scholarly journals Hemogasometric and biochemical changes caused by diets with high negative cation-anion balance in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane de Oliveira Feijó ◽  
Uriel Secco Londero ◽  
Camila Pizoni ◽  
Joao Alveiro Alvarado-Rincón ◽  
Antônio Amaral Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Urinary Ph ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Lower Urinary

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate hemogasometric and metabolic indicators in the first postpartum hours of dairy cows that received different cation-anion diets in the prepartum period. Holstein cows (n=14), multiparous, were divided into two groups: (1) acidogenic diet (DA -27.13 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7) and (2) neutral diet (DN -3.25 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7), provided from 30 days before the expected calving. Urine samples were collected every three days from the beginning of supplementation until the day of delivery for pH verification. Blood samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h postpartum for hemogasometric and biochemical analyses. The animals that received DA presented lower urinary pH. The serum concentration of total calcium, ionized calcium and the incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia did not differ between groups. Animals that received DA presented reduction in blood levels of total plasma proteins, globulins, bicarbonate and blood pH, in addition to increased activity of paraoxone-1 and reduction in the concentration of haptoglobin from animals of DN. In conclusion, we can infer that, anionic diets can alter blood pH, interfere with protein synthesis, and probably improve antioxidant capacity.

Relation between intravascular electrolyte level and course of parturition in dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Seyrek-Intas ◽  
K. Failing ◽  
G. Yilmazbas Mecitoglu ◽  
H. Bostedt ◽  
D. Seyrek-Intas
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
P Values ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Electrolyte Homeostasis ◽  
Convalescence Phase

Summary Objective: To determine the intravascular electrolyte status in dairy cows with respect to age and different courses of parturition to clarify etiological factors influencing peri- or intrapartal imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis. Material and methods: A total of 64 cows at birth were evaluated (primiparous n = 34, pluriparous n = 30). Thirty-three cows showed normal delivery, while 31 cows had a complicated birth. Blood samples were collected intra partum (i. p.) and 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 h post partum (p. p.) as well as [2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 days p. p. and levels of total calcium (Catotal), ionized calcium (Caion), inorganic phosphate (Pa), Mg, Na, K, Cl were determined. Results: The results revealed that electrolytes show great fluctuation during and immediately p. p. in relation to age. Already during parturition pluriparous cows had a lower Catotal and Pa concentration compared to primiparous animals. Cows with dystocia exhibited a more intensive and longer lasting decrease of Ca compared to cows with normal birth. In relation to age and severity of birth Pa concentration showed a differing but basically typical course for this electrolyte. Mg, Na, K and Cl concentrations were higher during and immediately after birth compared to p. p. values. Until day 10 p. p. these electrolyte concentrations declined more in older cows with dystocia compared to younger animals. However, the influence of dystocia on concentration of these electrolytes was milder in contrast to Ca and Pa. Conclusions: In summary, primarily older cows are predisposed to imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis intra partum and at the beginning of the lactation. These changes are potentiated in case of complications during parturition. Intravascular Catotal, Caion as well as Pa are most severely affected. Clinical relevance: These results may constitute the basis for a comprehensive metaphylaxis during the peripartal period, especially in cows after dystocia, to positively influence the early convalescence phase.

scholarly journals Protein profiling of plasma proteins in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcaemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziling Fan ◽  
Shi Shu ◽  
Chuchu Xu ◽  
Xinhuan Xiao ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Subclinical Hypocalcaemia

scholarly journals The effect of the Ketostop-EL feed supplement on the clinical and metabolic status of lactating cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 06033
Author(s):  
N.B. Nikulina ◽  
E.V. Baidak
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A study was conducted on dairy cows aged 3-6 lactation, which were additionally fed with the Ketostop-El supplement at the rate of 300 g per head for 4 weeks after calving. The use of the feed supplement for 14 days led to a decrease in the number of monocytes, total protein, glucose, creatinine, total calcium and the activity of ALT and AST compared to their level before the use of Ketostop-El. Changes in the physical and chemical properties of urine and increase in the average daily milk yield were noted. The use of the supplement for 28 days contributed to a decrease in hematocrit, the sorption capacity of red blood cells, total protein, glucose, bilirubin, creatinine, total calcium, reserve alkalinity, ALT and AST activity and an increase in the number of basophils, eosinophils, and the concentration of inorganic phosphorus compared to the initial data. At the same time, a decrease in the level of protein and ketones in the urine was observed. An increase in the average daily milk yield and the mass fraction of fat in milk was also recorded. The feed supplement "Ketostop-El" has a positive effect on the body of dairy cows, as evidenced by the normalization of the clinical and metabolic status, as well as an increase in the dairy productivity of animals.

Abstract P060: Plasma Osteocalcin And Incident Diabetes Mellitus: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R Misialek ◽  
Elizabeth R Stremke ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin ◽  
Sanaz Sedaghat ◽  
James S Pankow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Primary Model

Introduction: Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Osteocalcin is a vitamin K-dependent, bone-derived hormone that functions as an endocrine regulator of energy metabolism, male fertility, and cognition. Early studies of endocrine effects of osteocalcin have shown that genomic deletion of osteocalcin in mice resulted in a diabetic phenotype (i.e. glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance). However, results from clinical studies have shown mixed associations between blood levels of osteocalcin and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hypothesis: Lower values of plasma osteocalcin would be associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Methods: A total of 11,557 ARIC participants without diabetes at baseline were followed from ARIC visit 3 (1993-1995) through 2018. Diabetes cases were identified through self-report on annual and semi-annual follow-up phone calls. Plasma osteocalcin data was measured using an aptamer-based proteomic profiling platform (SomaLogic). We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of quintiles of plasma osteocalcin and incident diabetes. The primary model adjusted for age, sex, and race-center. Results: Participants were age 60 ± 5.6 years at visit 3, 56% identified as female, 21% identified as Black. There were 3,031 incident diabetes cases over a median follow-up of 17.9 years. Mean ± SD was 10.053 ± 0.775. When comparing the highest quintile of plasma osteocalcin (values 10.42 to 14.66) to the lowest quintile (values 9.03 to 9.52), there was no association with incident diabetes (HRs [95% CIs]: 0.92 [0.81, 1.02]). There was also no significant trend across the quintiles (p = 0.19). Results were similar when adjusting for additional potential confounders, and when limiting the follow-up time to 10 years. Conclusions: These data do not support the hypothesis that total plasma osteocalcin, as measured by Somalogic proteomic panel, is a biomarker associated with diabetes risk. It is possible that total plasma or serum osteocalcin and/or other isoforms of osteocalcin protein (i.e. gamma carboxylated or uncarboxylated osteocalcin) measured via other validated methodologies may be linked to diabetes.

Long-acting antibacterial agents

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 101-103
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Release Form

A number of antibacterial agents have recently been developed which are recommended because they need to be administered infrequently. Examples are Deteclo (Lederle), Kelfizine W (Pharmitalia), and Vibramycin (Pfizer). The advantage claimed for these preparations is that adequate blood levels can be maintained with infrequent dosage. A prolonged action may be achieved in various ways - for example, by using a mixture of antibiotics which are absorbed and excreted at different rates, as in Deteclo;1 by giving high doses of a well absorbed preparation which is slowly excreted, e. g. doxycycline (Vibramycin),2 by administration in a slow-release form, e. g. procaine penicillin; or by giving probenecid to lessen renal excretion. Where prolongation of action depends on increased binding to plasma proteins, the drug may be more likely to act as a hapten and so to induce allergic reactions.

Binding of calcium by human plasma proteins under simulated physiologic conditions

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene R. Held ◽  
Smith Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Plasma Albumin

The binding of calcium to human plasma albumin, alpha, beta, and gamma globulins was studied with the aid of an ultracentrifuge. The amount of calcium bound to these separated proteins was determined in solutions with electrolyte concentrations and pH within physiological ranges. The total calcium concentration was 2.35–2.90 mm/liter H2O and the total protein concentration was 3.91–4.29 g/100 ml H2O. In these solutions no significant differences were found for the binding of calcium (expressed as mm Ca++ bound per gram protein) by albumin, alpha, and beta globulins; the average values obtained were, respectively, 0.016, 0.018, and 0.023. Significantly less calcium was bound by gamma globulin; 0.009 mm/gram. The pH was varied between 7.200–7.550 and the sodium chloride concentration between 114–157 mEq Na per liter. These changes did not measurably affect the amount of calcium bound to albumin. protein-bound calcium; ultracentrifugation and determination of protein-bound calcium; plasma globulin-bound calcium; plasma albumin-bound calcium Submitted on July 2, 1963

scholarly journals Serum proteinogram and biochemistry of Holstein cows in the peripartum period

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Thaís G. Rocha ◽  
Camila Bortoletto ◽  
Daniela G. Silva ◽  
Kalina M.M.G. Simplício ◽  
Luiz F. Zafalon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Peripartum Period

ABSTRACT: In face of the few reports found in national literature analyzing the potential influence of parturition number in serum proteinogram and biochemical profile in the peripartum period of high yielding dairy cows, the aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate the dynamics of these serum constituents’ concentrations in blood samples obtained from primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows, 60 and 30 days prepartum and in the day of parturition. Data were analyzed by repeated measures variance analysis (ANOVA) and differences between groups and moments were analyzed by Tukey’s test. Results were considered significant when P<0.05. Parity influenced levels of total protein, albumin, globulins, magnesium, cholesterol, which were higher in multiparous cows, as well as concentrations of ceruloplasmin, total calcium, chloride and alkaline phosphatase activity, which were higher in primiparous cows. Parturition influenced serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin (+58%), transferrin (-25%), haptoglobin (+33%), total protein (-17%), globulins (-25%), immunoglobulin A (-43%), immunoglobulin G (-24%), total calcium (-12%), inorganic phosphorus (-10%), chloride (+5%), sodium (+4%), cholesterol (-23%), triglycerides (-38.6%), as well as activities of aspartate aminotransferase (+14%) and alkaline phosphatase (+28%). A decrease in serum levels of total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol and triglycerides was more pronounced in multiparous than in primiparous cows. These results demonstrate that the interpretation of proteinogram and serum constituents should take into consideration lactation number and the moment of parturition as relevant factors in high yielding dairy cows in the transition period.

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