scholarly journals BIOMEDICINE ON HORMONE MEDIATION OF SPORTS IN ADOLESCENT HEIGHT DEVELOPMENT

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Lulu Gao ◽  
Jian Tian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Load Prediction ◽  
Quiet Time ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Load

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise is an important factor in regulating energy balance and body composition. Exercise itself is a kind of body stress. It involves the central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and other systems. Sports have various effects on the hormones in adolescent height development. Objective: This article analyzes the effects of different time and load exercise training on the levels of serum testosterone, free testosterone, and cortisol in young athletes. Methods: The athletes’ blood samples were collected at the quiet time in the morning before each experiment, immediately after exercise, and at three time intervals the next morning. Then blood testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), and corticosteroids (C) were measured. Results: One-time and one-day high-volume training can cause a decrease in serum testosterone and free testosterone levels and an increase in cortisol hormones in young athletes. The testosterone level of young athletes rises immediately after exercise. Conclusion: Hormonal changes after physical exercise provide a scientific basis for athlete exercise load prediction and exercise plan formulation. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Effects of endurance training on hormonal responses to prolonged physical exercise in males

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi J Vasankari ◽  
Urho M Kujala ◽  
Olli J Heinonen ◽  
Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Significant Trial ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Prolonged Physical Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On The Road

The effect of several years' endurance training on hormonal changes during acute prolonged physical exercise was studied. In trial I, 13 cross-country skiers were studied before and after a 75-km ski race and 3 weeks later on a control day. In trial II, 10 trained and 8 untrained subjects bicycled for 4 h on the road with as high a performance level as possible. Venous blood samples were taken in both trials before and after the exercise. In trial I, serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (p<0.01) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, p <0.001) decreased more from morning to afternoon samples, and cortisol (p <0.001) and growth hormone (GH, p <0.001) increased more during the ski race when compared to the control day. Serum testosterone decreased during the ski race (p <0.01) but not on the control day. In trial II, a group difference was seen in serum FSH levels which was higher in the trained than untrained subjects at all three time points (F =4.66, p=0.046). A significant trial-group interaction (p =0.020) was seen in GH, the GH being lower before exercise and higher 2 h after exercise in the untrained subjects. There was a significant group contrast between pre- and post-exercise samples in testosterone (p = 0.021) and cortisol (p = 0.022). In conclusion, the higher basal FSH concentration in the trained versus untrained subjects may be a sign of compensated hypogonadism due to intensive chronic training or it may be due to dysfunction of Sertoli cells. Signs of adaptation to resist the hormonal changes caused by acute physical exercise can be seen in the trained subjects when compared to the untrained subjects.

MEDICAL EFFECT OF SPORTS ON IMPROVING THE MAXIMUM OXYGEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-743
Author(s):  
Hua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ketone Body ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Load ◽  
Arterial Blood

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maximum oxygen uptake is an effective indicator of the level of human cardiopulmonary function and aerobic work capacity. Observing the effects of aerobic training and formulating scientific training plans are of considerable value. Objective: To observe the effect of physical exercise on the human body's maximum oxygen uptake and arterial blood ketone body ratio. Methods: Before and after 4 weeks of physical exercise, the maximum oxygen uptake, blood lactic acid and heart rate changes, and ketone body content in the incremental load exercise experiment was measured in the human body. Results: The subjects’ maximum oxygen uptake, maximum exercise load, heart rate, and blood lactic acid levels increased significantly after physical exercise. Conclusion: The human body's maximum oxygen uptake is enhanced under sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF BODY LOAD IN PHYSICAL TRAINING FOR FOOTBALL PLAYERS

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yanwen Lu ◽  
Dong Liang ◽  
Liu Han ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Load ◽  
Athletic Ability ◽  
Body Load ◽  
Football Training

ABSTRACT Introduction: Overtraining in football is caused by an imbalance between body load, stress, and recovery. High-volume non-scientific physical training and continuous high-intensity football matches are often the main reasons for the overtraining of athletes. Objective: This article explores the characteristics of the changes in physical function of football players during a complete training cycle. Methods: We use experimental methods to analyze the changes in the physical load characteristics of football players during high-intensity training. Results: Creatine kinase, urea nitrogen, and oxygen transport indicators did not change significantly during football training. Testosterone and cortisol will gradually increase with an increase of exercise load. Conclusion: In football training, we need to reasonably arrange the total exercise volume, exercise intensity, and exercise interval time of the athletes according to the trainer’s physical adaptability and athletic ability, supplemented with nutrition and enthusiasm recovery measures. These methods can improve or enhance the physical function of football players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF PASSIVE TOBACCO EXPOSURE AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON BONE TISSUE OF YOUNG RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Celi Trindade Camargo ◽  
Regiane Rocha Costalonga ◽  
Mário Jefferson Quirino Louzada ◽  
Rômulo Araújo Fernandes ◽  
José Carlos Silva Camargo Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Passive Smoker ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of passive smoking during pregnancy and associated with swimming on bone area growth, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (BMC). Methods: The offspring was grouped by control matrices (G1) and passive smokers (G2). The offspring was regrouped in eight subgroups, with exposure to smoking (2x/day) and physical exercise (1 session/day), respecting the group of matrices in: sedentary control (G1CS and G2CS), swimming control (G1CN and G2CN), sedentary passive smoker (G1FS and G2FS), and passive smoker swimmer (G1FN and G2FN). The area, BMD and BMC were measured by the tibia and femur and analyzed by densitometer. The results were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA test with Tukey post-test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: In the tibia BMC study, a better rate was observed in G2CN group when compared to G1CS, G1CN and G1FN (p ≤ 0.023). When assessing BMD in the femur, a higher density ratio was observed in G1FS group when compared to G2CS, G2CN, G2FS and G2FN (p<0.008). In the tibia study, the animals of the G1FS group had higher rates when compared to G2CS and G2FN groups (p≤0.007). Conclusions: The model of male offspring exposed to passive smoking during fetal development showed a strong decrease in the analyzed parameters. Level of Evidence I, Randomized High Quality Clinical Trial With or Without Statistically Significant Difference, But Narrow Confidence Intervals.

The frequency of late-onset 21-hydroxylase and 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

1997 ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Sahin ◽  
F Kelestimur
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Biochemical Features

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of late-onset adrenal hyperplasia (LOCAH) due to 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) and 11 beta-hydroxylase (11 beta-OH) deficiency in women with clinical and biochemical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Eighty-three consecutively selected women with PCOS and eighteen normal women were included in the study. METHODS: Ultrasound, clinical and hormonal parameters were used to define PCOS. Basal FSH, LH, testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and cortisol levels were measured. Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and 11-deoxycortisol (11-DOC) levels were also measured before, 30 and 60 min after a single bolus injection of 0.25 mg ACTH (1-24) at 0900 h during the mid-follicular phase of the cycle. ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP levels > 30 nmol/l were considered as the criteria of 21-OH deficiency. The diagnosis 11 beta-OH deficiency was made if the adrenal 11-DOC response to ACTH stimulation exceeded threefold the 95th percentile of controls. RESULTS: Basal serum testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA-S, cortisol and 11-DOC levels were significantly higher in PCOS than in control subjects. ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP (P < 0.05) and 11-DOC (P < 0.0005) levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with PCOS than in controls. Seven (8.4%) patients had an 11-DOC response to ACTH higher than threefold the 95th percentile of controls, while no patients showed evidence of 21-OH deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that 8.4% of the women with clinical and biochemical features of PCOS could be presumed to have 11 beta-OH deficiency. No patients among the women with PCOS showed evidence of 21-OH deficiency. 11 beta-OH deficiency is unexpectedly more common than 21-OH deficiency in women with PCOS.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE DEPENDENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Almedina Numanović ◽  
Željko Mladenović ◽  
Vladimir Janjić ◽  
Branimir Radmanović
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Body Dysmorphia ◽  
Status Number ◽  
The Law

ABSTRACT Introduction: Excessive physical exercise combined with certain psychic and sociodemographic factors can lead to dependence. Objective: To examine which factors lead to the emergence of exercise dependence. Methods: Sample consisted of 103 men (mean age 27.3 years, SD 6.127) who performed exercises at gyms at least three times a week in the last year or more in Novi Pazar, Sjenica, Raska and Tutin, Serbia. Participants completed questionnaires and took appropriate tests. Results: Our results showed that there is no association between exercise dependence and financial status, number of siblings, level of education, family stability, health, and medication use among the interviewees. However, it was found that the degree of exercise dependence is associated with marital status and problems with the law. Regression analysis showed that body dysmorphia, body mass index and aggressiveness are better predictors of exercise dependence. Conclusion: People whose self-perception is dismorphic have lower self-esteem, and exercise in gyms to improve their physical appearance. If we consider other characteristics, such as unfavorable BMI, problems with the lаw and being single, it is hardly surprising these individuals cross the line between healthy exercise and exercise dependence. An important finding is that aggressiveness and exercise dependence are related to problems with the law due to aggression, and body dysmorphia. Level of Evidence; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON THE RECOVERY OF OBESITY MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 783-785
Author(s):  
Mian Wang ◽  
Fan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Physical Functions

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myocardial infarction caused by human obesity can cause a decline in mobility and a decline in the quality of a healthy life. Sports training is beneficial to maintain early physical functions after myocardial infarction. Objective: This article deals with the effect of applying walking aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with myocardial infarction in the early exercise group and 90 patients in the control group. The control group received the routine nursing intervention, and the early exercise group received early physical exercise rehabilitation therapy. Results: The actual quality of life of the early exercise group was higher than that of the control group. The incidence of cardiovascular adverse events was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise therapy used in acute myocardial infarction can reduce adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals THE CLINICAL TREATMENT OF SPORTS TO RELIEVE THE DIFFICULTY OF FALLING ASLEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-832
Author(s):  
Jing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Health Objective

ABSTRACT Introduction: Difficulty falling asleep is connected to the malfunctioning of the sleep and wakefulness mechanism of the human body caused by various reasons. There are a series of adverse reactions resulting from abnormal or poor quality of sleep during sleep per se. This symptom severely affects an individual's physical condition and mental health. Objective: To explore the effect of physical exercise on patients with difficulty falling asleep. Methods: Mathematical statistics were used to analyze 60 patients with difficulty falling asleep. We divided the patients into a sports group and a control group. The patients in the sports group took sports training, while the control group did not. After two weeks of intervention and comparison, we used mathematical statistics to evaluate the groups’ cognitive function. Results: After physical exercise, the patient's sleep quality was higher and sleep disorders were reduced. Conclusion: Physical activity is a simple and popular way of exercising. It is effective in improving the cognitive function of patients with difficulty falling asleep. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO IMPROVE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL INDEX OF CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 773-775
Author(s):  
Mei Qin ◽  
Cunshan Peng ◽  
Qingke Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Contractility Of The Heart

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise can enhance the body's ability to adapt to the external environment and improve the contractility of the heart. At the same time, it can help improve blood circulation and increase lung capacity. Objective: This article explores the critical role of sports in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: This article conducts tests on related physiological indicators such as hemodynamic rheology for students who regularly participate in physical exercise and those who do not participate in physical exercise. Results: Students who exercise regularly and those who do not exercise mobilize faster cardiovascular function at the beginning of work. This shows good adaptability to sports. Conclusion: The use of fitness exercise prescription by students who exercise comprehensively has the most pronounced effect on improving vascular function. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

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