scholarly journals Sowing time affecting the development of common bean cultivars in Lichinga, Province of Niassa, Mozambique

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-539
Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição Santana Carvalho ◽  
Adriano Stephan Nascente ◽  
Gilvan Ferreira Barbosa ◽  
Celso Américo Pedro Mutadiua ◽  
José Eloir Denardin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT The demonstration of yield potential of crops depends on genetic factors, favorable conditions of envi ronment, and management. The sowing time can significantly affect the common bean grain yield. The aim of this research was to study the behavior of Brazilian cultivars and sowing times on the yield components and grain yield of common bean grown in the environmental conditions of Lichinga, Province of Niassa, Mozambique. The field trial was performed for two growing seasons, using the experimental as a randomized block in factorial 5 × 3 × 2, with four replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of five common bean cultivars (BRS Pontal, BRS Agreste, Perola, and BRS Requinte, developed by Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), and a local variety, Encarnada) with three sowing dates (beginning of the rainy season, and 15 and 30 days after), during two growing seasons. The Brazilian cultivar of common beans BRS Pontal was the most productive in all sowing times, followed by BRS Agreste, which was not the most productive only in the second sowing time of 2013/2014 growing season. The cultivar Encarnada, from Mozambique, was the less productive cultivar in all sowing times and in all growing seasons. The best sowing time for common bean cultivars is in the beginning of the rainy season. The use of technologies such as use of seeds of new cultivars, proper sowing time, fertilization, and control of weeds allow significant increase of common bean grain yield in Lichinga, Mozambique.

scholarly journals Growth regulator and maize response to the increase in plant density

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucieli Santini Leolato ◽  
Luis Sangoi ◽  
Murilo Miguel Durli ◽  
Fernando Panison ◽  
Ramon Voss
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Maize Response

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of application of the growth regulator Trinexapac-ethyl on maize response to the increase in plant density at two sowing dates. A field experiment was carried out in the municipality of Lages, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. Two sowing dates (10/15 - preferential, and 12/5 - late), four plant densities (5, 7, 9, and 11 plants m-2), with and without Trinexapac-ethyl application, were tested. The growth regulator was sprayed at a rate of 150 g a.i. ha-1, when hybrid P30F53YH was at the V5 and V10 growth stages. The spraying of Trinexapac-ethyl decreased the stem length above the ear insertion node at both growing seasons. Grain yield ranged from 11,422 to 14,805 kg ha-1, and increased in a quadratic way with the increment in plant density. The highest yields were reached when maize was sown in October. The spraying of Trinexapac-ethyl did not affect grain yield, but decreased the 1,000 kernels mass at both sowing dates. The use of Trinexapac-ethyl does not enhance grain yield of maize hybrid P30F53YH at crowded stands in response to the densification, regardless of sowing time.

scholarly journals Performance of Pre Released Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Different Sowing Windows in Rabi Season

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
D. Anil ◽  
Sreedhar Siddi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Sowing Dates

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different sowing dates on growth and yield potential of pre released rice genotypes under irrigated conditions of Northern Telangana zone. The field experiments were carried out during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20, on clay soils of agricultural research station, Kunaram, Telangana state, India. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications. The treatments comprised of three sowing dates i.e. 20th November, 5th December and 20th December in horizontal factor and four genotypes i.e. KNM 733, RNR 15048, KNM 1638 and KNM 118 in vertical factor. Pooled data analysis results revealed that the different sowing dates and genotypes significant effect on all the studied growth and yield characters. The rice crop sown on 20th December recorded significantly  higher grain yield ( 8138 kg ha-1) and Among the genotypes, the short slender, short duration genotype KNM 733 recorded the recorded the maximum grain yield ( 8024 kg ha-1), which was on par with the other genotypes. The treatment combinations data results concluded that the, among the genotypes the genotype KNM 118 was recorded highest grain yield (8438 kg ha-1) when sowing was taken up on 20th December and followed by  the genotype KNM 733 with sown on 20th  November. In respect of economics of treatment combinations, the highest net returns (Rs.91,165 ha-1) and B:C (2.47)  ratio were obtained when rice crop was sown during 20th December with the  genotype KNM 118 and followed by sown on 20th November with the  genotype KNM 733.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and potassium fertilization increase common bean grain yield in Mozambique

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da C. S. Carvalho ◽  
Adriano S. Nascente ◽  
Gilvan B. Ferreira ◽  
Celso A. P. Mutadiua ◽  
José E. Denardin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
The Common ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

ABSTRACT There is little information about common bean fertilization in African Savannas. The objectives of this study were as follows: i) to evaluate the common bean yield potential in the environmental conditions of Lichinga, Niassa, Mozambique, and ii) to determine the common bean response to phosphorus and potassium fertilization applied together in order to verify whether the interpretation of soil analysis for the Brazilian Cerrado could be adopted for Savanna soils in Mozambique. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a 5 x 4 x 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments consisted of a combination of phosphorus doses (0, 35, 70, 140 and 280 kg ha-1 of P2O5), potassium doses (0, 50 100 and 200 kg ha-1 of K2O), and different growing seasons (2012/2013 and 2013/2014). The field rainfed experiments were conducted in Lichinga city, province of Niassa. Common bean crops presented high productivity potential in rainfed systems in the environmental conditions of Lichinga, Niassa, Mozambique, reaching grain yields of up to 3,600 kg ha-1 depending on the rates of fertilization with phosphorus and potassium. Common beans responded to phosphorus and potassium fertilization despite high contents of these nutrients in the soil, according to the interpretation of soil analysis for the Brazilian Cerrado. Maximum grain yield in the average of two growing seasons was estimated to occur for 239 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 141 kg ha-1 of K2O, indicating that further calibration studies for P and K are required for this specific region of Mozambique.

Effects of different sowing times on leaf scald and yield components of spring barley under dryland conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Kavak
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
And Control

The effect of sowing date on severity of scald and yield components of barley was studied over 2 years, using 15-day intervals between sowing dates under dryland conditions in Turkey. Disease severity was greatest at the first sowing time, and it decreased linearly at subsequent sowing times in both years. Disease did not develop on flag and second leaves for the third sowing date, and was not observed on any leaf after the fourth and fifth dates of sowing in 2000 and 2001, respectively. After the third sowing date, a decrease in total grain yield and yield components, number of ears per plant, grains per head, and plant height was observed in both infected and control plots. Yield was also reduced by scald and resulted in total grain yield reductions of 10.1% and 6.0% for the first and second sowing dates in 2000, and 16.2%, 9.2%, and 3.0% on the first 3 sowing dates in 2001, respectively. At the first 2 sowing dates only ears per plant was decreased by scald, with respective reductions of 8.3% and 4.4% in 2000, and 14.3% and 8.5% in 2001, when compared with the control plots.

scholarly journals Impact of Sowing Time on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Biomass Accumulation and Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Mark F. Richards ◽  
Lancelot Maphosa ◽  
Aaron L. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
One Year

Chickpea growth, development and grain yield are affected by a range of climatic and environmental factors. Experiments were conducted across four sowing dates from mid-April to the end of May, over two years at Trangie in central western New South Wales (NSW), and Leeton, Wagga Wagga and Yanco (one year) in southern NSW, to examine the influence of sowing time on biomass accumulation, grain yield and plant yield components. Climatic and experimental location data were recorded during the growing seasons. Early sowing (mid-April) resulted in taller plants, higher bottom and top pod heights, fewer pods, more unfilled pods and greater biomass accumulation, but low harvest index due to reduced grain yield compared with late sowing (end of May). Grain number was positively correlated with grain yield and was the main yield component accounting for most of the variation in yield. There was largely a positive correlation between biomass and yield, especially with delayed sowing except for Leeton experiments. This study concludes that sowing around the end of April in central western NSW and mid-May in southern NSW is conducive to higher grain yield as it minimises exposure to abiotic stresses at critical growth periods and allows efficient conversion of biomass to grain yield.

scholarly journals Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros) interference and seed production as affected by sowing time and crop density in winter wheat

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Javaid Akhter ◽  
Per Kudsk ◽  
Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen ◽  
Bo Melander
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Field experiments were conducted in the growing seasons of 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019 to evaluate the competitive effects of rattail fescue [Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.] in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and to assess whether delayed crop sowing and increased crop density influence the emergence, competitiveness, and fecundity of V. myuros. Cumulative emergence showed the potential of V. myuros to emerge rapidly and under a wide range of climatic conditions with no effect of crop density and variable effects of sowing time between the two experiments. Grain yield and yield components were negatively affected by increasing V. myuros density. The relationship between grain yield and V. myuros density was not influenced by sowing time or by crop density, but crop–weed competition was strongly influenced by growing conditions. Due to very different weather conditions, grain yield reductions were lower in the growing season of 2017 to 2018 than in 2018 to 2019, with maximum grain yield losses of 22% and 50% in the two growing seasons, respectively. The yield components, number of crop ears per square meter, and 1,000-kernel weight were affected almost equally, reflecting that V. myuros’s competition with winter wheat occurred both early and late in the growing season. Seed production of V. myuros was suppressed by delaying sowing and increasing crop density. The impacts of delayed sowing and increasing crop density on seed production of V. myuros highlight the potential of these cultural weed control tactics in the long-term management programs of this species.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing time on growth and yield attributes of three mustard cultivars grown in Tidal Floodplain of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
MAR Sharif ◽  
MZ Haque ◽  
MHK Howlader ◽  
MJ Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of the Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh during the period from November, 2011 to March 2012 under the tidal Floodplain region to find out optimum sowing time for the selected three cultivars (BARI Sharisha-15, BINA Sharisha-5 and BARI Sharisha-9). There were four sowing dates viz. 30 November, 15 December, 30 December and 15 January. Significant variations due to different sowing dates were observed in plant height, total dry matter, leaf area index, number of siliqua plant-1, seeds silique-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and HI. Results showed that the highest grain yield (1.73 t ha-1) was obtained from the first sowing (30 November) with BINA Sharisha-5 and it was significantly different from the yields of all other combination.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 155-160, December 2016

scholarly journals Early generation selection strategy for yield and yield components in white oat

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Benin ◽  
Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽  
Antônio Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Claudir Lorencetti ◽  
Igor Pires Valério ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Selection For

Several studies have searched for higher efficiency on plant selection in generations bearing high frequency of heterozygotes. This work aims to compare the response of direct selection for grain yield, indirect selection through average grain weight and combined selection for higher yield potential and average grain weight of oat plants (Avena sativa L.), using the honeycomb breeding method. These strategies were applied in the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in F3 and F4 populations, respectively, in the crosses UPF 18 CTC 5, OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 7 and OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 18. The ten best genetic combinations obtained for each cross and selection strategy were evaluated in greenhouse yield trials. Selection of plants with higher yield and average grain weight might be performed on early generations with high levels of heterozygosis. The direct selection for grain yield and indirect selection for average grain weight enabled to increase the average of characters under selection. However, genotypes obtained through direct selection presented lower average grain weight and those obtained through the indirect selection presented lower yield potential. Selection strategies must be run simultaneously to combine in only one genotype high yield potential and large grain weight, enabling maximum genetic gain for both characters.

scholarly journals Performance of Wheat as Affected by Different Irrigation Levels and Sowing Dates

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Md Sohel Mahmud ◽  
Md Jafar Ullah ◽  
Md Abdullahil Baque ◽  
Lutfun Naher ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Plot Design

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of irrigations and sowing dates on growth and yield performance of wheat in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of November 18, 2012 to March 30, 2013. The experiment was comprised of two factors, viz. factor A: two irrigations namely irrigation (I) and no irrigation i.e. control (I0), and factor B: three sowing dates such as S1: 1st sowing on 18 November, S2: 2nd sowing on 03 December and S3: 3rd sowing on 18 December. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Irrigation was assigned in the main plot, while sowing time was in the sub-plots. Data on grain yield and different yield contributing characters were taken after harvest. Results indicated that the highest grain yield was obtained with I (2.915 t ha-1) and S1 (2.983 t ha-1). The interaction of irrigation (I) and sowing on 18 November (S1) showed the maximum yield (3.387t ha-1), spike length (17.08 cm), 1000 grain weight (43.4 g), spikelets spike-1 (20.03) and grain spike-1 (65.58) of wheat.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(2) 77-85

Evaluation of Chemical Termination Options for Cover Crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus G. Palhano ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Tom Barber
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Crop Acreage ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
Legume Cover Crops ◽  
And Control

AbstractCover crop acreage has substantially increased over the last few years due to the intent of growers to capitalize on federal conservation payments and incorporate sustainable practices into agricultural systems. Despite all the known benefits, widespread adoption of cover crops still remains limited due to potential cost and management requirements. Cover crop termination is crucial, because a poorly controlled cover crop can become a weed and lessen the yield potential of the current cash crop. A field study was conducted in fall 2015 and 2016 at the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville to evaluate preplant herbicide options for terminating cover crops. Glyphosate-containing treatments controlled 97% to 100% of cereal rye and wheat, but glyphosate alone controlled less than 57% of legume cover crops. The most effective way to control hairy vetch, Austrian winterpea, and crimson clover with glyphosate resulted from mixtures of glyphosate with glufosinate, 2,4-D, and dicamba. Higher rates of auxin herbicides improved control in these mixtures. Glufosinate alone or in mixture controlled legume cover crops 81% or more. Paraquat plus metribuzin was effective in terminating both cereal and legume cover crops, with control of cereal cover crops ranging from 87% to 97% and control of legumes ranging from 90% to 96%. None of these herbicides or mixtures adequately controlled rapeseed.

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