000 different species of seaweed, of which more than 800 species have been identified, classify into genus, families, classes, phylums, and continuously updated from the 1950s to the present. Previous studies by Vietnamese and international scientists have shown that lipids from seaweed contain many valuable active ingredients such as acids C20: 4n-6 (AA), C20:5n-3 (EPA), C22:6n-3 (DHA), prostaglandin E2… In this study, fatty acids were converted to methyl esters and identified by gas chromatography using flame ionization detector (GC-FID) with column Cap Mao Equity 5 (Merck, L×ID 30m×0.25 mm, df 0.25 µm). From the total lipid of 50 of Vietnamese seaweed, we have identified 30 fatty acids, in which, C16:0, C18:1n-9, C20:4n-6 (AA) fatty acids have the high content, and C20:5n-3 (EPA), C22:6n-3 (DHA), C22:5n-3 (DPA) fatty acids have the high bioactivities. By the method of PCA main component analysis, from the dataset of fatty acids, we have identified 8 main fatty acids with high correlation and used to represent the distribution of seaweed species on the two-way plane. Three phylums were classified by different fatty acid groups with the high reliability. In the detail, the distribution of the phylum Phaeophyta depends on the content of 3 fatty acids including C16:1n-7, C18:1n-9 và C20:4n-6, the phylum Rhodophyta depends on C15:0, C16:0, C18:0 fatty acids, and the phylum Chlorophyta depends on C18:1n-7, C18:3n-6 fatty acids. This method can may help provides more chemical data in the taxonomy of Vietnamese seaweed species.

Author(s):  
Katarynna Santos Araújo ◽  
Mariana Oliveira Barbosa ◽  
Carolina Barbosa Malafaia ◽  
Daniella Carla Napoleão

A method of separation, identification and quantification of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was developed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) using a basic transesterification. In this sense, there were analyzed FAMEs in commercial samples of vegetable oils from soybean and olive oil. The referred method was linear (r>0.99), accurate and precise for palmitic (C16:0), linoleic (C18:2), oleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and stearic (C18:0) acids. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were from 0.03 to 0.31 and 0.08 to 0.94 mg.mL-1 for the five fatty acids, respectively. The results demonstrated that the unsaturated fatty acids were the most abundant for the two samples, being the oleic acid (C18:1) the major in three brands of olive oil (D, E and F), and the linoleic acid (C18:2) the most abundant in soybean oil and the other brands of olive oil (G, H and I), suggesting a possible adulteration in these brands. The proposed method could be considered a tool for the investigation of adulteration in commercial vegetable oils for guaranteed reliability in the results to be comparable with correlated legislations.


Química Nova ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diégina Fernandes ◽  
Otemberg Chaves ◽  
Yanna Teles ◽  
Maria Agra ◽  
Maria Vieira ◽  
...  

Previous researches showed that fatty acids analysis might be a useful tool to support the taxonomic investigation. In this approach the fatty acids content of ten Malvoideae species was analyzed and its chemotaxonomic significance has been investigated. The aerial parts of the species were collected in the Northeast of Brazil and their fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The chemometric analysis consisted of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) with the euclidean distance between the samples given by the Ward.D2 algorithm. This is the first report of fatty acids from Wissadula peripocifolia, Herissantia crispa, Bakeridesia pickelii, Sidastrum micranthum, Pavonia cancellata and Pavonia malacophylla. The results showed the predominance of palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) acids in the studied species. By the PCA and HCA analysis, the fatty acid composition was able to distinguish the species Herissantia crispa and Pavonia malacophylla. Our findings showed a chemotaxonomic proximity among species from different genera reflecting the taxonomic and phylogenetic closeness previously demonstrated by molecular investigations on Malvoidae species. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the fatty acid analysis may be an interesting tool to support the taxonomic investigations on Malvoideae species.


Author(s):  
Raman Preet ◽  
Raghbir Chand Gupta

  Objective: This study aims to document the fatty acid composition of Solanum surattense Burm. f. collected from hot desert of India, Rajasthan.Methods: The fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The operating conditions used to examine methyl esters of fatty acids are as follows. Fatty acids were converted into methyl esters (FAMEs) before GC analysis according to the standard methods by Ranganna (1986). Quantitative determinations of FAMEs were conducted using GC-FID and capillary column HP-88 Agilent Technologies.Results: The most abundant fatty was palmitic acid (13.2%), oleic acid (22.9%), and linoleic acid (11.9%). This plant is good source of important fatty acids including all the groups of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs and PUFAs) and can be used as a commercial source of fatty acids especially MUFAs and PUFAs.Conclusion: The plant is well studied for various pharmacological activities such as antiasthmatic, anticancer, cardiovascular, and hepatoprotective. Determination of fatty acid profiles in nutritional and clinical research with precision and fastness has become popular for human health and basic research.


Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Thomai Mouskeftara ◽  
Antonis Goulas ◽  
Despoina Ioannidou ◽  
Charikleia Ntenti ◽  
Dimitris Agapakis ◽  
...  

Adiponutrin (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3; PNPLA3), encoded in humans by the PNPLA3 gene, is a protein associated with lipid droplet and endoplasmic reticulum membranes, where it is apparently involved in fatty acid redistribution between triglycerides and phospholipids. A common polymorphism of PNPLA3 (I148M, rs738409), linked to increased PNPLA3 presence on lipid droplets, is a strong genetic determinant of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and of its progression. P-glycoprotein (Pgp, MDR1—multidrug resistance protein 1, ABCB1—ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1), encoded by the ABCB1 gene, is another membrane protein implicated in lipid homeostasis and steatosis. In the past, common ABCB1 polymorphisms have been associated with the distribution of serum lipids but not with fatty acids (FA) profiles. Similarly, data on the effect of PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism on blood FAs are scarce. In this study, a gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method was optimized, allowing us to analyze twenty FAs (C14: 0, C15: 0, C15: 1, C16: 0, C16: 1, C17: 0, C17: 1, C18: 0, C18: 1cis, C18: 2cis, C20: 0, C20: 1n9, C20: 2, C20: 3n6, C20: 4n6, C20: 5, C23: 0, C24: 0, C24: 1 and C22: 6) in whole blood, based on the indirect determination of the fatty acids methyl esters (FAMES), in 62 hyperlipidemic patients and 42 normolipidemic controls. FA concentrations were then compared between the different genotypes of the rs738409 and rs2032582 (ABCB1 G2677T) polymorphisms, within and between the hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic groups. The rs738409 polymorphism appears to exert a significant effect on the distribution of blood fatty acids, in a lipidemic and fatty acid saturation state-depending manner. The effect of rs2032582 was less pronounced, but the polymorphism did appear to affect the relative distribution of blood fatty acids between hyperlipidemic patients and normolipidemic controls.


Meso ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Tomaž Polak ◽  
Mateja Lušnic Polak ◽  
Andrea Rukavina ◽  
Lea Demšar

The present study was carried out to determine the fatty acid profile of rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) from three Slovenian fish farms; Zalog, Želimlje and Povodje. Fatty acids composition was determined on a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results showed that farming conditions have a significant influence on the fatty acid composition of rainbow trout. The predominant saturated fatty acid (SFA) was palmitic acid, oleic acid was the main monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), while the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were the main long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). The percentage of DHA exceeded that of EPA in all rainbow trout samples studied. The n-6/n-3 ratio ranged from 0.89 to 1.54 and the PUFA/SFA ratio was between 1.81 and 2.36. In dorsal and ventral fillet parts, the content of most fatty acids was similar, exceptions were observed for some PUFAs; arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA


2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh Taufik ◽  
Hanifah Nuryani Lioe ◽  
Nancy Dewi Yuliana

The fatty acid composition of palm oil is the major factor influencing its physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the analytical performance of major fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid) analysis in palm oil. Triglycerides of palm oil were derivatized to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by using boron trifluoride (BF3) in methanol. FAMEs were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) using DB-23 capillary column as stationary phase. The studied parameters were instrument performance analysis, the efficiency of fatty acid derivatization, stability of derivatized analytes, accuracy, repeatability, intra-lab reproducibility, ruggedness, and method uncertainty. The evaluation results showed the instrument linearity at a working range of 5 to 40 mg/mL marked by coefficient of determination (R2) between 0.991-0.995. Instrument limits of detection (LOD) and instrument limits of quantification (LOQ) for 4 major fatty acids analysis were 26-35 µg/mLand 86-128 µg/mL, respectively. The increase of fatty acid concentration led to the decrease of derivatization efficiency in the fatty acids analysis. The result also showed that derivatized analytes were stable during 24 h storage at freeze temperature. The average recovery values by spiking method with the spiking concentration at 50 and 90 mg/g sample were at 75-94 % for stearic and linoleic acids analysis, however those for palmitic and oleic acids analysis were considered very low (<40 %), due to their low derivatization efficiency. Repeatability and intra-lab reproducibility of 4 major fatty acids analysis were at acceptable ranges, 0.45-1.38 % and 1.15-2.03 %, respectively. Determination by varying the volume of derivatizing agent showed the rugged method. Uncertainty of repeatability (Ur) and uncertainty of reproducibility (Ur) were ranged at 1.84-9.02 mg/g and 1.40-10.65 mg/g, respectively. This method was considerably reliable for the analysis of less abundance fatty acids in palm oil, stearic and linoleic acids.


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