Simulation of wheat yield by nitrogen and nonlinearity of environmental conditions

ABSTRACT Fuzzy logic can simulate wheat productivity by assisting crop predictability. The objective of the study is the use of fuzzy logic to simulate wheat yield in the conditions of nitrogen use, together with the effects of air temperature and rainfall, in the main cereal succession systems in Southern Brazil. The study was conducted in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four repetitions in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme for N-fertilizer doses (0, 30, 60, 120 kg ha-1) and nutrient supply forms [100% in phenological stage V3 (third expanded leaf); (70%/30%) in the phenological stage V3/V6 (third and sixth expanded leaf) and; fractionated (70%/30%) at the phenological stage V3/E (third expanded leaf and beginning of grain filling)], respectively, in the soybean/wheat and corn/wheat systems. The pertinence functions and the linguistic values established for the input and output variables are adequate for the use of fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic simulates wheat grain yield efficiently in the conditions of nitrogen use with air temperature and rainfall in crop systems.

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Diffuse system simulating wheat productivity by nitrogen and temperature in the use of biopolymers

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n5p289-297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 289-297

Author(s):

Ângela T. W. De Mamann ◽

José A. G. da Silva ◽

Osmar B. Scremin ◽

Ana P. B. Trautmann ◽

Cláudia V. Argenta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Fuzzy Model ◽

Phenological Stage ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maximum Air Temperature

ABSTRACT Fuzzy logic can simulate wheat yield by nitrogen and temperature nonlinearity, validating the use of hydrogel biopolymer. The objective of this study is to adapt the fuzzy logic model to the simulation of nitrogen biomass and wheat grain yield and non-linearity of the maximum air temperature, under the conditions of use of the hydrogel biopolymer, in high and low N-residual release systems. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil (28 ° 26 ‘30’ latitude S and 54 ° 0 ‘58’ longitude W). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications in 5 x 5 factorial, for hydrogel doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), added in the furrow next to the seed, and N-fertilizer doses. (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), applied at the phenological stage V3 (third expanded leaf) as top-dressing, respectively. The pertinence functions together with the quantitative and linguistic values for the input and output variables are suitable for the use of fuzzy logic in the wheat yield simulation. The fuzzy model made it possible to estimate the values of biomass and wheat grain yield by nitrogen and non-linearity of the maximum air temperature under the conditions of use of the hydrogel biopolymer in high and low N-residual release systems.

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Fuzzy logic simulation of oat yield after using hydrogel and nitrogen biopolymer management

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.08.p2591 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1319-1327

Author(s):

Osmar Bruneslau Scremin ◽

José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽

Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽

Ângela Teresinha Woschinski De Mamann ◽

Odenis Alessi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

New Technologies ◽

Block Design ◽

Fuzzy Model ◽

Logic Simulation ◽

Efficient Tool ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maximum Air Temperature

The fuzzy logic is an efficient tool for simulation and validation of new technologies in agriculture. The objective of the study is to adapt the fuzzy logic model for simulation of biomass and oat grain yield by nitrogen involving the nonlinearity of the maximum air temperature in the conditions of use of the biopolymer hydrogel, considering high succession systems and low release of residual N. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015, in a randomized block design with four replicates in a 5 x 5 factorial. Five hydrogel doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) were added in the groove next to the seed; and 5 doses of N-fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) applied at the fourth expanded leaf stage, respectively. The cultivar was URS Corona. The pertinence functions and the linguistic values established in the input and output variables to simulate the biomass yield and oat grains in the succession systems are adequate observed productivity. The fuzzy model makes it possible to estimate the biomass and oat grains productivity efficiently under the conditions of use of the hydrogel as a function of the nitrogen doses and maximum air temperature, adding to the existing models of simulation.

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Technical and Economic Viability of Wheat with Forms of Application and Doses of Boron

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n4p306 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 306 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Eduardo H. M. Boleta ◽

Willian L. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Economic Viability ◽

No Tillage ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Economic Return ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System ◽

Irrigated Wheat

Boron is one of the most limiting micronutrients in grains production system in Brazil. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the effect of forms of application and doses of boron in irrigated wheat grain yield evaluating the economic terms in Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in no-tillage system in an Oxisol with clay texture in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme: four doses of boron (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) with boric acid source (B = 17%); and three apllication forms: a) in desiccation of the predecessor straw, together with herbicide; b) at the time of sowing, in soil along with the formulated fertilization seeding and c) via leaf tissue with the application of post emergent herbicide. The application of 2 kg ha-1 provides greater grain yields, but the highest economic return was obtained at the dose of 1 kg ha-1, with application in soil, ensuring profitability from production of irrigated wheat in the Cerrado.

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Influence of meteorological parameters on wheat yield under different sowing conditions

MAUSAM ◽

10.54302/mausam.v73i1.5089 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 161-172

Author(s):

ANANTA VASHISTH ◽

DEBASISH ROY ◽

AVINASH GOYAL ◽

P. KRISHNAN

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Weather Condition ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Growth Stages

Field experiments were conducted on the research farm of IARI, New Delhi during Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18. Three varieties of wheat (PBW-723, HD-2967 and HD-3086) were sown on three different dates for generating different weather condition during various phenological stages of crop. Results showed that during early crop growth stages soil moisture had higher value and soil temperature had lower value and with progress of crop growth stage, the moisture in the upper layer decreased and soil temperature increased significantly as compared to the bottom layers. During tillering and jointing stage, air temperature within canopy was more and relative humidity was less while during flowering and grain filling stage, air temperature within canopy was less and relative humidity was more in timely sown crop as compared to late and very late sown crop. Radiation use efficiency and relative leaf water content had significantly higher value while leaf water potential had lower value in timely sown crop followed by late and very late sown crop. Yield had higher value in HD-3086 followed by HD-2967 and PBW-723 in all weather conditions. Canopy air temperature difference had positive value in very late sown crop particularly during flowering and grain-filling stages. This reflects in the yield. Yield was more in timely sown crop as compared to late and very late sown crop.

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PENGARUH DOSIS RAGI DAN PENAMBAHAN GULA TERHADAP KUALITAS GIZI DAN ORGANOLEPTIK TAPE BIJI GANDUM

Agric ◽

10.24246/agric.2014.v26.i1.p75-84 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Jalalina Abdillah ◽

Nugraheni Widyawati ◽

Suprihati

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Christian University ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Honestly Significant Difference ◽

Sugar Addition ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Mathematics

Tape yeast in certain dose is required in making tape. Addition of 5% sugar could increase the sweetness as well as energy for the microorganissm. The experiment about the effect of yeast dosage and sugar addition on the quality of wheat grain tape in the Laboratory of Faculty of Science and Mathematics Satya Wacana Christian University started from 29th February until 23rd April 2012. This research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six treatments as follows: 1% yeast; 2% yeast; 3% yeast; 1% yeast with sugar; 2% yeast with sugar; 3% yeast with sugar. Finally, data of the result were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and honestly significant difference (HSD) at 5% level. The research showed that: 1) 1% yeast dose had the highest quality of wheat tape compared to 2% and 3% yeast dose, 2) 1% yeast dose with sugar gave the best taste from organoleptic test.

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Cutting Height of Mombasa Grass Under Silvopastoral and Monoculture Systems

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n5p433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 433

Author(s):

M. O. D. Rodrigues ◽

A. C. dos Santos ◽

M. O. D. Rodrigues ◽

O. Silveira Junior ◽

L. B. T. de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transition Period ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Silvopastoral System ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Rainy Period ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Main Variable ◽

Cutting Management ◽

Cutting Height

This study aimed to evaluate the production of Mombasa grass cultivation under two different systems: monoculture and silvopastoral, with heights of 70, 80, 90, and 100 cm. Two seasons were evaluated: rainy period (December to March) and rain/drought transition (March to June). The variables evaluated were: total dry mass (TDM), dry mass (DM) of the morphological components, number of tillers, efficiency of nitrogen use, DM content, number of harvest cycles and cutting intervals. The experimental design was a randomized block design with five replications. The monoculture system presented the highest yields of TDM, number of tillers and DM of the morphological components in the two evaluated periods. The main variable affected by shading was the number of tillers per area, which directly affects all variables linked to production. In addition to the type of system, the time of the year also influenced the production of DM of the grass. The evaluation of grass productivity in silvopastoral system evidenced that the plant tends to respond differently to cutting management when compared to the monoculture system. In the monoculture system, the recommended height for greater TDM yield and better leaf/stem ratio in the rainy period and the rainy/drought transition period was 80 cm, maintaining the residue height at 40 cm. As for SSP, cutting height of 70 cm presented the highest TDM and leaf/stem ratio for the two evaluated periods, maintaining the residue height at 40 cm.

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Effects of silicate application on soil fertility and wheat yield

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6supl2p4071 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽

pp. 4071 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marcos Vinícius Mansano Sarto ◽

Maria do Carmo Lana ◽

Leandro Rampim ◽

Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽

Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Magnesium Silicate ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fe And Mn ◽

Calcium Magnesium

An improvement in soil chemical properties and crop development with silicate application has been confirmed in several plant species. The effects of silicate application on soil chemical properties and wheat growth were investigated in the present study. The experiment was carried out in 8-L plastic pots in a greenhouse. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 3 × 5 factorial: three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2) and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)] and five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 Mg ha–1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), with four replications. The plant length, number of spikes per pot, shoot dry matter and grain yield, were measured after 115 days of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth. Changes in the soil chemical properties (pH, H+ + Al3+, Al3+, P, K, Ca, Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) were analyzed after wheat harvest. Application of calcium/magnesium silicate reduces the potential acidity (H+ + Al3+) and Al3+ phytotoxic; and increases the soil pH, available Ca, Mg and Si, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil base saturation. Silicate application did not affect the available P, exchangeable K and availability of micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) in the three soils. The application of calcium/magnesium silicate in an acid clayey Rhodic Hapludox improves the development and yield of wheat; however, the silicate application in soil with pH higher to 5.3 and high Si availability does not affect the agronomic characteristics and grain yield of wheat.

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Spatial arrangement of plants on leaf growth and development and the yield potential of soybean

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.06.p1721 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 913-922

Author(s):

José Eduardo Minussi Winck ◽

Thomas Newton Martin ◽

Marlo Adriano Bison Pinto ◽

Lucas Allan Bruning ◽

Guilherme de Almeida Arismendi

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

The Other ◽

Plant Distribution ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Randomized Block Design

This study aimed at determining the effect of a variety of plants arrangements on foliar growth and development as well as the productive potential in soybean. The field experiments were performed over two agricultural years (2015/16 and 2016/17) on Argisoil in subtropical environment. The two selected cultivars, viz., BMX Tornado RR and FPS Urano RR were sown in four spatial distribution of the plants such as conventional spacing (0.45 m spacing between rows), reduced spacing (0.225 m spacing between rows), paired spacing (two rows with 0.225 m and 0.45 m spacing from the other rows) and crossed spacing (0.45 m spacing between the rows with crosses of two rows, at a 90° angle). The randomized block design was adopted for the experiments with the treatments in a 2x4 factorial distribution and four replications. The first factor was the cultivar and the second types of plant distribution. The results showed that plant arrangement affected the plant profile regarding the behavior of the ecophysiological variables like plastochron, leaf lifetime and yield distribution. Leaf life in each stratum was caused by the foliar senescence rhythm, explained by a 4th degree polynomial model, revealing two peaks in the senescence rate, one during pre-flowering stage and the other when the grain filling stage was completed. According to the results, we do not recommend changes in conventional spacing.

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Quality of silage produced from intercropped corn RR and soybeans RR

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v35n6a2019-39869 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Isabella Sichierski Cardoso ◽

Adriano Jakelaitis ◽

Karolyna Oliveira Marques ◽

Katia Cylene Guimarães ◽

Leandro Spíndola Pereira

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Double Row ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Secondary Factor ◽

Fertilization System

The objective of this study was to produce silage from intercropped RR glyphosate tolerant corn (RR - Roundup Ready) and RR soybeans under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. The research was carried out in off-season between February and June 2015, in Rio Verde, Goiás (Brazil). In the experimental period the rainfall was 865 mm and the average temperature of 23.7°C. Two trials were performed. The first had corn rows spaced in 1 m with a row of soybeans in the interrow. The second had double corn rows interspersed with one row of soybeans, all spaced in 0.50 m. In both trials, we used a randomized block design, in a 2x2+3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Primary factor consisted of two types of pre-sowing fertilization: one only in corn rows and the other over the total area. The secondary factor corresponded to two soybean varieties: medium and late cycle variety. In addition, three control treatments were made: one of corn and two of soybeans. The corn cutoff point was at the hard farinaceous stage when the milk line reaches half the grain, and in the sole crop soybean at the R5.5 final phase of grain filling. Silage was stored in PVC experimental silos for 60 days. The intercropped treatments, in both spatial arrangements, promoted increases in neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Soybean monoculture presented high values of crude protein and ethereal extract. There were higher effluent losses in medium-cycle soybean variety silage when it was grown in single cropping. However, the lowest effluent losses were recorded for silages of medium-cycle soybean intercropped under a double row pre-sowing corn fertilization system. The soybeans mixed silages produced together with corn under off-season conditions did not yield satisfactory results.

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Reduced Asian Soybean Rust Control by Commercial Fungicides Co-formulations in the 2018-2019 Growing Season in Southern Brazil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v13n4p113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Erlei Melo Reis ◽

Mateus Zanatta ◽

Andrea Camargo Reis

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Soybean Rust ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Asian Soybean Rust ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Commercial Fungicide

It has been a growers concen the reduction of Asian soybean rust (ASR) control by commercial fungicide co-formulations in the last growing seasons in southern Brazil. The objective of this work was to assess the ASR control efficacy by the most used co-formulations in the 2018/19 season. In a field experiment, 19 fungicides in commercial formulations to control soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, were evaluated. Chemicals at their recommended doses were sprayed at four soybean growth stages. The first application was performed with 1.82% leaflet incidence and coinciding with R1 phenological stage. The others were performed at 14-18 days intervals. At stage R6, end of the epidemic and coinciding with half of the defoliation in the control plots, the leaf severity was appraised. The experiment was conducted with Ativa soybean cultivar, in 3 × 6 m plots, four replications and randomized block design. The harvest was made with a plot combine and the yield expressed in grains kg/ha. The means were compared by the Scott-Knott test. The disease control efficacy by 17 fungicide co-formulation showed control less than 57%, one with 78% and none with ≥ 80%. The unsprayed treatment severity was 81% and the greatest control of 78% resulted in 3,876 kg/ha yield. Therefore, the hypothesis raised in this work was accepted showing that the site-specific fungicides co-formulations are showing efficacy reduction season after season.

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