scholarly journals PARTICIPATION OF TICKS IN THE INFECTIOUS CYCLE OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS, IN TERESINA, PIAUÍ, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Henrique Furtado Campos ◽  
Francisco Assis Lima Costa
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
The City ◽  
Infectious Cycle ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test

In this study, we detected Leishmania spp. infection in R. sanguineus collected from dogs that were naturally infected with L. (L.) infantum. We examined 35 dogs of both sexes and unknown ages. The infected dogs were serologically positive by the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Quick Test-DPP (Dual Path Platform), as well as parasitological examination of a positive skin biopsy or sternal bone marrow aspiration. Ten negative dogs were included as controls. The ticks that infested these dogs were collected in pools of 10 adult females per animal. The PCR was performed with specific primers for Leishmania spp., which amplified a 720-bp fragment. Of the 35 analyzed samples, a product was observed in eight samples (8/35; 22.9%). We conclude that the presence of parasite DNA suggests that ticks participate in the zoonotic cycle of canine visceral leishmaniasis, in the city of Teresina, Piauí.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis: perception, prevalence, and spatial distribution in municipality of Nossa Senhora do Livramento, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Roberto Carvalho ◽  
Álvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias ◽  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Mário Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Adilson Santos Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Leishmania Spp

Abstract The midwest region of Brazil has witnessed an increase in the number of cases of human (HVL) and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the population’s perception of these diseases, factors associated with CVL, its spatial distribution, and the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. in 385 dogs, determined using a commercially available immunochromatographic rapid test and confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of the 385 samples, 54 were positive for CVL and confirmed by ELISA, corresponding to a prevalence of 14%. Knowledge of signs of CVL by tutors (p = 0.038); previous occurrence of CVL in the vicinity (p = 0.022); symptomatic dog(s) (p = 0.014), splenomegaly (p = 0.055), and ear ulcer(s) (p = 0.059) were significantly associated with CVL. The results revealed a significant prevalence of CVL spatially distributed in rural and urban contexts. The association between environmentally related variables and perception and the occurrence of CVL underscores the importance of implementing control and prevention strategies primarily focused on environmental management and health education activities.

scholarly journals First description of autochthonous canine visceral leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco André Loureiro Tonini ◽  
Elenice Moreira Lemos ◽  
Alexandre Barbosa Reis ◽  
Wendel Coura Vital ◽  
Edelberto Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

INTRODUCTION: We investigated autochthonous canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the metropolitan region of Vitória (MRV), an area in which a human case was previously reported. METHODS: Serological, parasitological, and molecular tests were performed in 201 dogs. RESULTS: Twenty-six (13%) and 12 (6%) dogs were identified as positive using in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rK39 tests, respectively. Two dogs had a positive culture for Leishmania chagasi, and 4 were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for Leishmania spp. One positive dog belonged to the aforementioned patient. CONCLUSIONS: Although the responsible vector was not found, our results provide evidence of autochthonous CVL in the MRV, a non-endemic area for VL.

scholarly journals Active surveillance of canine visceral leishmaniasis and american trypanossomiasis in rural dogs from non endemic area

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozeani Olimpio Tome ◽  
Fernanda Conceição Gaio ◽  
Diego Generoso ◽  
Benedito Donizete Menozzi ◽  
Helio Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

The canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and american trypanosomiasis are important zoonoses in public health and dogs are the main domestic reservoir of the parasite for humans. The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of circulating antibodies anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and anti-Leishmania sp. in sera of dogs from the rural area of Botucatu, SP, Brazil. During the annual vaccination campaign against canine rabies in rural area, 689 blood samples were taken and processed by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. The serological tests revealed the absence of antibodies anti-Leishmania spp., but anti-T. cruzi antibodies were detected in 3 (0.4%) dogs.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leishmania spp. serology and Leishmania spp. PCR in dogs from Pirassununga, SP

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália Mendonça de Seabra ◽  
Vanessa Figueredo Pereira ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Kuwassaki ◽  
Julia Cristina Benassi ◽  
Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Seropositivity Rate ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The City ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Abstract We examined the presence of antibodies against the parasites Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leishmania spp., as well the presence of DNA from Leishmania spp., in dogs from Pirassununga - SP. The seropositivity rate was compared with the animals’ originating location. Three hundred seventy-three blood samples from the county’s kennel and local veterinary clinics were collected and analyzed. A total of 300 samples were tested for T. gondii and N. caninum using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT); 45% (135/300) were positive for T. gondii and 24.3% (73/300) were positive for N. caninum. Three hundred seventy-three samples were tested for Leishmania spp. using the IFAT. Of these, 4.6% (17/373) were positive. Additionally, 145 samples were tested using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR); of these samples, 0.7% (1/145) was positive. Considering the results, we conclude that these parasites are present in the city of Pirassununga - SP and that the animals have contact with the protozoan. It is therefore necessary to create methods for disease prevention to maintain both animal and human health in regard to leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Molecular and serological detection of Leishmania spp. in horses from an endemic area for canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Benassi ◽  
Graziella U. Benvenga ◽  
Helena L. Ferreira ◽  
Rodrigo M. Soares ◽  
Diogo T. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Leishmania spp. and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in horses from a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Brazil. DNA samples from blood and conjunctival swab (CS) were tested by PCR and Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Although none of the horses was clinically sick, animals infected by Leishmania spp. were found and some could be characterized as infected by L. (L.) infantum. From 40 horses, 100% of the animals were positive by blood PCR, 90% (36/40) by CS PCR, and 2.5% (01/40) in serodiagnosis, by IFAT. Six from these 40 horses were L. (L.) infantum positive by blood PCR. Direct sequencing and analysis of amplicons resulted in a sequence to evolutionary analysis. Results indicate the presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum infecting healthy horses in Brazil. The presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum DNA in asymptomatic horses suggests that they can be important reservoirs of these parasites, a highly relevant finding for the epidemiological surveillance of the diseases they cause.

scholarly journals High frequency of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs under veterinary clinical care in an intense transmission area in the state of Tocantins, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helcileia Dias Santos ◽  
◽  
Samara Rocha Galvão ◽  
Francisca Elda Ferreira Dias ◽  
Taiã Mairon Peixoto Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT: A direct search for parasites were used as the diagnostic test to determine the frequency of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) under veterinary clinical care in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil. For this approach, lymph node cell samples were collected using needle aspiration from 649 dogs of different breeds and ages. Two hundred and sixty four (40.7%) dogs tested positive for amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. Furthermore, 202 (76.5%) dogs that tested positive showed some clinical sign of disease, while 62 (28.4%) dogs were asymptomatic. Dogs <2 years old or those that lived alongside poultry species in peri-domicile areas had a greater chance of infection (P<0.05). Our results revealed the importance of frequently monitoring leishmaniasis in dogs, and the need to train veterinary professionals who work in high-transmission areas on the clinical diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis in Barra de Guaratiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: assessment of risk factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alice A. Cabrera ◽  
Adelzon A. Paula ◽  
Luis Antonio B. Camacho ◽  
Mauro Célio A. Marzochi ◽  
Samanta C. Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
The City ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Predictor Factors

Barra de Guaratiba is a coastal area of the city of Rio de Janeiro where American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is endemic. Although control measures including killing of dogs and use of insecticides have been applied at this locality, the canine seroprevalence remains at 25% and during 1995 and 1997 eight autochthonous human cases were notified. In order to evaluate factors related to the increase of the risk for Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi infection in dogs we have screened 365 dogs by anti-Leishmania immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and captured sandflies in the domestic and peridomestic environment. Some variables related to the infection were assessed by uni- and multivariate analysis. The distance of the residence from the forest border, its altitude and the presence of the opossum Didelphis marsupialis in the backyard, were found predictor factors for L. (L.) chagasi infection in dogs in Barra de Guaratiba. The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the peridomestic environment indicates the possibility of appearence of new human cases. Our data also suggest the presence of a sylvatic enzootic cycle at this locality.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis in riverside communities of the Cuiabá river watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3313
Author(s):  
Valéria Régia Franco Sousa ◽  
Álvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias ◽  
Juliana Yuki Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana de Medeiros Torres ◽  
Janaína Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
River Watershed

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic zoonosis expanding in Brazil. Several municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso including those on the river Cuiabá have reported the incidence of both human and canine cases and the identification of sandfly vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lu. cruzi. Dogs are considered the main reservoir of Leishmania chagasi in the urban areas, hence, we devised a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence of the infection in the dogs of riverside communities on Cuiabá River watershed by parasitological (parasitic isolation in culture), serological, and molecular methods. Of the 248 surveyed dogs, 24 were positive in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), with a prevalence of 9.7%. The riverside communities located in the town of Santo Antonio do Leverger displayed a higher prevalence of the disease than the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Dogs born in the communities had a 3.24-fold higher risk of acquiring the infection. Promastigote were isolated in the axenic culture from the bone marrow samples and intact skin. Further, DNA of Leishmania sp. was detected in the bone marrow samples, lymph nodes, leukocyte cover, and skin of only one examined dog. These samples were sequenced and they showed 99% homology to L. infantum. To conclude, we observed a higher prevalence of infection in Riverside communities of Santo Antonio do Leverger and the confirmation of autochthony in these areas justifies the surveillance actions to minimise the risk of transmission within the riverine community itself, besides its dissemination to other areas by tourism.

scholarly journals Antibodies anti-trypanosomatides in domestic cats in Paraná: who is at highest risk of infection?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos ◽  
Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽  
Fernanda Pinto Ferreira ◽  
Keila Clarine Monteiro ◽  
Marielen de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
In Series ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Simple Logistic

Abstract The aim of this study were to detect antibodies anti-Leishmania spp. and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi in two different populations of domestic cats (Felis catus domesticus) from North Paraná referred for surgical castration and to determine which characteristics of the animals studied may be associated with seropositivity. Serum samples from 679 cats were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in series. Associations between age, sex, race, year of care and animal group were verified using the simple logistic regression. Percentage of 8.5% (58/679) of cats were positive for Leishmania spp. and 7.6% (51/673) for T. cruzi by the tests ELISA and IFAT. Animals collected by non-governmental animal protection organizations presented more seropositivity for Leishmania spp. (p<0.0001). Results shown that Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi are present in domestic cats in the northern part of the state of Paraná, as well as, owners of non-governmental animal protection organizations may be more exposed to leishmaniasis when compared to other animal owners evaluated in the present study.

Comparative evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on crude and purified antigen in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in symptomatic and oligosymptomatic dogs

2008 ◽  
Vol 157 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresinha Cristina Cândido ◽  
Sílvia Helena Venturoli Perri ◽  
Tatiana de Oliveira Gerzoschkwitz ◽  
Maria Cecília Rui Luvizotto ◽  
Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Purified Antigen
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