scholarly journals Concurrent primary and secondary myiasis on basal cell carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Andrade Raposo ◽  
Antônio Pedro Mendes Schettini ◽  
Cesare Massone

Myiasis is a disease caused by infestation of fly larvae in human and other vertebrate tissues. It is a skin condition common in tropical and subtropical countries and its predisposing factors are: chronic diseases, immunodeficiency, poor hygiene, senility, psychiatric disorders, skin cancers and ulcerated mucosae. We report the case of a healthy patient who after traumatic injury of a preexisting lesion showed a tumor on the dorsal region parasitized by fly larvae. The histopathological examination performed for the diagnosis of skin neoplasm surprisingly revealed the presence of a partially degenerated larva with characteristics of Dermatobia hominis, suggesting an association of primary and secondary myiasis on basal cell carcinoma.

Biomedika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratih Pramuningtyas ◽  
Prasetyadi Mawardi

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) incidence is 75% of all skin cancers. BCC rarely causing mortality, but morbidity is high. Clinical diagnostic is the early detection of BCC suspicion, therefore, we required specific criteria that help to establish the clinical diagnosis. The objective of this study was to know the clinical sign as a predictor of basal cell carcinoma. Ten patients with skin tumors who came to dermatovenereological department of Dr. Moewardi hospital were included in this study. Clinical diagnosis using clinical criteria from keratinocyte carcinoma in A Cancer Journal For Clinicians in 2011 (Teleangiectasion, raise border, erythematous with bleeding, pigmentation, translucent appearance, and scarlike appearance) was used as reference of clinical diagnostic criteria. Histopathological examination was performed as a gold standard. All 10 subjects had histopathological finding consistent to BCC. The clinical examination like pigmentation were found in all subjects while teleangiectasia, raise border, erythema with bleeding were found on 9 subject. Translucent appearance was found on 6 subjects. While scarlike appearance was absent in all subjects. The criteria from keratinocyte carcinoma in A Cancer Journal For Clinicians in 2011 can be used to diagnosed BCC clinicallyKeywords : Basal cell carcinoma, Clinical Diagnostic Criteria


Author(s):  
Siswanto Wahab ◽  
Khairuddin Djawad

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). It grows slowly and very rarely metastasizes but can cause substantial morbidity due to its tendency to relapse and locally invasive nature, especially when located on the face. Excision surgery is still the gold standard treatment for primary BCC and is usually followed by reconstruction procedure. Skin flap techniques vary widely, one of which is flap advancement technique. The main benefit of flap advancement technique is the ability to hide the excision line, thus resulting in an aesthetically sound outcome. We report a case of 72-year-old female with hyperpigmented plaque brownish lump on the left lateral cheek. A diagnosis of igmented basal cell carcinoma had been confirmed through histopathological examination. The patient was treated with wide excision surgery and the defect was closed by multiple advancement flaps. Follow-up after three months showed excellent cosmetic and functional outcome.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Ana R. Fernandes ◽  
Ana C. Santos ◽  
Elena Sanchez-Lopez ◽  
Andjekla B. Kovačević ◽  
Marta Espina ◽  
...  

Neoplastische Hautläsionen sind multifokal auftretende, diffuse Hautinfiltrationen, die besonders in der Differentialdiagnose ulzerativer, nodulärer oder verkrustender Hautläsionen von Bedeutung sind. Nicht-melanozytäre Hautkrebsformen (nonmelanoma skin cancers, NMSC) wie das Basalzellkarzinom (basal cell carcinoma, BCC), das Plattenepithelkarzinom (squamous cell carcinoma, SCC) und die aktinische Keratose (AK) sind die häufigsten malignen Tumoren beim Menschen. BCC wachsen langsam und bilden meist keine Metastasen, wohingegen SCC ein stärker infiltrierendes, destruierendes Wachstum zeigen und Metastasen bilden. AK sind Vorstufen des kutanen SCC. Bei der klassischen NMSC-Therapie kommt die photodynamische Therapie in Verbindung mit Chemotherapeutika zur Anwendung. Das zunehmende Verständnis der Pathomechanismen, die bei der Tumorentstehung, -progression und -differenzierung eine Rolle spielen, stützt die Anwendung zielgerichteter Chemotherapien zur Verringerung der Zytotoxizität klassischer Therapien. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt den aktuellen Wissensstand über NMSC, einschließlich der Risikofaktoren, Onkogene und Karzinogenese von Hautkrebs und erörtert die herkömmliche Behandlung im Vergleich zu neuartigen therapeutischen Optionen. Übersetzung aus Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018;31:59-73 (DOI: 10.1159/000479529)


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
Fera Yunita Rodhiaty ◽  
Ika Kartika ◽  
Ibrahim

Abstract Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant tumor originating from non- keratinizing cells originating from the basal layer of the epidermis. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor, nearly 90% of all non-melanoma skin cancers. Clinically, BCC is difficult to distinguish, final diagnosis determined based on histopathological examination of complete tumor tissue. Based on histological growth patterns, BCC is divided into two, non- aggressive type (nodular and superficial) and aggressive type (infiltration, micronodular, fibroepithelial, basoskuamosa, keratotic, adnexal differentiation). The examination technique by analyzing the proteins or genes involved is related to the aggressiveness of basal cell carcinoma. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the comparison of expression of Bcl-2 in periocular basal type aggressive and non-aggressive carcinomas in dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methodology: A cross sectional analytic study from 26 periocular basal cell carcinoma patients in RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, January 2014- June 2018. Histopathologic features were examined with hematoxylin-eosine staining and imunohistochemical were examined with Bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. Data were analyzed by bivariate analysis, using chi-square test and fisher exact test. Results: Positive Bcl-2 expression was more common in periocular basal cell carcinoma (93.8%) than aggressive (50%), and nodular type (93.8%) compared to other types of histological differentiation. Positive Bcl-2 expression was also higher in female patients (90.9%) than males (66.7%). There is a significant relationship between expression of Bcl-2 and growth patterns, differentiation of cell histology and also sex of patients with basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant correlation between expression of Bcl-2 and aggressive and non-aggressive periocular basal cell carcinoma in RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-510
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Cristiana Voicu ◽  
Mara Mihai ◽  
Tiberiu Tebeica ◽  
Nely Koleva ◽  
...  

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy, accounting for the majority of all non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). In the past several decades the worldwide incidence of BCC has constantly been increasing. Even though it is a slow growing tumour that, left untreated, rarely metastasizes, it has a distinctive invasive growth pattern, posing a considerable risk for local invasion and destruction of underlying tissues, such as muscle, cartilage, bone or vital structures. Advanced BCCs include such locally invasive or metastatic tumours. Complete surgical excision is the standard therapy for most uncomplicated BCC cases with good prognosis and cure rates. Treatment of advanced forms of BCCs poses significant therapeutic challenges, most often requiring complicated surgery, radiotherapy, and/or targeted therapies directed towards the sonic hedgehog signalling pathway (SHH). We present two cases of large BCCs located on the scalp and posterior thorax, which underwent surgical excision with clear margins, followed by reconstruction of the defect after extensive undermining of the skin.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Cristiana Voicu ◽  
Mara Mihai ◽  
Mihai Lupu ◽  
James W. Patterson ◽  
Nely Koleva ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequently encountered neoplasm worldwide. While nodular BCC is the most frequent clinical subtype, other forms of BCC, such as superficial, cystic, morpheiform, infiltrative, and pigmented may also be encountered.CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 67-year-old male with a relatively well-defined infiltrative, pigmented plaque with multiple colours and peripheral growth situated in the right axillary region. The histopathologic examination performed after complete surgical excision of the tumour revealed a complex pigmented BCC with macronodular, fibroepithelioma-like, cystic, focally infiltrative and basosquamous features.CONCLUSION: Uncommon locations of BCCs in sun-protected areas such as the axillary region require a higher degree of suspicion for diagnosis. The complex histology of the presented case, including subtypes with differing biologic attributes, emphasises the importance of histopathological examination in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of BCC.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Usho Go ◽  
Kazunori Miyata ◽  
Masaru Fujita ◽  
Takashi Ohide ◽  
Tsuyoshi Mitsuishi

We herein present a case of annular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with spontaneous regression on the right temporal region of a 56-year-old Japanese male. Histopathological examination revealed that the central section had no tumor cells. The sweat glands, follicles, and other cutaneous appendages were also absent. This pattern of spontaneous regression is quite uncommon, and understanding the histopathology may be important for future approaches to BCC.


2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Željko P. Mijušković

Abstract Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer among Caucasians. It generally occurs on sun-exposed areas of the body, mostly on the head and neck (80%), trunk (15%), rarely on arms and legs. Basal cell carcinoma is a good example of a disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a dual role in the development of BCC: it causes DNA damage and immunosuppression. UVA and UVB rays damage the DNA via various mechanisms. UVB radiation directly damages DNA within skin cells, causing cytosine → thymine mutations at dipyrimidine sites, whereas UVA radiation is 10.000 times less mutagenic, but it is significantly more present in the natural UV radiation. Also, UVA photons have lower energy than UVB photons and do not induce mutations. UV radiation exerts immune suppression by decreasing the antigen presenting cells ability and by producing immunosuppressive cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Mediators of UV-induced immunosuppression are DNA and cis-urocanic acid. Several studies showed a significant association between the development of BCC and sun-exposure during childhood and adolescence, and a strong relation with family history of skin cancer. Exposure to ionizing radiation increases the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancers by three times, while the risk is proportional to the radiation dose. Chemical carcinogens, such as arsenic, tar, psoralen, and pesticides, increase risks for nonmelanoma skin cancers, predominantly for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Regarding genetic predisposition, there is glutathione S-transferase (GST) as an important part of cellular defense against endogenous and exogenous chemicals. Several polymorphisms in GST family members have been associated with impaired detoxification, thus influencing the risk for some cancers, including nonmelanoma skin cancers. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved in detoxification of photosensitizing agents, and thus involved in BCC carcinogenesis. PTCH is a tumor suppressor gene first identified in patients with Gorlin syndrome. Abnormal activation of this gene and its pathways result in various types of tumorigenesis. BCC is associated with homozygous PTCH gene deletion. With regard to acquired genetic mutations, it was found that aggressive BCCs are significantly associated with increased p53 protein expression, probably representing the mutated form, although that assertion could not be established with certainty. Considering the apparently limited contribution of DNA damage and chromosome instability to the expression of BCC phenotype, the relevance of p53 mutations for BCC growth remains to be demonstrated. Data on the role of Bcl-2 gene family in the development of BCC are scarce. It is unclear whether Bcl-2 has a functional role in the development of BCC, or it only indicates the level of gene expression in tumor stem cells. Activation of Ras gene may play an important role during early stages in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers, and it is often found on UV-exposed skin in BCC, actinic keratosis and SCC. Concerning immunologic factors, studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is the critical mast cell product involved in ultraviolet-induced immunosuppression: mast cells contain high quantities of TNF-α which is released after activation; the level of TNF-α is increased in the skin exposed to UV radiation disrupting the morphology and function of Langerhans cells, the principal antigen-presenting cells of the skin. An animal study suggests that the degree of susceptibility to ultraviolet-B-induced local immunosuppression depends on TNF-α level within the epidermis after UVB. It has been established that mast cell-derived histamine stimulates prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production from keratinocytes. PGE2 alters the cytokine balance in favor of the immunosuppressive interleukin-10 (IL-10) against the immunostimulatory IL-12; histamine also increases suppressor T-cell function by binding to the H2 receptors, which in turn release higher levels of immune suppressive cytokines including IL-10 and induce apoptosis of antigen-presenting cells. All this results in a shift of the immune response from T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine profile to T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine profile, inhibiting antigen-presenting cells to induce antitumor activity.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Al-Qarqaz ◽  
Maha Marji ◽  
Khaldon Bodoor ◽  
Rowida Almomani ◽  
Wisam Al Gargaz ◽  
...  

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer affecting humans. It almost has no tendency for metastasis; however it can be destructive to surrounding tissue. Patients with darker skin colors have lower risk of developing skin cancers and the clinical characteristics may differ from populations with lighter skin colors.Methods. This is a retrospective clinical study (2003–2017). Data on age, gender, and location of tumor were collected and analyzed.Results. 335 cases were identified. Males tend to get BCC at a younger age than females. Face was the most common site in both males and females. Cheeks and nose were the most likely areas of the face to be involved. Scalp was the most common extrafacial site to be involved in males; however in females scalp was much less likely to be involved.Conclusion. BCC is less common in populations with darker skin. Males were more affected and at an earlier age compared to females. Facial skin followed by scalp was the most common site affected. Skin phototype, cultural and religious dress type, and different sun exposure behavior may explain many of the clinical and demographic findings related to BCC in patients with darker skin tones.


Author(s):  
Lavinia Ferrante di Ruffano ◽  
Jacqueline Dinnes ◽  
Naomi Chuchu ◽  
Susan E Bayliss ◽  
Yemisi Takwoingi ◽  
...  

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