scholarly journals Effects of Pasturella Multocida B:2 and its immunogens (LPS and OMP) on reproductive hormones in Nili-Ravi Buffaloes

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zaman ◽  
N. Roohi ◽  
M. Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Agriculture Industry

Abstract Livestock is a fundamental part of the agriculture industry in Pakistan and contributes more than 11.53% to GDP. Among livestock species, the buffaloes are regarded as the black gold of Pakistan. Being the highest milk producers globally, Nili-Ravi buffaloes are the most famous ones. Buffaloes are affected by many endemic diseases, and "Hemorrhagic septicemia" (HS) is one of them. This study was designed to ascertain the effects of experimental exposure ofP. multocida B:2 (oral) and its immunogens, i.e., LPS (oral and intravenous) and OMP (oral and subcutaneous) on reproductive hormonal profiles in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Repeated serum samples were collected from the jugular vein of experimental animals for 21 days (0, 02, 04, 08, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 72, 120, 168, 216, 264, 360, 456 and 504 hours). Hormonal assays to determine the serum concentrations of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) were performed using (MyBioSource) commercial Elisa kits. The hormonal profile of all treatment groups of the buffalo heifers exhibited significant (P<0.05) variations as compared to the control group (G-1). These results indicate suppression in Nili-Ravi buffaloes' reproductive hormonal profile on exposure to P. multocida B:2 and its immunogens. This influence warrants that exposure to H.S may be a possible reason for delayed puberty and poor reproduction performance in Nili-Ravi buffaloes.

scholarly journals Effect of Ferula communis L. on reproductive parameters in Awassi ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
A.G. ONAL
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Follicular Activity

Nutrient composition of the diet affects follicular activity, embryonic development and reproductive hormones in ruminants. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of Ferula communis L. on some reproductive parameters of Awassi sheep. The experiment was carried out on 29 (15-16 months old) Awassi ewes. All ewes were allocated to receive either a control (14% CP and 11.7 MJ ME/kg, n=9) or a diet supplemented with 5% (75g, n=10) or 10% (150g, n=10) powdered F. communis root, respectively for 21 days. Oestrus was synchronized using intravaginal sponges, while oestrus behaviour was observed 24, 36 and 48h after the sponge removal. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of oestradiol and LH. At the end of the 21-day period, animals were slaughtered and ovarian structures were recorded. Corpora lutea tissues were cultured in vitro, and progesterone production was measured. The results indicate that the treatment of animals with 5% of F. communis root increased the percentage of animals in heat (80%, 60% and 10% for 5C, 10C, and the control group, respectively). Furthermore, the number of small follicles (1-3 mm) in treated groups was significantly higher than those of the control group. Moreover, the number of large follicles (>4 mm) in the control group was higher than those of the treatment groups. Plasma concentration of oestrogen and LH peak were similar in the control and treatment groups. Progesterone production by luteal cells cultured in vitro was higher for both treatment groups compared to the control. Herewith, supplementation of the diet of Awassi Sheep with F. communis root during the breeding season may enhance ovulation rate and luteal activity. 

scholarly journals Levels of certain biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in cattle with Brucellosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. BOZUKLUHAN ◽  
O. MERHAN ◽  
O. CELEBI ◽  
F. BUYUK ◽  
M. OGUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The purpose of the present study was to determine concentrations of some biochemical parameters and oxidative stress levels in cattle with brucellosis. For this purpose, a study group included with 20 cattle with brucellosis and a control group with 10 clinically healthy cattle were used. Blood samples were collected into the tubes (with and without anticoagulant agent) from the Jugular vein of animals in each group. The reduced glutathione (GSH) in whole blood and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined spectrophotometrically. Additionally, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine and iron (Fe) levels in serum samples were colorimetrically determined. Compared with the animals in the control group, it was determined that cattle with brucellosis had significantly (P<0.01) higher levels of AST, ALT, creatinine and NO and lower level of Fe. The increases of MDA and GSH levels were moderate and significantly important (P<0.05) while serum urea manner was not significantly altered. It was determined that significant alterations occurred in various biochemical parameters and antioxidant activity decreased in cattle with brucellosis.

Assessment of prevalence of Fasciola hepatica and associated biochemical alterations in the cattle of Siirt province, Turkey

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burçak Aslan Çelik ◽  
Özgür Yaþar Çelik ◽  
Kývanç Ýrak ◽  
Gülþah Akgül
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Flotation Method

The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in the cattle raised in the Siirt province of Turkey and to obtain epidemiologic data about the disease in order to reveal its relationship with certain biochemical parameters. The material of the study consists of a total of 380 cattle. The blood sample was obtained from the jugular vein of the animals. Meanwhile, approximately 50-100 gr of feces were also collected from the animal’s rectum for a fecal examination. The zinc sulfate flotation method was used to inspect the fecal samples. 338 (89%) of samples were found to be seronegative, while the remaining 42 (11%) were seropositive. GGT, ALP, ALT, AST, TP and Albumin parameters analyzed on the serum samples. GGT levels of the seropositive animals were found to be statistically higher compared to the control group. As a result, the ELISA method was confirmed to be more accurate in the diagnosis of fasciolosis, and the increased GGT activity in the serum was determined as a significant indicator of the diagnosis.

HORMONE PROFILE IN SURTI GOATS DURING POSTPARTUM PERIOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya S. Chaudhary ◽  
Tanvi D. Manat ◽  
Virendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Sanjay B. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Estradiol Levels ◽  
Group Serum

The present study was undertaken to investigate changes in serum hormonal profile of post partum Surti goats. 20 recently parturated (treatment) goats and 20 non pregnant (control group) goats. Blood samples were collected from treatment group on 0, 7, 14, 21, 30 and 45 day post kidding and once from control group. Serum samples were analyzed for Tri-Iodothyronine (T3) and Tetra- Iodothyronine /Thyroxine (T4), cortisol, progesterone (P4) and estradiol, T4 and P4 were significantly low whereas cortisol and estradiol levels were significantly high on 0 day post partum. Onset of kidding was marked by increased cortisol and estrogen and decreased progesterone.

Changes of IL-4 and IFN-g expression in monocytes and T-helper lymphocytes while modeling of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
В.Н. Сахаров ◽  
П.Ф. Литвицкий ◽  
Е.И. Алексеева ◽  
Н.А. Маянский ◽  
Р.Ш. Закиров
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
T Helpers

Цель исследования - изучение перепрограммирования мононуклеарных лейкоцитов на модели системного ювенильного идиопатического артрита (сЮИА), воспроизводимой у крыс Wistar с использованием полного адъюванта Фрейнда и липополисахарида. Методика. сЮИА воспроизведен у 6-месячных крыс-самцов Wistar. На 40-е сут. эксперимента животные были разделены на 3 группы: 1-я группа - контроль; 2-я - группа доксициклина; 3-я - группа дексаметазона. Взятие проб крови у животных проводили на нулевые, 41-е и 55-е сут. Мононуклеарные клетки периферической крови выделяли гравиметрически, после чего окрашивали их на маркеры и внутриклеточные цитокины. Дифференцировали моноциты (CD3-CD4+) и Т-хелперы (CD3+CD4+). Анализировали динамику внутриклеточной экспрессии интерлейкина IL-4 (рассматривали как маркер про-М2 фенотипа, так как в случае выделения из клетки ИЛ-4 служит стимулятором М2 поляризации макрофагов) и IFN-g (как маркер про-М1 фенотипа) по данным проточной цитофлуориметрии. Применяли непараметрический статистический тест Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon в программе R для статистической обработки данных. Результаты и заключение. При моделировании сЮИА выявлено закономерное изменение фенотипа моноцитов. Применение же доксициклина и дексаметазона приводило к более ранней поляризации их по про-М2-пути в отношении моноцитов (на 41-е сут.) в сравнении с контролем. Про-М1 эффект (на 55-е сут., в сравнении с контролем) выявлен также в группах доксициклина и дексаметазона. У животных разных групп обнаружены характерные динамические изменения внутриклеточной экспрессии цитокинов. Важно, что различная направленность поляризации фенотипа при сЮИА и применении препаратов наблюдается не только у моноцитов, но и у Т-хелперов. The study objective was to evaluate targeted reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) modeled in 6-month-old male Wistar rats by co-administration of complete Freund’s adjuvant and lipopolysaccharide. Methods. On day 40 of the experiment, rats were divided into three groups: control, doxycycline, and dexamethasone groups. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 41, and 55. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated gravimetrically and stained for markers and cytokines. Monocytes (CD3-CD4+) and T-helpers (CD3+CD4+) were differentiated as target cells. IL-4 was considered a marker for the pro-M2 phenotype since IL-4 can activate M2 macrophage polarization; IFN-g was considered a marker for the pro-M1 phenotype. Time-related changes in the intracellular expression of IL-4 and IFN-g were studied using flow cytometry. Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistical tests (Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon) in the R environment for statistical computing. Results and conclusions. Monocytes (like macrophages) underwent reprogramming during the development of modeled sJIA disease. In monocytes of doxycycline and dexamethasone treatment groups, pro-M2 effects were observed earlier (day 41) than in the control group. Pro-M1 effects were observed in monocytes of doxycycline and dexamethasone groups on day 55, as compared with the control group. Characteristic time-related changes of intracellular cytokine expression were described for different groups. Importantly, the differently directed phenotype polarization was observed in sJIA and treatment groups for both monocytes and T-helpers.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Verma ◽  
Salma Malik ◽  
Ekta Mutneja ◽  
Anil K. Sahu ◽  
Kumari Rupashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis a Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771
Author(s):  
Violetta Opoka-Winiarska ◽  
Ewelina Grywalska ◽  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak ◽  
Katarzyna Matuska ◽  
Anna Malm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

There is limited data on the effect of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) on pediatric rheumatology. We examined the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and a negative history of COVID-19 and the correlation of the presence of these antibodies with disease activity measured by juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS). In total, 62 patients diagnosed with JIA, under treatment with various antirheumatic drugs, and 32 healthy children (control group) were included. Serum samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers and antibodies and their state evaluated with the juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS). JIA patients do not have a higher seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than healthy subjects. We found anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in JIA patients who did not have a history of COVID-19. The study showed no unequivocal correlation between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and JIA activity; therefore, this relationship requires further observation. We also identified a possible link between patients’ humoral immune response and disease-modifying antirheumatic treatment, which will be confirmed in follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Effects of long-acting, broad spectra anthelmintic treatments on the rumen microbial community compositions of grazing sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D. Moon ◽  
Luis Carvalho ◽  
Michelle R. Kirk ◽  
Alan F. McCulloch ◽  
Sandra Kittelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Methanobrevibacter Ruminantium ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Long Acting

AbstractAnthelmintic treatment of adult ewes is widely practiced to remove parasite burdens in the expectation of increased ruminant productivity. However, the broad activity spectra of many anthelmintic compounds raises the possibility of impacts on the rumen microbiota. To investigate this, 300 grazing ewes were allocated to treatment groups that included a 100-day controlled release capsule (CRC) containing albendazole and abamectin, a long-acting moxidectin injection (LAI), and a non-treated control group (CON). Rumen bacterial, archaeal and protozoal communities at day 0 were analysed to identify 36 sheep per treatment with similar starting compositions. Microbiota profiles, including those for the rumen fungi, were then generated for the selected sheep at days 0, 35 and 77. The CRC treatment significantly impacted the archaeal community, and was associated with increased relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Methanosphaera sp. ISO3-F5, and Methanomassiliicoccaceae Group 12 sp. ISO4-H5 compared to the control group. In contrast, the LAI treatment increased the relative abundances of members of the Veillonellaceae and resulted in minor changes to the bacterial and fungal communities by day 77. Overall, the anthelmintic treatments resulted in few, but highly significant, changes to the rumen microbiota composition.

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