scholarly journals Antibacterial Efficacy of Synthetic and Natural-Derived Novel Endodontic Irrigant Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Tais Soligo ◽  
Ediléia Lodi ◽  
Ana Paula Farina ◽  
Matheus Albino Souza ◽  
Cristina de Mattos Pimenta Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of grape seed extract (GSE), calcium hypochlorite [Ca(ClO)2], and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigant solutions with rotary or reciprocating instrumentation for disinfection of root canals inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. The mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular molars were prepared and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days. The roots were then randomly divided into the following eight experimental groups (n=11) according to the instrumentation technique and disinfection protocol: ProTaper Next or Reciproc R25 with sodium chloride (control group), 6% NaOCl, 6% Ca(ClO)2, or 50% GSE used for irrigation during instrumentation. The antimicrobial activity was determined on the basis of a reduction in colony-forming units (CFUs) counted on bacterial samples collected before and after root canal instrumentation and expressed as a percentage of reduction. Data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc tests (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in bacterial reduction between the ProTaper Next and Reciproc R25 systems (p>0.05), regardless of the irrigant solution used. Furthermore, all active solutions (6% NaOCl, 50% GSE, and 6% Ca(ClO)2) showed similar potential to reduce bacterial counts (p>0.05) and were significantly more effective than sodium chloride (control) (p<0.05). The results suggest that the GSE and Ca(ClO)2 have potential clinical application as irrigant solutions in endodontic therapy since they present bactericidal efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis.

scholarly journals Bacterial removal in flattened root canals with different tapers of ProDesign Logic single-file system

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e5910917701
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sandini ◽  
Viviane Godoy ◽  
Marina Carvalho Prado ◽  
Ricardo Ferreira ◽  
Adriana De-Jesus-Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Bacterial Removal ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: This study evaluated the bacterial removal in flattened root canals after preparation with different tapers of ProDesign Logic instruments. Methodology: Fifty-five mandibular incisors with flattened root canals were contaminated with a pure culture of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 for 21 days at 37ºC. Root canals preparation was performed using ProDesign Logic and 0.9% sterile saline solution for irrigation. The specimens were randomly allocated to three experimental groups (n = 15) according to the taper of the instrument used: 25.03, 25.04, or 25.06. Intracanal bacteriological samples were taken before (S1) and after (S2) preparation and the number of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) was calculated. Differences in bacterial counts before and after treatment, within each group, were analyzed by the paired t-test. Groups were compared by ANOVA with a post hoc test. The level of significance was set at p <0.05. Results: Mature biofilm formation was confirmed at root canal walls by scanning electron microscopy. Bacterial colonies were significantly reduced in all experimental groups at S2 compared to S1 (p <0.001). No significant difference was observed between groups regarding the percentage of bacterial reduction (p >0.05). Conclusion: Preparation of flattened root canals using ProDesign Logic instruments with tapers of 0.03, 0.04 and 0.06 resulted in similar planktonic and bacterial biofilm reduction. None of the instruments rendered root canals completely free of bacteria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial efficiency of photodynamic therapy with different irradiation durations

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cihan Yildirim ◽  
Emine Sirin Karaarslan ◽  
Semih Ozsevik ◽  
Yasemin Zer ◽  
Tugrul Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of PDT and the effect of different irradiation durations on the antimicrobial efficiency of PDT. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted human teeth with a single root were decoronated and distributed into five groups. The control group received no treatment. Group 1 was treated with a 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with methylene-blue photosensitizer and 660-nm diode laser irradiation for 1, 2, and 4 min, respectively. The root canals were instrumented and irrigated with NaOCl, ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, and a saline solution, followed by autoclaving. All the roots were inoculated with an Enterococcus faecalis suspension and brain heart infusion broth and stored for 21 days to allow biofilm formation. Microbiological data on microorganism load were collected before and after the disinfection procedures and analyzed with the Wilcoxon ranged test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Dunn′s test. Results: The microorganism load in the control group increased. The lowest reduction in the microorganism load was observed in the 1-min irradiation group (Group 2 = 99.8%), which was very close to the results of the other experimental groups (99.9%). There were no significant differences among the groups. Conclusions: PDT is as effective as conventional 5% NaOCl irrigation with regard to antimicrobial efficiency against Enterococcus faecalis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the WaveOne Gold and One Shape New Generation in Reducing Enterococcus faecalis from Root Canal

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Esmeralda Guillén ◽  
Cleber Keiti Nabeshima ◽  
Hector Caballero-Flores ◽  
Miguel Roig Cayón ◽  
Montse Mercadé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single File ◽  
Bacterial Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
New Generation

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the WaveOne Gold and One Shape New Generation systems regarding the bacterial removal from root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis by comparing them to the conventional WaveOne and One Shape systems. Forty-eight distobuccal root canals of maxillary molars sterilized with ethylene oxide were infected with E. faecalis for 21 days, and then root canal initial bacterial sample was collected with paper cones and plated on M-enterococcus agar. The specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the instrumentation: WaveOne Gold, One Shape New Generation, WaveOne and One Shape. After instrumentation, samples were collected with use of scraping and paper cones at immediate and 7 days after instrumentation. The bacterial reduction was calculated and then made intragroup analysis by Friedman test and intergroup analysis by Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test, all at 5% significance. All techniques significantly reduced the number of bacteria in the root canal (p<0.05). WaveOne Gold and One Shape New Generation promoted higher bacterial reduction than WaveOne and One Shape systems (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found between WaveOne Gold and One Shape New Generation or between WaveOne and One Shape (p>0.05). Novel single-file systems promote better bacterial removal than the conventional single-file systems.

scholarly journals Application of XP-Endo finisher files in the reduction of microbial load in oval-shaped root canals - An ex vivo study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Dornelas Mantovani ◽  
Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes ◽  
Lidiane Mendes Louzada ◽  
Rodrigo Arruda Vasconcelos ◽  
Maria Cristina Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Microbial Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Cleaning Efficacy ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF) associated with XP-Endo Shaper (XPS) or Reciproc Blue (RB) files in the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in oval-shaped root canals. Eighty mandibular incisors with single oval-shaped root canals were contaminated with E. faecalis for 10 days at 37°C with centrifugation on alternate days. The teeth were randomly assigned to eight experimental groups (n=10) as follows: G1 – XP-Endo Shaper, G2 – XP-Endo Shaper + XP-Endo Finisher, G3 – Reciproc Blue, and G4 – Reciproc Blue + XP-Endo Finisher. Chemomechanical preparation was performed with saline solution (NaCl) or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Microbial reduction was assessed by colony forming units (CFU/mL) count before (S1) and after (S2) CMP by using sterile paper points. ANOVA, Tukey’s test and Bonferroni’s post-hoc tests were used at 5% significance level. Bacteria were present in all initial samples (P>.05). All instrumentation techniques reduced bacteria, irrespective of the irrigating solution (P<.05). With the use of NaCl, Reciproc Blue was more effective than XP-Endo Shaper (P=.035). The association of XP-Endo Finisher improved the cleaning efficacy of both systems (P=.239). With the use of NaOCl, XP-Endo Shaper and Reciproc Blue presented similar effectiveness (P=.779). XP-Endo Finisher enhanced the bacterial reduction of both systems tested (P<.05). The use of NaOCl improved the CMP, irrespective of the instrumentation technique used (P<.05).

The Effectiveness of Three Instrumentation Techniques on the Elimination of Entererococcus Faecalis from a Root Canal: An In Vitro Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Çolak ◽  
Sinan Evcil ◽  
Y. Ziya Bayindir ◽  
Nimet Yigit
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Before And After

Abstract The in vitro reduction of a bacterial population in a root canal by mechanical instrumentation using three techniques was evaluated. Root canals inoculated with a Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) suspension were instrumented using hand Hedstroem files, Giromatic files, and Hero 642 rotary instruments. Irrigation was performed using sterile saline solution. Root canals were sampled before and after instrumentation. After serial dilutions, samples were plated onto Mitis-Salivarius agar and the colony forming units grown were counted. All instruments tested were able to significantly reduce the number of bacterial cells in the root canal, however, the results of this study indicated that Hedstroem files, Giromatic, and Hero 642 techniques were not significantly different in their ability to reduce intracanal bacteria. Citation Colak M, Evcil S, Bayindir Y, Yigit N. The Effectiveness of Three Instrumentation Techniques on the Elimination of Enterococcus Faecalis from a Root Canal: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:094-106.

scholarly journals Ex-vivo Effect of Intracanal Medications Based on Ozone and Calcium Hydroxide in Root Canals Contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Vieira Farac ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pizzolitto ◽  
Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru ◽  
Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽  
Regina Karla de Pontes Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Colony Forming Units

This ex vivo study evaluated the antibacterial effect of intracanal medications in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. Fifty single-rooted human teeth were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated at 37°C for 21 days. The specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the intracanal medication used: OZ-PG: ozonized propylene glycol; CH/CPMC: calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol; OZ-PG/CH ozonized PG/CH; PC: positive control group (no medication); and NC: negative control group (no contamination). The samples were collected after 7 days (post-medication) and 14 days (final). Bacterial growth was checked by counting the colony-forming units (CFU). OZ-PG and CH/CPMC reduced significantly the CFU counts compared with PC in the post-medication and final samples, with no statistically significant differences among them. On the other hand, OZ-PG/CH did not reduce significantly the number of bacteria compared with PC. In conclusion, among the evaluated medications OZ-PG and CH/CPMC were the most effective against E. faecalis.

scholarly journals Biomechanical properties of the bone during implant placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám László Nagy ◽  
Zsolt Tóth ◽  
Tamás Tarjányi ◽  
Nándor Tamás Práger ◽  
Zoltán Lajos Baráth
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Bone Model ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background In this research the biomechanical properties of a bone model was examined. Porcine ribs are used as experimental model. The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of the bone model before and after implant placement. Methods The bone samples were divided in three groups, Group 1 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling and placing the implants, Group 2 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling, and implants were not placed, and Group 3 consisting of intact bones served as a control group. Static and dynamic loading was applied for examining the model samples. Kruskal–Wallis statistical test and as a post-hoc test Mann–Whitney U test was performed to analyze experimental results. Results According to the results of the static loading, there was no significant difference between the implanted and original ribs, however, the toughness values of the bones decreased largely on account of predrilling the bones. The analysis of dynamic fatigue measurements by Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences between the intact and predrilled bones. Conclusion The pre-drilled bone was much weaker in both static and dynamic tests than the natural or implanted specimens. According to the results of the dynamic tests and after a certain loading cycle the implanted samples behaved the same way as the control samples, which suggests that implantation have stabilized the skeletal bone structure.

scholarly journals Effects of Adding Small Combat Games to Regular Taekwondo Training on Physiological and Performance Outcomes in Male Young Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ouergui ◽  
Emerson Franchini ◽  
Hamdi Messaoudi ◽  
Hamdi Chtourou ◽  
Anissa Bouassida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc

This study investigated the effect of area sizes (4 × 4, 6 × 6, and 8 × 8 m) and effort-pause ratios (free combat vs. 1:2) variation on the physiological and perceptive responses during taekwondo combats (Study 1). In a second study, the effects on physical performance of 8 weeks of small combat-based training added to regular taekwondo training were investigated (Study 2). In random order, 32 male taekwondo athletes performed six (i.e., two effort-to-pause ratios × three area sizes conditions) different 2-min taekwondo combats (Study 1). Thereafter (Study 2), they were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (4 × 4, 6 × 6, and 8 × 8 m) and an active control group (CG). Regarding Study 1, blood lactate concentration [La] before and after each combat, mean heart rate (HRmean) during each combat, and rating of perceived exertion (CR-10) immediately after each combat were assessed. Regarding Study 2, progressive specific taekwondo (PSTT) to estimate maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), taekwondo-specific agility, and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were administered before and after 8 weeks of training. Study 1 results showed that 4 × 4 m elicited lower HRmean values compared with 6 × 6 m (d = −0.42 [small], p = 0.030) and free combat induced higher values compared with the 1:2 ratio (d = 1.71 [large], p &lt; 0.001). For [La]post, 4 × 4 m area size induced higher values than 6 × 6 m (d = 0.99 [moderate], p &lt; 0.001) and 8 × 8 m (d = 0.89 [moderate], p &lt; 0.001) and free combat induced higher values than 1:2 ratio (d = 0.69 [moderate], p &lt; 0.001). Higher CR-10 scores were registered after free combat compared with 1:2 ratio (d = 0.44 [small], p = 0.007). For Study 2, VO2max increased after training [F(1, 56) =30.532, p &lt; 0.001; post-hoc: d = 1.27 [large], p &lt; 0.001] with higher values for 4 × 4 m compared with CG (d = 1.15 [moderate], p = 0.009). Agility performance improved after training [F(1, 56) = 4.419, p = 0.04; post-hoc: d = −0.46 [small], p = 0.04] and 4 × 4 m induced lower values in comparison with 6 × 6 m (d = −1.56 [large], p = 0.001) and CG (d = −0.77 [moderate], p = 0.049). No training type influenced CMJ performance. Smaller area size elicited contrasting results in terms of metabolic demand compared with larger sizes (i.e., lower HRmean but higher [La] and CR-10), whereas free combat induced variables' consistently higher values compared with imposed 1:2 ratio (Study 1). Taekwondo training is effective to improve VO2max and agility (Study 2), but small combat training modality should be investigated further.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of grape seed extract-based intracanal dressings against Enterococcus Faecalis and its influence on dentin microhardness and bond strength of filling material

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Albino Souza ◽  
Daniel De Lima Dalla Lana ◽  
Amália Pletsch ◽  
Huriel Scartazzini Palhano ◽  
Juliane Bervian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of grape seed extract (GSE)-based intracanal dressings against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and its influence on dentin microhardness and bond strength of the filling material. The root canals of 126 human teeth were distributed into three test groups: antimicrobial activity (60 teeth), dentin microhardness (30 teeth) and bond strength (36 teeth). In all three groups, specimens were subdivided into six groups, according to intracanal dressing protocols: G1 – distilled water (DW); G2 – 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX); G3 – calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2)+DW; G4 – GSE+DW; G5 – Ca(OH)2+CHX; G6 – GSE+CHX. The counting of colony-forming units (CFUs), the Vickers microhardness tester and the push-out test were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, dentin microhardness and bond strength, respectively. Specific statistical analysis was performed for each evaluation (α=5%). The greatest bacterial reduction was observed in G5 (Ca[OH]2+CHX) and G6 (GSE+CHX) (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among groups in the dentin microhardness evaluation (p<0.05). The highest bond strength in the immediate evaluation was observed in G4 (GSE+DW) and G6 (GSE+CHX), whereas the highest bond strength after 12 months of storage was observed in G2 (CHX), G3 (Ca[OH]2+DW), G4 (GSE+DW), and G6 (GSE+CHX) (p<0.05). After the storage period, bond strength was increased in G2 (CHX) and G3 (Ca[OH]2+DW), and remained unchanged in G4 (GSE+DW) and G6 (GSE+CHX) (p<0.05). GSE-based intracanal dressings have antimicrobial potential against E. faecalis, have no influence in dentin microhardness and preserve the high bond strength of filling materials for root dentin over time.

scholarly journals EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Enterococcus faecalis SECARA IN-VITRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Cut Soraya ◽  
Sunnati ◽  
Fenny Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Banda Aceh

Perawatan saluran akar adalah perawatan yang dilakukan untuk mempertahankan gigi agar dapatberfungsi di lengkung gigi selama mungkin. Penyebab dominan dari kegagalan perawatan endodontikadalah adanya bakteri di dalam saluran akar. Bakteri yang paling sering ditemukan pada isolasi darigigi yang mengalami kegagalan perawatan saluran akar adalah Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis).Salah satu jenis tanaman herbal yang memiliki sifat antibakteri yang tinggi adalah tanaman mimba(A.indica). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba (A.indica)terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorisdengan desain penelitian true experimental posttest only control group. Penelitian dilalukan denganmenguji ekstrak daun mimba (A.indica) pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100%terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas KedokteranHewan (FKH) Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Hasil uji fitokimia yang dilakukan menunjukkanbahwa ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica) positif mengandung triterpenoid, phenolic compound, tanin,steroid dan saponin yang berperan sebagai antibakteri. Hasil uji efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba(A. indica) menunjukkan adanya pembentukan zona hambat di sekitar kertas cakram pada setiapkonsentrasi. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun mimba memiliki efek antibakteri yangmemiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Uji statistik digunakanmenggunakan one way ANOVA. Kemudian dilakukan uji lanjut (Post hoc test) menggunakan LeastSignificant Difference untuk menganalisis perbedaan efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica)dalam konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100% terhadap pertumbuhan E.faecalis.Kesimpulan penelitian ini ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica) berpotensi menghambatpertumbuhan E. faecalis.Kata Kunci: Azadirachta indica, Enterococcus faecalis, perawatan saluran akar.

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