scholarly journals High waist-to-height ratio and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Augusto Bim ◽  
André de Araújo Pinto ◽  
Gaia Salvador Claumann ◽  
Andreia Pelegrini

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the prevalence of abdominal obesity with the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil. Methods: A total of 960 adolescents (494 boys) aged 15–18 years old participated in this study. The dependent variable was WHtR; independent variables were self-reported age, economic level, sexual maturation, physical activity level, screen time, and body fat. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: It was observed that 36.7% of the adolescents presented high WHtR (50.2% in girls and 23.9% in boys). Regardless of sex, adolescents with high body fat were more likely of having high WHtR (boys: Odds Ratio [OR] 29.79; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 16.87–52.62; girls: OR 19.43; 95%CI 10.51–35.94). In girls, high WHtR was associated with age (OR 1.83; 95%CI 1.17–2.87), and in boys, with economic level (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.01–5.45). Conclusions: One in each three adolescents has abdominal obesity. Among adolescents with high body fat, girls aged 15–16 and boys with high-income are the groups most exposed to abdominal obesity.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Kılınç ◽  
Nilgün Çöl ◽  
Beltinge Demircioğlu-Kılıç ◽  
Neriman Aydin ◽  
Ayse Balat ◽  
...  

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and associated factors during childhood in Southeastern Turkey. Another objective was to determine the cut-off points of Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) values for defining obesity/abdominal obesity. Methods: The community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Gaziantep Turkey between November 2011 and December 2011 with 2718 primary school/high schools students aged 6-17 years. The SPSS 22.00 was used for the analysis of data. Results: The prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, was 13.2%, 4.2% ,26.4%, respectively. There was a reverse relationship between BMI/WC values and sleep durations (p<0.05). The BMI/WC values were higher in students with computer usage time ≥1 hours in a day (p<0.05). Parental obesity status has an effective role on the WC/BMI values of children (p<0.05). The WHtR was a good predictor of diagnosis on obesity and abdominal obesity (AUC=0.928, p<0.0001; AUC=0.920, p<0.0001; respectively). The optimal cut-off values for obesity and abdominal obesity were detected as 0.5077, 0.4741, respectively. Conclusions: The WHtR can be used for diagnosis of obesity/abdominal obesity. Parental obesity, short sleep duration and computer use more than one hour per day are risk factors for the development of obesity in children and adolescents. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748 How to cite this:Kilinc A, Col N, Demircioglu-Kilic B, Aydin N, Balat A, Keskin M. Waist to height ratio as a screening tool for identifying childhood obesity and associated factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1652-1658. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Author(s):  
Camila Tomicki ◽  
Aline Mendes Gerage ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽  
Tânia Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti

Excess body fat is an important risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to verify the diagnostic performance of anthropometric indicators in the prediction of excess body fat estimated by Dual-energy Radiometric Absorptiometry (DXA) in hypertensive women. A cross-sectional study with 71 hypertensive women (57.9 ± 10.1 years; 77.8 ± 15.1 kg; 156.8 ± 5.2 cm) was carried out. he anthropometric indicators analyzed were: Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and Conicity Index (C Index). Body fat measured by DXA was used as the reference method. Descriptive statistics and ROC curve were used for data analysis. Comparing the anthropometric indicators with the percentage of total fat estimated by DXA, signiicant diferences were observed in BMI, WC and WHR (P <0.05). In relation to the percentage of trunk fat, a diference was identiied in BMI and WC (P <0.05). Among the anthropometric indicators analyzed, BMI (0.83), WC (0.79) and WHtR (0.80) had the largest areas under the ROC curve in relation to excess body fat determined by DXA. he cutof points were conservative in relation to those suggested in literature. Anthropometric indicators BMI (24.72 kg/m²), WC (87.81 cm) and WHtR (0.55) can be adopted in the evaluation of excess body fat in hypertensive women, since they demonstrated to be good predictors when confronted with DXA.


2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Ge ◽  
Jiyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaorong Chen ◽  
Liuxia Yan ◽  
Xiaolei Guo ◽  
...  

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association of 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K with obesity in Chinese adults.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a four-stage stratified sampling strategy.SettingShandong Province, China.SubjectsChinese adults (n 1906) aged 18–69 years who provided complete 24 h urine samples.ResultsOdds of obesity increased significantly across increasing quartiles of urinary Na excretion (1·00, 1·54, 1·69 and 2·52, respectively, for overweight; 1·00, 1·20, 1·50, and 2·03, respectively, for obesity; 1·00, 1·44, 1·85 and 2·53, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist circumference); and 1·00, 1·28, 1·44 and 1·75, respectively, for abdominal obesity (assessed by waist-to-height ratio); P for linear trend <0·001 for all). In addition, odds of abdominal obesity, but not odds of overweight and obesity, increased significantly with successive Na:K quartiles. Additionally, for each increment in urinary Na excretion of 100 mmol, odds of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 46 %, 39 %, 55 % and 33 %, respectively. Similarly, with a 1 sd increase in Na:K, odds of abdominal obesity (by waist circumference) and abdominal obesity (by waist-to-height ratio) increased significantly by 12 % and 15 %, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that 24 h urinary Na excretion and Na:K might be important risk factors for obesity in Chinese adults.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kerimkulova ◽  
A S Ospanova ◽  
R G Nurpeissova ◽  
G M Kamalbekova ◽  
T H Rymbaeva

Abstract Introduction The obesity and overweight epidemic, together with increasing cardiovascular disease, represent a major health problem worldwide, and their occurrence in childhood and adolescence has increased in recent time. Purpose to assess the association of  waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) coefficient with occurrence rate in adolescents with high blood pressure. Materials and methods The results of a single-step cross-sectional study of teenagers aged 12-13 years studied in 12 secondary schools in our city (Kazakhstan) are presented. The study included adolescents in the amount of 1519 (average age, standard deviation 12.3 + 0.46 years). For representing the outcomes there were used  the measurement of weight, height, BMI, WC, WHtR and the blood pressure of adolescents. Criteria for BP: normal BP (SBP and DBP &lt;89th percentile); high normal BP (SBP and DBP ≤90 and 94th percentile); arterial hypertension (SBP and DBP &gt; 95th percentile). ROC analysis was used to study the relationship between WC, WHtR and BMI. The distinctive impact of  WC or WHtR on the development of these states was expressed as the area under the curve (AUC 95% CI). Results From 1519 studied teenagers of 12-13 years, boys were 49.1% (n = 745), girls 50.9% (n = 774). Population with normal BP composed 62.7%, normal raised BP - 24.8%, hypertension - 12.4%, WC˂90th percentile at 98.5% (n = 939). The distribution by sex was: girls are more likely to have abdominal obesity than boys, (χ²=19.940, df = 1, р˂0.001). An elevated level of  WHtR was detected in 7.6% (n = 115) of adolescents. Among boys were 7.7% (n = 57) and girls 7.5% (n = 58), χ²=0.013, df = 1, p = 0.908. ). Girls (10.8%) with high blood pressure have increase WC than boys (2.1%), χ²=26.689, df = 1, р˂0.001. Adolescents with high blood pressure have enhanced WHtR - 12.2% than adolescents with normal blood pressure (2.7%), χ²=27.518, df = 1, р˂0.001. Increase of WC &gt; 90th percentile enhances with 4.5 times (95% CI: 2.44-8.53) and WHtR with 2.7 times (95% CI: 1.85-4.04) in adolescents with high blood pressure. WC (AUC = 832; 95% CI: 0.792-0.872) and WHtR (AUC = 0.812; 95% CI: 0.770-0.854was a better predictor of abdominal obesity than BMI. Conclusions. Indicators of  WC, WHtR indicating to the presence of abdominal obesity to identify risk factors for the development of high blood pressure. Participants with increase of  WC &gt; 90th percentile were 4.5 times and WHtR were 2.7 times more likely to have high blood pressure.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia J. Setiono ◽  
Laura A. Guerra ◽  
Cindy Leung ◽  
Tashara M. Leak

Abstract Background Adiposity status in adolescence is associated with various health outcomes in adulthood. Waist circumference [WC] and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR] are measures of abdominal obesity and have shown to be valid predictors of future chronic diseases. However, the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and WC, as well as WHtR in U.S. adolescents remain unclear. Thus, the study aims to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics and abdominal obesity among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents. Methods The sample included 4712 adolescents (12–19 years) in the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and abdominal obesity (WC and WHtR) were examined using multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for age, physical activity level, and sedentary activity. Results Around 18% of adolescents had high-risk WC (≥90th percentile) and 34% had high-risk WHtR (≥0.5). Females had higher odds of high-risk WHtR compared to males (OR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.23–1.72). Mexican American adolescents had higher odds of high-risk WHtR compared to non-Hispanic White (OR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.24–2.20), non-Hispanic Black (OR = 1.73, 95%CI = 1.26–2.36), and other race/multi-racial adolescents (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.21–2.80). When their parent were college graduates, adolescents had lower odds for high-risk WC compared to when the parent had some college education (OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.49–0.93) or a high school degree or less (OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.51–0.97). Similar associations were seen between parental education level and high-risk WHtR, as well as between household income and high-risk WHtR. Conclusions Measures of abdominal obesity should be considered to assess burden of adiposity, especially among female adolescents, adolescents from racial/ethnic minority and low socioeconomic status backgrounds. Additionally, future health interventions should consider including changes in WC and WHtR to measure the impact of these interventions.


2022 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana das Dores Paiva Canuto ◽  
Adriele Vidal Lucas Silva ◽  
João Victor Martins ◽  
Marlene de Melo Fonseca ◽  
Nathália Sernizon Guimarães ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with abdominal obesity in children from public schools in Barbacena, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 326 students aged 7 to 9 years from public schools in the urban area of the city. Anthropometric data included body weight, height, body mass index according to age, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Food consumption was evaluated using the Previous Day Food Questionnaire. Abdominal obesity was assessed based on waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. The bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 30.7%; whereas the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 9.2 and 12.6% according to waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. Boys (OR 2.76; 95%CI 1.22–6.25) and children from central schools (OR 2.73; 95%CI 1.08–6.80) presented an increased chance of abdominal obesity according to waist circumference. Abdominal obesity according to waist-to-height ratio was associated with the central location of the schools (OR 2.18; 95%CI 1.02–4.63) and the habit of skipping supper (OR 2.01; 95%CI 1.00–4.09). Conclusions: The findings showed that being a boy, studying in a central school, and skipping supper were the main risk factors associated with abdominal obesity.


Author(s):  
Kethrin Maila Weiss ◽  
Danielle Biazzi Leal ◽  
Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis ◽  
Andreia Pelegrini

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p548 The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and conicity index (C index) for the prediction of excess body fat (estimated by skinfold thickness) and determine the cutoffs of anthropometric indicators (BMI, WC, WHtR and C index) that best predict excess body fat. Overall, 1,589 students (11-14 years old) from public and private schools of Florianopolis (southern Brazil) participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, WC, and skinfolds (triceps and medial calf) were collected. ROC curves were used to compare the discriminatory power of BMI, WC, WHtR and C index in detecting adolescents with excess body fat (relative body fat estimated with skinfold thickness). All anthropometric indicators, except for C index in females, obtained good performance in the detection of excess body fat in both sexes, expressed as the area under the ROC curve. Cutoffs for boys and girls, respectively, associated with high excess body fat were BMI (20.7 and 19.7kg/m²), WC (68.7 and 65.9cm), WHtR (0.43 and 0.41cm), and C index (1.13 and 1.11). The study showed that, except for C index in females, BMI, WC and WHtR can be used to identify excess body fat in adolescents, considering the suggested cutoffs from this research.


Author(s):  
Luisa Lampignano ◽  
Roberta Zupo ◽  
Rossella Donghia ◽  
Vito Guerra ◽  
Fabio Castellana ◽  
...  

Background: There is moderate-to-high evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents increases in body weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals but less is known about its effects in subjects with overweight and obesity. The present study was focused on exploring the cross-sectional association among the adherence to Mediterranean diet and the most commonly used variables of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of overweight subjects from a typical Mediterranean region, Apulia, in Southern Italy. Methods:: The study was performed in a cohort of 1214 individuals, all with overweight or obesity but no other clinical condition. We investigated the association among adherence to Mediterranean diet, assessed with the PREDIMED score, and anthropometric parameters [namely body mass index (BMI), WC, waist to height ratio (WHtR) and neck circumference (NC)], fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), and blood pressure and insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR. Results:: The waist to height ratio was negatively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04), whereas HDL cholesterol was positively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04) Conclusion: This study suggests that body fat distribution and HDL-cholesterol are the parameters most strongly influenced by MedDiet in Apulian subjects.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Shrestha ◽  
Bijay Khatri ◽  
Madan P. Upadhyay ◽  
Janak R. Bhattarai ◽  
Manish Kayastha ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundObesity has become a global epidemic and an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Earlier thought to be a problem of developed world, it has now become a problem of low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. In absence of a routine surveillance or a registry system, the actual burden and trend of obesity in Nepal is unknown. Obesity and overweight are recognized risk factors for hypertension and associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to find out burden of obesity, using three commonly employed metrics in hospital outpatient setting of a low-income country as predictors of hypertension, and compare ability of different anthropometric measurements through a non-inferiority study to predict hypertension.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 40-69 years outpatients in a tertiary Eye and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal among randomly selected 2,256 participants from 6,769 outpatients who were evaluated in Health Promotion and risk factor screening service. We did correlation analysis to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurement and blood pressure. The area under the Receiver Operating characteristic curve of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) and Waist Circumference (WC) was calculated and compared. ResultsThe prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20% respectively; by Waist-to-Height-Ratio was 32.76% which is two times higher than obesity measured by BMI. High waist circumference was observed among 66.76% participants. Female participants had greater prevalence of high WC (77.46%) than male (53.73%) (p<0.001). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 40.67% and 36.77% respectively. The areas under the curve were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.593), WHtR (0.602) and WC (0.610).ConclusionWaist circumference correlated well with obesity and hypertension. It also had higher predicting ability than WHtR and BMI to predict hypertension. Waist circumference thus proved to be non-inferior to two other commonly used metrics. It proved superior in detecting obesity in female. This simple and inexpensive tape measurement may play an important role in future diagnosis of obesity and prediction of HTN in resource constrained settings of developing countries.


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