Overcoming dormancy in seeds of Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt

Abstract Seminiferous propagation of Dietes bicolor is hindered by the probable physical and/or morphophysiological dormancy. The objective was to analyze the efficacy of different methods of overcoming dormancy in D. bicolor seeds to determine a possible pre-germination treatment for the species. Two experiments were conducted: (I) Evaluation of the breaking of physical dormancy, in which the treatments of mechanical scarification were carried using sandpaper #100; chemical scarification with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 5 and 10 minutes and immersion in hot water (70 ºC), also, for 5 and 10 minutes, were evaluated. The intact seed was considered a control. (II) Evaluation of morphophysiological dormancy, in which the seeds were submitted to combined treatments of stratification of hot temperature (20-35 °C) and/or cold temperature (9 ºC), distributed in periods of 0, 1, and 2 weeks, totalizing 9 treatments. In both experiments, germination percentage (G), germination speed index (GSI), and first count (FC) were determined, using a randomized block design, and evaluated by the Scott-Knott test at 1% and Dunnett’s test at 5%. The use of H2SO4 10 minutes induced 42% germination, 0.52 GSI, and 18% FC, but only FC was significantly different from the control. In the second trial, the treatment that spent only two weeks in hot temperatures (20-35 ºC) showed the highest germination (30%), compared to the control (G = 22%). These results provide relevant information for understanding the physiology of D. bicolor germination, in addition to contributing to the optimization of pre-germination practices for this important ornamental species.

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Germination of Crotalaria and Lupinus (Fabaceae) seeds submitted to different pre-germination treatments and their effect on enzymatic activity during early germination

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.185813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

B. Garduza-Acosta ◽

L. C. Lagunes-Espinoza ◽

C. C. Bautista-Muñoz ◽

G. García-de-los-Santos ◽

J. M. Zaldívar-Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Total Protein ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hot Water ◽

Galactosidase Activity ◽

Physical Dormancy ◽

Legume Seeds ◽

Specific Enzymatic Activity ◽

Early Germination ◽

Native Legume

Abstract Most of the wild and native legume seeds has a hard and impermeable testa, which causes physical dormancy and prevents them from germinating even when environmental conditions are favorable. The study evaluated the effect of scarification treatments on germination and enzymatic activity of Crotalaria longirostrata (Cl) and Lupinus exaltatus (Le) seeds. After scarification treatments, germination percentage (GP) and rate (GR) were assessed during 30 days after seeding (DAS); and water absorption (WA) and specific enzymatic activity (SEA) during early germination (0, 6, 18, 36, 72, 120 h) in a growing chamber at 25 °C and photoperiod of 12 h. Scarification with 98% H2SO4 15 min increased GP and GR in both species. At 30 DAS, GP and GR of Le seeds were 34% and 0.97 seeds day-1, respectively. In Cl seeds, GP was 64% and GR 0.90 seeds day-1. Scarification with H2O at 80 °C 1 min also promoted germination in Cl (52%). At 120 h after seeding, Le and Cl seeds showed already a high GP with acid scarification (31% and 48%, respectively). In seeds of both species, scarification treatments affected WA and SEA during early germination. During this period, scarification treatments that increased GP also showed a higher α-D-galactosidase activity. The maximum enzyme activity was observed 72 h after hot water scarification in Cl (82.6 U/mg total protein), followed by acid scarification (54.5 U/mg total protein). In Le, the activity peak was 36 h after acid scarification (9.5 U/mg total protein). No relationship was observed between β-glucosidase activity and GP in both species. In conclusion, during early germination of both species, the increase in GP is accompanied by a rise in α-D-galactosidase activity between 36 and 72 h after seeding; and in Cl seeds, an alternative scarification treatment to increase GP may be the use of hot water.

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Quality of organically produced bell pepper seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n2159173 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 100-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Luiz Nogueira ◽

Bruna Ariane da Silva ◽

Átila Francisco Mógor ◽

Camila Ribeiro de Souza Grzybowski ◽

Maristela Panobianco

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Plant Management ◽

Ripening Stage ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Organic System ◽

Randomized Block Design

Abstract: The production of bell pepper seeds may be affected by the plant management and harvesting point of fruits. The goal of this study was to evaluate the quality of organically produced bell pepper seeds according to free plant growth, branch thinning and ripening stage. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with randomized block design; plants were tutored to parallel tape supports, with and without branch thinning, and fruits were harvested at three ripening stages (completely green, green/reddish and red). The following determinations were made: seed moisture content of at the time of harvest and after post-harvest rest, number of seeds per fruit, seed germination, and seedling emergence. It is possible to conclude that the production of bell pepper seeds in an organic system is viable, resulting in seeds with a germination percentage and seedling emergence above 90%. The management system of plants without branch thinning results in the production of seeds with greater viability and higher quantity per fruit. The cultivation of bell peppers for seed production may be carried out with fruits at the green ripening stage (51 days after anthesis), without any quality loss.

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Fruit Description and Evaluation of Five Treatments to Break Seed Dormancy of Brownlowia peltata Benth.

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v3i4.686 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Arief Noor Rachmadiyanto ◽

Peniwidiyanti . ◽

Prima Wahyu Kusuma Hutabarat

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Block Design ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Hot Water ◽

Average Weight ◽

Physical Dormancy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

And Control

Brownlowia peltata Benth. is a native tree from Borneo, in its germination problem was physical dormancy due to the hard pericarp of the fruit. The study aimed to evaluate five treatments for breaking the seed physical dormancy and the fruit description. The experiment was using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four different temperatures of water immersion, a scarification, and control. The fruit of B. peltata was a woody follicle; belong to yellow green group 148 A in color; 29.64 mm in long; 21.62 mm in thickness; 29.86 mm in wide, with an average weight of 12.05 g. Hot water immersion treatment of 40 °C for 60 s; 60 °C for 60 s and 80 °C for 30 s could raise the fruit moisture content of 0.92 % to 1.04 %. There was a significant difference on germination rate coefficient and coefficient of uniformity of germination among treatments. The mature seed does not have a physical dormancy once the carpel splits and create a slit (fruit opening).<div>Keywords: Brownlowia pellata Benth; dormancy; fruit; seed; viability.</div>

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THE INFLUENCE OF BIOCHAR TYPES OF SOIL AND DOSAGE SOYBEAN SUBSTRATION

10.31227/osf.io/4trgx ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Solly Aryza

Keyword(s):

Soil Type ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Rice Hull ◽

The Third ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Rice Straw Biochar ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Bagasse Biochar

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of soil type, biochar type and dose of soybean seed germination in a glass house as biochar quality test. The study used a randomized block design with three factors and two replications. First factor were biochar type application: B1 (Rice hull biochar/RHB ); B2(Maize Strover Biochar/MSB); B3 (Rice straw biochar/RSB); B4 (Bagasse Biochar/BB); B5 (Tapioca residue Biochar/TRB); B6 (Oil palm empty fruit bunch/OPB). Second Factor were biochar rate application : 10 t/ha (M1); 20 t/ha (M2). The third Factor was soil type/origin application: Soil from Rampah District (T1); Soil from Medan (T2); District Soil from Galang District(T3). The results of this research showed biochar type, doses of application, soil type, and its interaction significantly affected soybean germination and growth of soybean germination. Rice hull biochar and Bagasse Biochar showed the highest soybean germination percentage and rice hull biochar, and tapioca residue biochar showed the highest growth of soybean germination. Soil from the growth of soybean germination Medan district does biochar at 20 t/ha and interaction 2 factor T2B1 dan B2M1 showed the highest soybean germination percentage

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Comparative Growth Performance of Papaya Hybrids and their Parents under Reciprocal Crossing System

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i930597 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 167-173

Author(s):

Suchismita Jena ◽

T. R. Ahlawat ◽

A. I. Patel ◽

A. K. Pandey ◽

Dharmishtha Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Internodal Length ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Growth Performances ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Reciprocal Crossing

Papaya is a very popular fruit in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and has witnessed an increase in demand. This has fuelled an interest to develop region specific hybrids with desirable vegetative growth and vigour. Hence a field experiment was carried out at College of horticulture and forestry, Navsari Agricultural University in Gujarat during 2018-2020 in randomized block design with three replications to know the mean performance of parents and hybrids for comparative growth performances of papaya. Wherein, thirty papaya hybrids were developed from six morphologically distinct parents through full diallel crossing technique and all the parents and hybrids were evaluated for their germination and growth parameters. The variability was distinct in all hybrids and parents for germination percentage, days taken to germination, periodical plant height and girth, number of leaves, petiole length and internodal distance. Amongst all the parents, Pusa Delicious, CO-8 and Lucknow Local exhibited improved germination, better vegetative growth and dwarf stature, respectively. Among the hybrids, Pusa Delicious x Lucknow Local was found to have dwarf stature with minimum internodal length however, the reciprocal cross: Lucknow Local x Pusa Delicious recorded maximum plant girth and number of leaves. Based on their mean performance, these parents can be used for further breeding programmes and hybrids could be exploited for cultivation.

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Skarifikasi Awal Dan Penambahan Beberapa Jenis Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Untuk Percepatan Perkecambahan Benih Kayu Kuku (Pericopsis moonianna Thw)

EnviroScienteae ◽

10.20527/es.v16i2.9661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 296

Author(s):

Neneng Laila Romdyah ◽

Melya Riniarti ◽

Ceng Asmarahman ◽

Slamet Budi Yuwono

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Block Design ◽

Hot Water ◽

Index Number ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Bamboo Shoots ◽

Vigor Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Germination Vigor

Scarification was the destruction of the seed coat to softening seed coat and became permeable to water and gas. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best scarification techniques, types of growth regulatory substances and the combination of scarification treatments and addition of growth regulatory substances to accelerate the germination of Pericopsis mooniana seeds. The study was conducted using factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the scarification technique, with hot water, and broken the seed skin. The second factor was the addition of growth regulatory substances (coconut water and, bamboo shoots) shoot water and artificial growth regulatory substances Dates analyzed with variance and continued with the tukey test at 5% level. The results showed that the scarification technique by broken seed skin significant differences in the percentage of sprouts, germination, average days of germination, vigor index, number of leaves, and seedling height. The addition of growth regulatory substances did not show a significant difference in all observed variables.

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Seed and Seedling Response of Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O’Rorke) Baill. to Lengths of Storage at Room Temperature and Pretreatments

Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.9734/ajraf/2020/v6i130097 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-42

Author(s):

Olufunke O. Olayode

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Hot Water ◽

State University ◽

Assessment Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Natural Range ◽

Irvingia Gabonensis

Aims: This study was carried out to evaluate the response of seeds and seedlings of Irvingia gabonensis to different lengths of storage at room temperature and pretreatments. Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at the nursery of the Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods: Mature fruits of I. gabonensis were obtained from its area of natural range in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Depulped seeds were subjected to different lengths of storage and pretreatments. The different lengths of storage were Fresh, 7days, 14days, 21days and 28days represented as LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 and LS5 respectively. Pretreatments were control, steeping in water at room temperature, soaking in hot water and scarification represented as PT1, PT2, PT3 and PT4 respectively. Results: In LS1, germination began under PT1, PT2 and PT4 at 20, 19 and 21 Days after Sowing (DAS) respectively producing 90%, 100% and 100% germination respectively. Under LS2, seeds subjected to PT1, PT2 and PT4 germinated at 23, 24 and 23 DAS giving 90%, 90% and 80% germination respectively. At LS3, germination began in PT1, PT2 and PT4 at 26, 27 and 26 DAS producing 60%, 90% and 60% germination. However, seeds subjected to PT3 did not germinate throughout duration of experiment. Although, Analysis of Variance revealed significant difference at certain assessment period for seedling growth variables, there were no marked differences. Conclusion: Seeds of Irvingia gabonensis can be successfully stored for up to four weeks at room temperature without a significant loss in viability although germination percentage would reduce with increasing length of storage. Soaking I. gabonensis seeds in water at room temperature can be adopted for pretreating its seeds prior to sowing although untreated seeds still produced good germination.

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EFEK LAMA PERENDAMAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH ROSELA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

JURNAL AGROPLASMA ◽

10.36987/agroplasma.v6i2.1567 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

Dede Suhendra ◽

Yudi Triyanto ◽

Siti Hartati Yusida Saragih ◽

Zahlul Ikhsan

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Chemical Compound ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Agricultural Sciences

Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a medicinal plant. Rosela has a chemical compound that can provide many benefits. Efficacy of rosella to prevent disease, treat disorders of various diseases with gossiptin anthocyanin content and gluciside hibiscin contained in it. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of College of Agricultural Sciences of Labuhan Batu University Foundation, North Sumatera Province. This research was started in March 2017. This research used Non-Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with the harvesting period (P) P0: Control, P1: 1, Clock P2: 2 Hours, P3: 3 Hours P4: 4 Hours P5: 5 Hours P6: 6 Hours P: 7 Hours. The highest rate of germination was found in P7 treatment of 3.22 days. The highest normal germination percentage was found in P5 and P7 treatment of 66.67%. Than highest abnormal germination percentege was found in P3, P4 and P6 treatment of 33.33 %. Keywords : Rosela, Old Immersion

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Dormancy in native fruit seeds of the Brazilian South Region

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n3.a436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Kelli Pirola ◽

Américo Wagner Junior ◽

Marcelo Dotto ◽

Darcieli Aparecida Cassol ◽

Jean Carlo Possenti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Acid Solution ◽

Native Species ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hot Water ◽

Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Technological University

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether seeds from six native fruit species ofthe South Brazilian regionhad any type of dormancy, as well as, to verify if they havephotoblastism. The work was carried out at the Plant Physiology Laboratoryofthe Federal Technological University of Paraná –Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. The influence of photoperiod factors and techniques for overcoming dormancy were tested on the germination of Eugenia uniflora L.(Surinan cherry), Plinia peruviana(native jabuticaba), Plinia cauliflora(hybrid jabuticaba), Eugenia involucrataDC. (Rio Grande cherry), Myrcianthes pungens(guabiju) and Campomanesia guazumifolia(sete capoteiro). The seeds were exposed in a condition of total darkness or photoperiod of 24 hours, being the levels of one of factors tested. The techniques for breaking dormancy tested werethe immersion in gibberellic acid solution (200 mg L-1); stratification at 5°C for 30 days; immersion in water at room temperature for 24 hours; immersion in hot water (80°C) for five minutes; immersion in sulfuric acid solution (96%) for five minutes; and manual physical scarification with 120 grit sandpaper. The seeds were also tested without using any technique, making up the controlstreatments with or without light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme (luminosity x treatment for breaking dormancy), with four replications of 100 seeds. After 60 days, germination (%), percentage of accumulated germination, germination speed index and average germination time were analyzed. The seeds of most of the studied native species do not present dormancy or the effect of photoblastism, except for “sete capoteiro”seedswho are supposed to have morphophysiological dormancy, with negative photoblastism. The use of hot water or sulfuric acid in the seeds of native fruit trees is not recommended.

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Seasonal influence on dormancy alleviation inDodonaea viscosa(Sapindaceae) seeds

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258514000191 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 229-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ganesh K. Jaganathan ◽

Baolin Liu

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hot Water ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Hot Water Treatment ◽

Physical Dormancy ◽

High Summer Temperature ◽

The Tropics

AbstractSeeds ofDodonaea viscosa(Sapindaceae) have a water-impermeable seed coat, i.e. physical dormancy (PY). Although mechanical scarification, dry heat, sulphuric acid and hot water treatment make seeds permeable under laboratory conditions, the mechanisms by which dormancy is alleviated in natural environments have not yet been understood completely. The present investigation aims to understand the pattern of dormancy alleviation inD. viscosaseeds using an artificial burial approach for 2 years. Freshly collected seeds held in hydrated soil at 10/20°C, 15/20°C, 15/30°C, 20/35°C and 25°C for 32 weeks germinated to less than 15%, irrespective of storage temperature. Dry storage of seeds at 15, 20, 25 and 30°C for 1 year did not break dormancy. Hot water treatment at 80 and 90°C for 30 s broke dormancy in 90% of the seeds. On the other hand, burying seeds at a depth of 3–5 cm in the natural environment for 2 years increased germination from 7 to 71%. In particular, seeds exhumed after summer in both years showed a significant increase in germination percentage(P< 0.05). However, seeds buried after summer did not germinate to a higher percentage when exhumed prior to summer. We suggest that a high summer temperature, rising above 60°C in the top soil layer of the tropics, is a likely factor breaking dormancy. Most seeds germinated during burial, which indicates that light is not a cue for germination. We conclude that germination ofD. viscosafollowing summer is an adaptive mechanism to tolerate summer droughts, which are common in the dry tropics.

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