scholarly journals The fundamental role of DELLA protein and regulatory mechanism during plant growth and development

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12561
Author(s):  
Ali ANWAR ◽  
Qianyu ZHAO ◽  
Huimin ZHANG ◽  
Shu ZHANG ◽  
Lilong HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Della Proteins ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Gibberellins (GAs) play a major role in a variety of key plant development processes, especially in promoting seed germination, stem and root growth, and fruit development. DELLA proteins are the core elements in GA signal transduction pathway, which exist in the plant nucleus and belong to the GRAS protein family. DELLA proteins negatively regulate the GA signaling pathway and biosynthesis, inhibiting plant growth. DELLA proteins can also interact with F-box, PIFS, ROS, SCLl3 and other proteins to enhance plant response to various adverse environmental influences such as drought, low and high temperature, heavy metal stresses. In addition, DELLA proteins can also partially regulate plant growth and development through interacting plant hormones such as ABA (abscisic acid), CK (cytokinin), ET (ethylene), BR (brassinosteroid) and JA (jasmine). This review summarized the basic characteristics of DELLA proteins, the transduction of hormone and environmental signals, as well as the regulation of plant growth and developments. DELLA proteins have broad application prospects in modern agricultural production in the future, but the molecular mechanism of DELLA proteins regulating plant growth and development are still unclear, and needs further study.

scholarly journals GIBBERELLINS IN REGULATION OF PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT UNDER ABIOTIC STRESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
I. V. Kosakivska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Della Proteins ◽  
Plant Yields

Background. Gibberellins (GAs), a class of diterpenoid phytohormones, play an important role in regulation of plant growth and development. Among more than 130 different gibberellin molecules, only a few are bioactive. GA1, GA3, GA4, and GA7 regulate plant growth through promotion the degradation of the DELLA proteins, a family of nuclear growth repressors – negative regulator of GAs signaling. Recent studies on GAs biosynthesis, metabolism, transport, and signaling, as well as crosstalk with other phytohormones and environment have achieved great progress thanks to molecular genetics and functional genomics. Aim. In this review, we focused on the role of GAs in regulation of plant gtowth in abiotic stress conditions. Results. We represented a key information on GAs biosynthesis, signaling and functional activity; summarized current understanding of the crosstalk between GAs and auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid and other hormones and what is the role of GAs in regulation of adaptation to drought, salinization, high and low temperature conditions, and heavy metal pollution. We emphasize that the effects of GAs depend primarily on the strength and duration of stress and the phase of ontogenesis and tolerance of the plant. By changing the intensity of biosynthesis, the pattern of the distribution and signaling of GAs, plants are able to regulate resistance to abiotic stress, increase viability and even avoid stress. The issues of using retardants – inhibitors of GAs biosynthesis to study the functional activity of hormones under abiotic stresses were discussed. Special attention was focused on the use of exogenous GAs for pre-sowing priming of seeds and foliar treatment of plants. Conclusion. Further study of the role of gibberellins in the acquisition of stress resistance would contribute to the development of biotechnology of exogenous use of the hormone to improve growth and increase plant yields under adverse environmental conditions.

scholarly journals The role of universal regulators of plant growth and development the DELLA proteins in the control of symbiosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Aleksandra V. Dolgikh ◽  
Elena A. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Della Proteins ◽  
Secondary Messengers ◽  
External Signals

The regulators of the gibberellin response, the DELLA proteins, are universal participants of signaling pathways that coordinate the processes of plant growth and development. This regulation is provided by the integration of external effect, as well as internal signals, such as a level of phytohormones and secondary messengers. Since DELLA proteins are extremely sensitive to increasing or decreasing of the gibberellic acid (GA) endogenous level, their direct interaction with transcription factors modulates the activity of the latter, and, consequently, the level of expression of target genes in response to external signals causing changes in the level of GA. However, the molecular mechanisms of the effect of DELLA proteins on the development of symbiosis remain poorly understood. The review analyzes classical and modern data on the functioning of DELLA proteins in plants.

Physiological role of phenolic biostimulants isolated from brown seaweed Ecklonia maxima on plant growth and development

Planta ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 241 (6) ◽  
pp. 1313-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyemi O. Aremu ◽  
Nqobile A. Masondo ◽  
Kannan R. R. Rengasamy ◽  
Stephen O. Amoo ◽  
Jiří Gruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Ecklonia Maxima

Role of Nutrients in Plant Growth and Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preksha Shrivastav ◽  
Mrinalini Prasad ◽  
Teg Bahadur Singh ◽  
Arti Yadav ◽  
Deepika Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development

scholarly journals Auxins and Cytokinins—The Role of Subcellular Organization on Homeostasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Skalický ◽  
Martin Kubeš ◽  
Richard Napier ◽  
Ondřej Novák
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Master Regulators ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Structural Levels

Plant hormones are master regulators of plant growth and development. Better knowledge of their spatial signaling and homeostasis (transport and metabolism) on the lowest structural levels (cellular and subcellular) is therefore crucial to a better understanding of developmental processes in plants. Recent progress in phytohormone analysis at the cellular and subcellular levels has greatly improved the effectiveness of isolation protocols and the sensitivity of analytical methods. This review is mainly focused on homeostasis of two plant hormone groups, auxins and cytokinins. It will summarize and discuss their tissue- and cell-type specific distributions at the cellular and subcellular levels.

Transgenic potato plants reveal the indispensable role of cystathionine beta-lyase in plant growth and development

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Maimann ◽  
Cornelia Wagner ◽  
Oliver Kreft ◽  
Michaela Zeh ◽  
Lothar Willmitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Transgenic Potato ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Transgenic Potato Plants
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